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- Ahmed, M, et al.
(författare)
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Sensory hypoinnervation in club foot
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. - 0301-620X. ; 86B86:8, s. 1163-1169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Hayashi, Shirley Yumi, et al.
(författare)
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Improvement of cardiac function after haemodialysis : Quantitative evaluation by colour tissue velocity imaging
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 19:6, s. 1497-1506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Overhydration and accumulation of uraemic toxins may influence the myocardial function in haemodialysis (HD) patients. To evaluate cardiac function and the effects of fluid and solute removal during a single session of HD, colour tissue velocity imaging (TVI) was used. This new technique, which is less load dependent than conventional echocardiography, allows an objective quantitative assessment of myocardial contractility, contraction and relaxation. Methods. Conventional echocardiographic and TVI images were recorded before and after a single HD session in 13 clinically stable HD patients (62 +/- 10 years, six males) and in 13 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Myocardial tissue velocities (v; cm/s) for isovolumetric contraction (IVC), peak systole (PS), early (E) and late (A') diastolic filling and strain rate (SR) were measured. Results. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was present in 12 patients. TVI gave additional information in comparison with conventional echocardiography. Before HD, PS (5.0 +/- 0.8 vs 6.0 +/- 1.2 cm/s, P < 0.05), E' (5.7 +/- 1.7 vs 7.3 +/- 2.0 cm/s, P < 0.05) and A' (6.6 +/- 1.7 vs. 8.3 +/- 2.9 cm/s, P < 0.05) velocities were lower in the patients than in the controls, indicating systolic and diastolic dysfunction. The HD session increased IVCv (4.0 +/- 1.7 to 5.5 +/- 1.9 cm/s; P < 0.001), PSv (5.0 +/- 0.8 to 5.7 +/- 0.8 cm/s; P < 0.05) and SR (0.7 +/- 0.2 to 0.9 +/- 0.2 1/s; P < 0.05) and decreased E/E' (16.7 +/- 7.7 to 12.2 +/- 4.0, P < 0.05), indicating improved systolic function and decreased LV filling pressure, respectively. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a dependency of systolic contraction (PSv) and contractility (IVCv) upon plasma levels of phosphate (r(2) = 0.70, P < 0.005, r(2) = 0.33, P < 0.01). Conclusions. Using TVI, HD patients demonstrate myocardial dysfunction, which is found less frequently when using conventional echocardiography. The systolic function seems to be impaired by high plasma levels of phosphate and an increased Ca x P product. One single session of HD improved systolic function as indicated by increases in IVCv, PSv and SR. Further studies are needed to clarify if this effect of HD is due to the acute removal of fluid, the removal of solutes or both.
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- Khani, Bahram Rashid, et al.
(författare)
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Reproducibility and validity of major dietary patterns among Swedish women assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3166 .- 1541-6100. ; 134:6, s. 1541-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defining dietary patterns by factor analysis is an alternative approach to dietary assessment that has been used recently to examine diet-disease relations. However, only 1 study evaluated the reproducibility and validity of this method. Our aim was to assess both the validity and reproducibility of major dietary patterns based on data from a 60-item FFQ. We chose 2 independent random samples among over 60,000 women aged 40-74 y participating in the Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC). In the validation study, the FFQ was compared with 4 7-d dietary records (DRs) among 129 women. For the reproducibility study, the FFQ was administered twice, 1 y apart in 212 women. By conducting factor analysis, 3 major dietary patterns were identified: healthy (high in vegetables, fruits, fish, poultry, tomato, cereal, and low-fat dairy products), Western (processed meat, meat, refined grains, sweets, and fried potatoes), and drinker (beer, wine and liquor, snacks) pattern. These 3 patterns explained 29-34% of the total variance in these 2 studies. The Spearman correlation coefficients between FFQ1 and FFQ2 (reproducibility) for healthy, Western, and drinker pattern were 0.63, 0.68, and 0.73, respectively (all P < 0.0001). Correlation coefficients between the FFQ and DRs (validity) for these patterns were 0.59, 0.50, and 0.85, respectively (all P < 0.0001). Our results indicate that identification of dietary patterns through factor analysis is a reproducible and valid method. The dietary patterns approach might be used in nutritional epidemiology as an alternative method of dietary assessment.
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- Olofsson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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The division of attitudes to GM food between the north and south of Europe
- 2003
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Ingår i: Integrating and Articulating Environments. - Lisse : Swets & Zeitlinger. - 9058096165 ; , s. 91-108
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When it comes to issues such as genetic engineering, it is important to take into account external sources in the understanding of attitude formation. It is evident that there might be differences in media coverage, policy decisions and other culturally based sources of information when comparing the South with the North of Europe. The objective of this background is to give a short summary of the situation concerning genetic engineering in each cluster of countries in the South and the North of Europe. © 2003 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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