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- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(författare)
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Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
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| 2. |
- Hartley, M G, et al.
(författare)
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Protection afforded by heat shock protein 60 from Francisella tularensis is due to copurified lipopolysaccharide.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - 0019-9567 .- 1098-5522. ; 72:7, s. 4109-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heat shock proteins (Hsps) have attracted significant attention as protective antigens against a range of diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. However, more recently there have been suggestions that the protective response is due to the presence of peptide components other than Hsps. We have shown that mice that had been immunized with purified heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) isolated from Francisella tularensis were protected against a subsequent challenge with some strains of the bacterium. However, this protection appeared to be due to trace amounts of lipopolysaccharide, which were too low to be detected by using the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay. This finding raises the possibility that the protection afforded by other bacterial Hsp60 proteins may be due to trace quantities of polysaccharide antigens carried by and acting in conjunction with the Hsps.
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| 5. |
- Papp, KA, et al.
(författare)
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Early onset of action and efficacy of a combination of calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate in the treatment of psoriasis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of American Academy of Dermatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0190-9622. ; 48:1, s. 48-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate are topical treatments for psoriasis vulgaris. Their mode of action is different. Improved risk/benefit may result with concomitant use of the two compounds together. A new vehicle has been created with the objective of obtaining optimal stability of both calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate in the combination product. Objective. We compared the clinical efficacy of a fixed combination of calcipotriene and betamethasone clipropionate in a new vehicle to calcipotriene in the new vehicle, betamethasone in the new vehicle, and the new vehicle alone. Methods: This was an international, multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 4-week study in patients with psoriasis vulgaris amenable to topical treatment. Results. The mean percentage reduction in PASI from baseline to end of treatment was 73.2% in the combination group (n = 301), 48.8% in the calcipotriene group (n = 308), 63.1% in the betamethasone dipropionate group (n = 312) and 28.8% in the new vehicle group (n = 107), (P < .001). The mean percentage reduction in PASI during the first week was 48.1%, 28.4%, 41.4%, and 21.5%, respectively (P < .001). Conclusion: A combination product of calcipotriene 50 mug/g and betamethasone dipropionate 0.5 mg/g in the new vehicle shows superior efficacy with a more rapid onset of action than the new vehicle containing either constituent alone in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris.
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| 7. |
- Tan, M, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced models for statistically stationary and non-stationary flows with control applications
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1475-0902 .- 2041-3084. ; 216:1, s. 95-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced modelling techniques, based on a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method, are applied to an investigation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with inputs. A circular cylinder in uniform flow with and without inputs is studied. Reduced dynamic models are created by POD and by extended POD (EPOD) approaches for the forced flow which is statistically non-stationary. A direct control action is applied to the flow at particular points and this investigation provides insights into the applications of the proposed approaches coupled with a full solver.
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