| 1. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975
(författare)
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Connecting ordering of freight transport to logistical variables related to CO2 emissions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the LRN Conference, Cranfield, 5-7 September 2012.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Reducing environmental impact is increasingly important for companies and this includes concerns regarding emissions from purchased freight transport services. When shippers order freight transport services, according to purchasing agreements, shipment specific requirements are specified, which can restrict the planning options of the transport provider, thereby influencing how the transport is performed and the resulting environmental performance. Therefore, shippers’ daily processes for ordering freight transport are of interest. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the shipper´s freight transport ordering process influences the logistical variables in the framework of Piecyk and McKinnon (2010): modal split, handling factor, average length of haul, lading factor, empty running, fuel efficiency and carbon intensity of fuel, in order to understand in what way CO2 emissions can be affected by the freight transport ordering process. Research approach: An explorative multiple case study of routine freight transport ordering processes at manufacturing companies was carried out. Shippers were interviewed to describe the transport ordering process as well as how related internal processes provide input to the process. The analysis combines the information from the cases with literature that describes logistical variables, and results in a description of how the transport ordering process can influence logistical variables. Findings and Originality: The study identified several connections from the freight transport ordering process to logistical variables and that the potential to reduce CO2 emissions partly depends on input from other processes. Examples of findings are, first, that timing of information input to the transport ordering process regarding transport requirements can influence lading factor and empty running, by affecting opportunities for the transport provider to plan vehicle utilisation. Secondly, communication between the sales staff and the transport ordering staff about customer needs regarding delivery times can affect urgency of transport and thereby influence modal split. Thirdly, information input to the transport ordering process regarding dimensions can affect planning of space required for the shipment and the utilisation of ordered space, thereby influencing lading factor. Research impact: The paper contributes by process descriptions of the freight transport ordering processes, which has been rarely covered in previous research. Also, a general model of the process is proposed. It also contributes to the framework used by Piecyk and McKinnon (2010) by showing influence from the transport ordering process on logistical variables. Practical impact: Shippers can learn how the configuration of the freight transport ordering process can influence logistical variables. This is important in order to be able to configure the freight transport ordering process to accommodate environmental considerations and reduce CO2 emissions from freight transport.
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| 2. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Context influence on freight purchasing
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th Annual IPSERA Conference, Maastricht, April 10-13, 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to identify contextual factors that may influence the freight transport purchasing process and develop a model for positioning transport purchasing process and practices with respect to the context. Based on well established supply chain models, data from six case companies is used to explore the links between contextual factors and how the purchasing of freight transport is performed. Important contextual factors identified in the case companies include cost, service, product characteristics and material flow.
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| 3. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of context on the purchasing process for freight transport services
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1367-5567 .- 1469-848X. ; 17:3, s. 232-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for analysing the contextual influence on the configuration of purchasing processes for freight transport services. A conceptual model suggests that three contextual dimensions, purchase task, importance, and service type, influence the different stages of the purchasing process. Data from seven case companies are used to explore the links between contextual factors and how the purchasing of freight transport is performed. Eight different types of context, and their implications for the configuration of the purchasing process, are presented. The framework offers guidance on the configuration of the purchasing process in specific contexts, highlighting, for example, that the level of detail of the specification stage can depend on the type of context.
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| 4. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975
(författare)
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Purchasing process for freight transport services and influence on CO2 emissions
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Companies purchasing freight transport services may through the purchasing process restrict or create opportunities for how transport service providers deliver the transport service. The purpose of this thesis is to explore how the configuration of the purchasing process for freight transport services can influence the reduction of CO2 emissions. This thesis is a compilation of three papers based on empirical data, collected mainly through interviews in three multiple-case studies.The results include descriptions of the purchasing process for freight transport services. Influence of the contextual dimensions purchase task, importance, and service type on the purchasing process for freight transport is discussed, and eight different types of contexts and their implications for the configuration of the purchasing process are presented. Relationships between the purchasing process for freight transport and logistical variables, related to CO2 emissions, are identified. In particular, time requirements and information sharing are highlighted as important underlying aspects of the relationships. Different configurations of the purchasing process for freight transport services facilitate or hinder consideration of such aspects.The results lead to increased understanding of how contextual variables influence the configuration of the purchasing process. The results also contribute to theory on reducing negative effects of freight transport on the environment, by connecting practices to logistical variables that are related to CO2 emissions, combining a purchasing process model with an existing framework that depicts the relationship between logistics and environmental effects. The results can be used by companies purchasing freight transport to support discussions aiming to reduce CO2 emissions.
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| 5. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable freight transport purchasing
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21th Annual IPSERA Conference, Naples, April 2012.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses in what way the freight transport purchasing process can influence environmental impact of freight transport. Activities in the transport purchasing process are connected to the logistical variables modal split, handling factor, average length of haul, lading factor, empty running, fuel efficiency and carbon intensity of fuel, known to be related to CO2 emissions. Specification of requirements, in particular time demands, is shown as important for the environmental impact. Multiple case studies of freight transport purchasing processes are analysed with regards to influence on the logistical variables. Relating activities in freight transport purchasing processes to logistical variables influencing the environmental impact is of importance to be able to adapt the purchasing process to accommodate environmental considerations and reduce CO2 emissions. The model developed in this paper can be used for increasing awareness among both purchasing and general managers on how purchasing freight transport can be connected to environmental impact.
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| 6. |
- Santén, Vendela, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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INFLUENCING LOAD FACTOR IN TRANSPORT OPERATIONS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the LRN Conference, Huddersfield, 3-5 September 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: One key variable for improving efficiency in freight transport systems is to increase the load factor; the ratio of the actual load carried to the maximum load that could have been carried. A high load factor in transport operations is of interest for several reasons; to lower costs and to reduce environmental impact. Shippers have a large influence on transport operations e.g. through choices concerning packaging, loading and planning. Therefore, it is of interest what opportunities there are for shippers to improve load factor. Meanwhile, there are few studies focusing on load factor. Since load factor is often one of many aspects examined when discussing wider topics, such as transport efficiency, the research on load factor is dispersed. Thus, it is difficult to get an overview of the subject, in particular to identify opportunities from a shipper’s perspective. To address the lack of overview of research on load factor as well as how specific actors, in particular shippers, can increase load factor, the purpose of this paper is to structure how academic literature has described how load factor can be influenced, with a specific focus on the role of shippers.Research approach: An extensive literature search in scholarly journals was performed on load factor terms using Summon search tool. A total of 473 articles were identified, where 29 articles discussed factors that influence load factor (determinants). Literature was categorized according to focus on load factor, actor perspective, mode of transport covered, how load factor is measured and determinants of load factor.Findings and Originality: The literature review identifies determinants of load factor within warehousing; order and delivery; packaging and loading; transport operations; information sharing and IT; and regulations. Surprisingly few studies discuss determinants, especially from the perspective of a shipper. The literature review shows a lack of detailed descriptions of determinants of load factor. Also, it is difficult to gain reliable data about load factor and consequently also compare results between studies. Suggested research areas include how shippers can increase load factor in their transports, detailed descriptions of how determinants influence load factor as well as how load factor performance can be measured; e.g. through standardized measuring methods. This research is unique since it is the first, to our knowledge, review on determinants of load factor.Research impact: This literature review contributes with an overview of the dispersed research on load factor, structured according to determinants of load factor. Areas of interest for future research are suggested.Practical impact: The overview of determinants is useful for shippers, specifically logistics managers in order to gain understanding of their role when aiming for improved load factor.
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