| 1. |
- Wahlin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Osteoprotegerin and osteocalcin are associated with atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis : a prospective cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. - 0392-856X .- 1593-098X. ; 39:6, s. 1402-1409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an accelerated progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between subclinical atherosclerosis, assessed by intima-media thickness (IMT), and regulators of bone formation, markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with RA.METHODS:Patients with new-onset RA (n=79), aged ≤60 years at diagnosis, were consecutively included in a study of development of atherosclerosis. Ultrasound measurement of IMT of the common carotid artery was undertaken at inclusion (T0) and after 11 years (T11) (n=54). Bone turnover biomarkers were examined in samples collected at T0 and T11. BMD was assessed at T11.RESULTS:In patients with RA, osteocalcin (OCN) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) measured at T11 were significantly associated with IMT at T11, adjusted for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and age. BMD at T11 and the bone turnover markers procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and carboxy-terminal crosslinked C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) were not associated with IMT. OPG, OCN and sclerostin at T0 were significantly associated with IMT at T11, and OPG and OCN at T0 were associated with change in IMT from T0 to T11. The associations between IMT and bone biomarkers were stronger in patients with joint erosions at onset of RA, than in patients with non-erosive disease.CONCLUSIONS:Atherosclerosis in patients with RA is associated with OPG and OCN, but not with BMD or markers reflecting ongoing bone turnover, indicating that atherosclerosis is not associated with bone turnover per se.
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| 2. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary function and atherosclerosis in the general population : causal associations and clinical implications
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 39:1, s. 35-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced lung function is associated with cardiovascular mortality, but the relationships with atherosclerosis are unclear. The population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage study measured lung function, emphysema, coronary CT angiography, coronary calcium, carotid plaques and ankle-brachial index in 29,593 men and women aged 50–64 years. The results were confirmed using 2-sample Mendelian randomization. Lower lung function and emphysema were associated with more atherosclerosis, but these relationships were attenuated after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Lung function was not associated with coronary atherosclerosis in 14,524 never-smokers. No potentially causal effect of lung function on atherosclerosis, or vice versa, was found in the 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Here we show that reduced lung function and atherosclerosis are correlated in the population, but probably not causally related. Assessing lung function in addition to conventional cardiovascular risk factors to gauge risk of subclinical atherosclerosis is probably not meaningful, but low lung function found by chance should alert for atherosclerosis.
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| 3. |
- Granlund, Lena E., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D status was not associated with anxiety, depression, or health-related quality of life in Middle Eastern and African-born immigrants in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nutrition Research. - : Elsevier. - 0271-5317 .- 1879-0739. ; 75, s. 109-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Active vitamin D is a neurosteroid that may modulate brain function. Associations between vitamin D deficiency and depression and anxiety have been demonstrated. We hypothesized that there was an association between anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and vitamin D status. To test this hypothesis, we examined the association between anxiety, depression, and HRQOL and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations in the Middle Eastern and African-born immigrant population. All immigrants aged 25-65 years, born in 9 African or Middle Eastern countries, and living in 3 districts in Umea (n = 1306) were invited, with 195 English- or Swedish-speaking immigrants (104 men and 91 women) participated. Anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. HRQOL was measured using EuroQoL-5 Dimension 3 Level Questionnaire and EuroQoL Visual Analogue Scale. Serum 25(OH)D was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Associations were determined using logistic and linear regression. Analyses were adjusted for sex, age, origin, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle, chronic diseases, and obesity. In total, 71% had 25(OH)D less than 50 nmol/ L and 11% had 25(OH)D less than 25 nmol/L. Anxiety, depression, and HRQOL were not associated with 25(OH)D in the immigrant population. Anxiety was common in female immigrants from the Middle East (32.7%); and after adjustment, lower 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with higher risk of anxiety (25[OH]D <= 49 nmol/L vs 25[OH] D >= 50 nmol/L: odds ratio 23.2 [95% confidence interval 1.97 - 271.9] P = .012) in this subgroup only; however, reverse causality could not be excluded. In conclusion, the study showed no association between depression, anxiety, or HRQOL and vitamin D status in the immigrant population.
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| 4. |
- Pettersson, Beatrice, et al.
(författare)
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Neither Timed Up and Go test nor Short Physical Performance Battery predict future falls among independent adults aged ≥75 years living in the community
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of frailty, sarcopenia and falls. - : Hylonome Publications. - 2459-4148. ; 5:2, s. 24-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Previous research has shown that balance and gait difficulties are predictors of falls. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive validity of two tools reporting on balance and gait among older community living adults independent in personal activities of daily living (p-ADL).Methods: Prospective study design. Baseline assessment included the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Following baseline, falls were recorded monthly for one year by 202 participants (70.1% women) who were independent in p-ADL, and at least 75 years old (79.2±3.5). ROC-curves were made and AUC were calculated.Results: Fortyseven percent of the participants reported falls. AUCs calculated for TUG were 0.5 (95% CI: 0.5-0.6) for those with at least one fall, and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.5-0.6) for recurrent fallers. Corresponding figures for SPPB were 0.5 (95% CI: 0.5-0.6) and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.5-0.6).Conclusion: This study does not support a recommendation to use the Timed Up and Go test or the Short Physical Performance Battery as tools for the identification of fall-prone persons among older adults living in the community. These results reinforce the need for further research into appropriate tools for identifying independent but fall-prone older adults.
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| 5. |
- Pettersson, Beatrice, et al.
(författare)
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Proposals for continued research to determine older adults’ falls risk
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Frailty, Sarcopenia and Falls. - : Hylonome Publications. - 2459-4148. ; 5:4, s. 89-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Early detection of older adults with an increased risk of falling could enable early onset of preventative measures. Currently used fall risk assessment tools have not proven sufficiently effective in differentiating between high and low fall risk in community-living older adults. There are a number of tests and measures available, but many timed and observation-based tools are performed on a flat floor without interaction with the surrounding. To improve falls prediction, measurements in other areas that challenge mobility in dynamic conditions and that take a persons’ own perception of steadiness into account should be further developed and evaluated as single or combined measures. The tools should be easy to apply in clinical practice or used as a self-assessment by the older adults themselves.
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