| 1. |
- Ericsson, Olle, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical validation of a novel automated cell-free DNA screening assay for trisomies 21, 13, and 18 in maternal plasma.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Prenatal diagnosis. - : Wiley. - 1097-0223 .- 0197-3851. ; 39:11, s. 1011-1015
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate clinical performance of a new automated cell-free (cf)DNA assay in maternal plasma screening for trisomies 21, 18, and 13, and to determine fetal sex.Maternal plasma samples from 1200 singleton pregnancies were analyzed with a new non-sequencing cfDNA method, which is based on imaging and counting specific chromosome targets. Reference outcomes were determined by either cytogenetic testing, of amniotic fluid or chorionic villi, or clinical examination of neonates.The samples examined included 158 fetal aneuploidies. Sensitivity was 100% (112/112) for trisomy 21, 89% (32/36) for trisomy 18, and 100% (10/10) for trisomy 13. The respective specificities were 100%, 99.5%, and 99.9%. There were five first pass failures (0.4%), all in unaffected pregnancies. Sex classification was performed on 979 of the samples and 99.6% (975/979) provided a concordant result.The new automated cfDNA assay has high sensitivity and specificity for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 and accurate classification of fetal sex, while maintaining a low failure rate. The study demonstrated that cfDNA testing can be simplified and automated to reduce cost and thereby enabling wider population-based screening.
|
|
| 2. |
- Henriksson, Manne, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementation of an Optimal Look-Ahead Controller in a Heavy-Duty Distribution Vehicle
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). ; , s. 2202-2207
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Controlling the longitudinal movement of heavy-duty vehicles based on optimal control can be a cost-efficient way of reducing their fuel consumption. Such controllers today mainly exist for vehicles in haulage applications, in which the velocity is allowed to deviate from a constant set-speed. For distribution vehicles, which is the focus of this paper, the desired and required velocity has large variations, which makes the situation more complex. This paper describes the implementation of an optimal controller in a real heavy-duty distribution vehicle. The optimal control problem is solved offline as a Mixed Integer Quadratic Program, which yields reference trajectories that are tracked online in the vehicle. Some important steps in the procedure of the implementation are, except for designing the controller: developing a positioning system for the test track where the experiments are performed, estimating the parameters of the resistive forces, and setting the velocity constraints. Simulations show a potential of 10% reduction in fuel consumption without increasing the trip time. Experiments are then performed in a Scania truck, with the optimal solution as reference for the existing cruise control functions in the vehicle. It is concluded that in order to verify the fuel savings experimentally, the low-level controllers in the vehicle must be modified such that the tracking error is decreased.
|
|
| 3. |
- Johansson, Kari, et al.
(författare)
-
Outcomes of pregnancy after bariatric surgery
- 2015
-
Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 372:9, s. 814-824
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity is associated with increased risks of gestational diabetes, large-for-gestational-age infants, preterm birth, congenital malformations, and stillbirth. The risks of these outcomes among women who have undergone bariatric surgery are unclear.METHODS: We identified 627,693 singleton pregnancies in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 2006 through 2011, of which 670 occurred in women who had previously undergone bariatric surgery and for whom presurgery weight was documented. For each pregnancy after bariatric surgery, up to five control pregnancies were matched for the mother's presurgery body-mass index (BMI; we used early-pregnancy BMI in the controls), age, parity, smoking history, educational level, and delivery year. We assessed the risks of gestational diabetes, large-for-gestational-age and small-for-gestational-age infants, preterm birth, stillbirth, neonatal death, and major congenital malformations.RESULTS: Pregnancies after bariatric surgery, as compared with matched control pregnancies, were associated with lower risks of gestational diabetes (1.9% vs. 6.8%; odds ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13 to 0.47; P< 0.001) and large-for-gestational-age infants (8.6% vs. 22.4%; odds ratio, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.44; P< 0.001). In contrast, they were associated with a higher risk of small-for-gestational-age infants (15.6% vs. 7.6%; odds ratio, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.64 to 2.95; P< 0.001) and shorter gestation (273.0 vs. 277.5 days; mean difference -4.5 days; 95% CI, -2.9 to -6.0; P< 0.001), although the risk of preterm birth was not significantly different (10.0% vs. 7.5%; odds ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.78; P = 0.15). The risk of stillbirth or neonatal death was 1.7% versus 0.7% (odds ratio, 2.39; 95% CI, 0.98 to 5.85; P = 0.06). There was no significant between-group difference in the frequency of congenital malformations.CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery was associated with reduced risks of gestational diabetes and excessive fetal growth, shorter gestation, an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age infants, and possibly increased mortality.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kaznov, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
-
Architecture and Safety for Autonomous Heavy Vehicles: ARCHER
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Automated Driving. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319318936 - 9783319318950 ; , s. 571-581
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machines are converging towards autonomy. The transition is driven by safety, efficiency, environmental and traditional ‘robotics automation concerns’ (dirty, dull and dangerous applications). Similar trends are seen in several domains including heavy vehicles, cars and aircraft. This transition is, however, facing multiple challenges including how to gradually evolve from current architectures to autonomous systems, limitations in legislation and safety standards, test and verification methodology and human–machine interaction.
|
|
| 5. |
- Vågesjö, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
-
Accelerated wound healing in mice by on-site production and delivery of CXCL12 by transformed lactic acid bacteria
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 115:8, s. 1895-1900
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Impaired wound closure is a growing medical problem associated with metabolic diseases and aging. Immune cells play important roles in wound healing by following instructions from the microenvironment. Here, we developed a technology to bioengineer the wound microenvironment and enhance healing abilities of the immune cells. This resulted in strongly accelerated wound healing and was achieved by transforming Lactobacilli with a plasmid encoding CXCL12. CXCL12-delivering bacteria administrated topically to wounds in mice efficiently enhanced wound closure by increasing proliferation of dermal cells and macrophages, and led to increased TGF-β expression in macrophages. Bacteria-produced lactic acid reduced the local pH, which inhibited the peptidase CD26 and consequently enhanced the availability of bioactive CXCL12. Importantly, treatment with CXCL12-delivering Lactobacilli also improved wound closure in mice with hyperglycemia or peripheral ischemia, conditions associated with chronic wounds, and in a human skin wound model. Further, initial safety studies demonstrated that the topically applied transformed bacteria exerted effects restricted to the wound, as neither bacteria nor the chemokine produced could be detected in systemic circulation. Development of drugs accelerating wound healing is limited by the proteolytic nature of wounds. Our technology overcomes this by on-site chemokine production and reduced degradation, which together ensure prolonged chemokine bioavailability that instructed local immune cells and enhanced wound healing.
|
|
