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- Evansluong, Quang, et al.
(author)
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A missing link in immigrant entrepreneurship : family functions and opportunity creation processes
- 2018
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper employs an inductive case study to explore the relevance of the family functions in the opportunity creation process by immigrant entrepreneurs. We employ the perspective of the opportunity creation process and the family functions for theory building purposes. We conducted four cases of immigrant entrepreneurs who established businesses in Sweden and that have their origins in Lebanon and Syria, Cameroon, Mexico, and Syria. The paper identifies three family functions -- or family ways of working -- facilitating the opportunity creation process: (I) changing family roles, (II) family (acting) as a springboard, (III) family (acting) as trusting bedrock. These family functions were not static features rather processes influencing the opportunity creation process. The functions were connected to a specific opportunity creation process in the same order: (I) the triggering process, (II) the exploration of an entrepreneurial idea and (III) the exploitation of the entrepreneurial idea. The family functions changed as needed during the opportunity creation processes. Such change was however limited to the pool of resources available to the immigrant entrepreneur and the family in the home and host countries.
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- Evansluong, Quang, 1984, et al.
(author)
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From breaking-ice to breaking-out: integration as an opportunity creation process
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1355-2554 .- 1758-6534. ; 25:5, s. 880-899
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to conduct an inductive case study to understand how the opportunity creation process leads to integration. Design/methodology/approach – It examines four cases of immigrant entrepreneurs of Cameroonian, Lebanese, Mexican and Assyrian origins who founded their businesses in Sweden. The study relies on process-oriented theory building and develops an inductive model of integration as an opportunity creation process. Findings – The suggested model shows immigrants’ acculturation into the host society via three successive phases: breaking-ice, breaking-in and breaking-out. In the breaking-ice phase, immigrants trigger entrepreneurial ideas to overcome the disadvantages that they face as immigrants in the host country. In the breaking-in phase, immigrants articulate their entrepreneurial ideas by bonding with the ethnic community. In the breaking-out phase, the immigrants reorient their entrepreneurial ideas by desegregating them locally.The paper concludes by elaborating theoretical and practical implications of the research. Originality/value – Immigrants act when they are socially excluded and discriminated in the labor market by developing business ideas and becoming entrepreneurs. By practicing the new language and accommodating native customers’ preferences, immigrants reorient their entrepreneurial ideas. The immigrants tailor their ideas to suit their new customers by strengthening their sense of belonging to the local community.
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- Evansluong, Quang, et al.
(author)
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The role of family social capital in immigrants’ entrepreneurial opportunity creation processes
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 36:1-2, s. 164-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper conducts an inductive case study to build a theory on the role of family in both the host and home countries in immigrant entrepreneurs' attempts at creating entrepreneurial opportunities. We used the perspectives of the opportunity creation process and family social capital. We relied on data collected from four cases of immigrant entrepreneurs from Lebanon, Syria, Cameroon and Mexico who have established businesses in Sweden. The paper identified three sources of family social capital: family duties, family trust and family support as being relevant for creating opportunities. While family duties triggered the process of forming an entrepreneurial idea, this process was advanced by the existence of family trust. Family support was then the building block for launching an entrepreneurial idea. By identifying these three sources of family social capital, we show that families in the host and home countries contribute to immigrant entrepreneurs' opportunity creation.
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- Johannisson, Bengt, 1942-, et al.
(author)
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Clusters as a Take-Off for Glocal Strategies : The Role of Social Capital
- 2016
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In: Handbook of Social Capital and Regional Development. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781783476824 - 9781783476831 ; , s. 469-491
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter conceptualizes and operationalizes the potential of social capital in the making of sustainable strategies for individual firms in localized clusters as well as for the clusters as collectives. Global competitiveness is created out of local collaboration between firms that to a varying degree are internationalized, thereby building generic ‘glocal’ strategies. These strategies are in turn energized by the individual and collective social capital that originates in the egocentric personal networks of the local firms and the sociocentric personal network that the overall cluster of firms constitutes. The personal ties between firms that build these networks concern business or social exchange or a combination of the two. We inform how these features of network ties can be operationalized to provide a database for comparative studies of localized clusters of firms. The overall localized social capital that the cluster contains is activated through spontaneous self-organizing as well as formal organizing. The interaction between the spontaneous and formal structures turns the cluster into an ‘organizing context’, that is, an enacted environment for the local firms that is co-constructed by themselves. To illustrate how clusters build organizing contexts that accommodate glocal strategies by accumulating and using social capital, we tell the story of a Swedish community (Lammhult) and its firm cluster. This is known as ‘The kingdom of furniture’. The proposed model of personal networking and the illustrated example together inform how local actors may successfully initiate a process that aims at the creation of viable glocal strategies anchored in personal relations and networks. A ‘first mover advantage’ enables the cluster representatives to define what further enforcements external private and public bodies may contribute with.
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