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- Harmens, H, et al.
(författare)
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Heavy metal concentrations in European mosses: 2000/2001 survey
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-7764 .- 1573-0662. ; 49:1-3, s. 425-436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The heavy metals in mosses survey was originally established in 1980 as a joint Danish-Swedish initiative under the leadership of Angstromke Ruhling, Sweden and has, since then, been repeated at five-yearly intervals with an increasing number of countries and individuals participating. Twenty-eight European countries, almost 7000 sites and about 100 individuals have been involved in the most recent survey in 2000/2001. The survey provides data on concentrations of 10 heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, nickel, vanadium, zinc) in naturally growing mosses throughout Europe. The technique of moss analysis provides a surrogate measure of the spatial patterns of heavy metal deposition from the atmosphere to terrestrial systems, and is easier and cheaper than conventional precipitation analysis. The aims of the survey are to determine patterns of variation in the heavy metal concentration of mosses across Europe, identify the main polluted areas, produce regional maps and further develop the understanding of long-range transboundary pollution. As in previous surveys, there was an east/west decrease in heavy metal concentrations in mosses, related in particular to industrial emissions. Former industrial sites and historic mines accounted for the location of some high concentrations in areas without contemporary industries. Long-range transboundary transport appears to account for elevated concentrations of heavy metals in areas without emission sources, such as lead in southern Scandinavia (presumably from emission sources elsewhere in Europe).
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- Gatz, M, et al.
(författare)
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Telephone screening to identify potential dementia cases in a population-based sample of older adults
- 2002
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 14:3, s. 273-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the utility of the TELE, a telephone assessment for dementia, in a sample of 269 individuals that was not selected on the basis of previous dementia diagnosis. Thus, the conditions of the study reflect the actual situation in which a screening instrument might be employed. Scores on TELE were compared to dementia diagnoses. Using the best cutoff score, sensitivity was .86 and specificity was .90. Longitudinal follow-up established that false positives primarily included those who subsequently developed dementia. Telephone screening for dementia has both clinical and research applications. One recommendation based on our experience is that longitudinal studies should include a telephone interview component for anyone who drops out of the study, to enable characterizing the cognitive status of dropouts.
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