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- Huvinen, Emilia, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic risk of type 2 diabetes modifies the effects of a lifestyle intervention aimed at the prevention of gestational and postpartum diabetes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 65:8, s. 1291-1301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to assess the interaction between genetic risk and lifestyle intervention on the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and postpartum diabetes. Methods: The RADIEL study is an RCT aimed at prevention of GDM and postpartum diabetes through lifestyle intervention. Participants with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 and/or prior GDM were allocated to intervention and control groups before pregnancy or in early pregnancy. The study visits took place every 3 months before pregnancy, once in each trimester, and at 6 weeks and 6 and 12 months postpartum. We calculated a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 50 risk variants for type 2 diabetes. Results: Altogether, 516 participants provided genetic and GDM data. The PRS was associated with higher glycaemic levels (fasting glucose and/or HbA1c) and a lower insulin secretion index in the second and third trimesters and at 12 months postpartum, as well as with a higher occurrence of GDM and glycaemic abnormalities at 12 months postpartum (n = 356). There was an interaction between the PRS and lifestyle intervention (p=0.016 during pregnancy and p=0.024 postpartum) when analysing participants who did not have GDM at the first study visit during pregnancy (n = 386). When analysing women in tertiles according to the PRS, the intervention was effective in reducing the age-adjusted occurrence of GDM only among those with the highest genetic risk (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.17, 0.82). The risk of glycaemic abnormalities at 12 months postpartum was reduced in the same group after adjusting additionally for BMI, parity, smoking and education (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.13, 0.97). Conclusions/interpretation: Genetic predisposition to diabetes modifies the response to a lifestyle intervention aimed at prevention of GDM and postpartum diabetes. This suggests that lifestyle intervention may benefit from being tailored according to genetic risk. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01698385 Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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| 2. |
- Räikkönen, Katri, et al.
(författare)
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Insulin, Glucose, and the Metabolic Syndrome in Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine
- 2022
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Ingår i: Handbook of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine. - New York, NY : Springer New York. - 9780387859606 - 9780387859590 ; , s. 809-831
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It has been known for decades that risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) tend to cluster. Metabolic syndrome refers to this risk factor clustering for some of the more well-established and dangerous risk factors. This chapter provides a historical overview on the concept of the metabolic syndrome; describes the clinical criteria used in the definition of the metabolic syndrome and how to measure components of the metabolic syndrome, emphasizing measurements related to insulin and glucose; provides a brief overview of the genetic, endocrine, and early life determinants of the metabolic syndrome; and presents findings from studies that have focused on psychological correlates, determinants, and consequences of the metabolic syndrome, focusing in particular on psychosocial stress and depression.
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