| 1. |
- Ades, M., et al.
(författare)
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Global Climate : in State of the climate in 2019
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - : American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 101:8, s. S17-S127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Ades, M., et al.
(författare)
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GLOBAL CLIMATE
- 2020
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Ingår i: BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 101:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Bížová, B., et al.
(författare)
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Single-dose cefixime 800 mg plus doxycycline 100 mg b.i.d. for 7 days compared to single-dose ceftriaxone 1 g plus single-dose azithromycin 2 g for treatment of urogenital, rectal and pharyngeal gonorrhoea : A randomised clinical trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID). - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 30:2, s. 211-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of single-dose oral cefixime 800 mg plus oral doxycycline 100 mg b.i.d. for 7 days, compared to recommended single-dose ceftriaxone plus single-dose, oral azithromycin, for treatment of uncomplicated urogenital, rectal or pharyngeal gonorrhoea.METHODS: A non-inferiority, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial was conducted in Prague, Czech Republic. Some 161 patients, 18-65 years of age diagnosed with uncomplicated urogenital, rectal or pharyngeal gonorrhoea by nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) were randomised to treatment with single-dose cefixime 800 mg plus doxycycline 100 mg b.i.d. for 1 week or single-dose ceftriaxone 1 g intramuscularly plus single-dose azithromycin 2 g. The primary outcome was the number of participants with negative culture and NAAT at 1 week and 3 weeks, respectively, after treatment initiation.RESULTS: In all, 161 patients were randomised, 152 were included in per-protocol analyses. All 76 (100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-1.00) patients treated with ceftriaxone plus azithromycin achieved negative cultures and NAAT after treatment. In the cefixime plus doxycycline arm at week 1, culture was negative in all 76 (100%) patients; at week 3, culture was negative in 70/76 patients (92%; 95%CI, 0.84-0.97) and NAAT negative in 66/76 patients (87%; 95%CI, 0.77-0.94). At week 3, culture and NAAT were negative in 65/76 patients (86%; 95%CI, 0.76-0.93). Per-protocol risk difference was 14.5% (95%CI, 6.56-22.38). All treatment failures observed in the cefixime arm were pharyngeal gonorrhoea cases.CONCLUSION: The combination of cefixime and doxycycline did not achieve non-inferiority to ceftriaxone and azithromycin for treatment of gonorrhoea when including pharyngeal gonorrhoea. It did, however, show high efficacy for urogenital and rectal gonorrhoea.
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| 4. |
- Knief, Ulrich, et al.
(författare)
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza causes mass mortality in Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis breeding colonies across north-western Europe
- 2024
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Ingår i: Bird conservation international. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0959-2709 .- 1474-0001. ; 34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2022, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b became enzootic and caused mass mortality in Sandwich TernThalasseus sandvicensis and other seabird species across north-western Europe. We present data on the characteristics of the spread of the virus between and within breeding colonies and the number of dead adult Sandwich Terns recorded at breeding sites throughout north-western Europe. Within two months of the first reported mortalities, 20,531 adult Sandwich Terns were found dead, which is >17% of the total north-western European breeding population. This is probably an under-representation of total mortality, as many carcasses are likely to have gone unnoticed and unreported. Within affected colonies, almost all chicks died. After the peak of the outbreak, in a colony established by late breeders, 25.7% of tested adults showed immunity to HPAI subtype H5. Removal of carcasses was associated with lower levels of mortality at affected colonies. More research on the sources and modes of transmission, incubation times, effective containment, and immunity is urgently needed to combat this major threat for colonial seabirds.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Mahajan, Anubha, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 54:5, s. 560-572
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10(-9)), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS to improve global health for all, irrespective of genetic background. Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.
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| 7. |
- Nijs, Jo, et al.
(författare)
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Nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic low back pain? : The low back pain phenotyping (BACPAP) consortium's international and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Lancet Rheumatology. - : Elsevier. - 2665-9913. ; 6:3, s. e178-e188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential to classify low back pain as being characterised by dominant nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic mechanisms is a clinically relevant issue. Preliminary evidence suggests that these low back pain phenotypes might respond differently to treatments; however, more research must be done before making specific recommendations. Accordingly, the low back pain phenotyping (BACPAP) consortium was established as a group of 36 clinicians and researchers from 13 countries (five continents) and 29 institutions, to apply a modified Nominal Group Technique methodology to develop international and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations to provide guidance for identifying the dominant pain phenotype in patients with low back pain, and potentially adapt pain management strategies. The BACPAP consortium's recommendations are also intended to provide direction for future clinical research by building on the established clinical criteria for neuropathic and nociplastic pain. The BACPAP consortium's consensus recommendations are a necessary early step in the process to determine if personalised pain medicine based on pain phenotypes is feasible for low back pain management. Therefore, these recommendations are not ready to be implemented in clinical practice until additional evidence is generated that is specific to these low back pain phenotypes.
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| 8. |
- Santangelo, James S., et al.
(författare)
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Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural dines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale.
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