| 1. |
- Perugia, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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Gender Revealed : Evaluating the Genderedness of Furhat's Predefined Faces
- 2021
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Ingår i: Social Robotics, ICSR 2021. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030905255 - 9783030905248 ; , s. 36-47
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we employed Furhat to investigate how people attribute gender to a robot and whether the attribution of gender might elicit stereotypes already at a first impression. We involved 223 participants in an online study and asked them to rate 15 of Furhat's predefined faces in terms of femininity, masculinity, communion, and agency, and identify which facial cues they based their attribution of gender upon. Our results show that Furhat's predefined faces are attributed the same gender predicted by their names, except for one face which was perceived as androgynous. They disclose that feminine robots are perceived as less agentic than masculine robots already at a first impression, and reveal that vocal cues have higher relevance than facial cues in determining the gender attributed to a robot. Besides providing a complete account of the genderedness of Furhat's predefined faces, the present study also raises awareness of the importance of gender in the design of robots and provides a starting point to design more inclusive robotic technologies.
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| 2. |
- Rossi, Alessandra, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating Customers' Perceived Sensitivity of Information Shared with a Robot Bartender
- 2021
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Ingår i: Social Robotics, ICSR 2021. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030905255 - 9783030905248 ; , s. 119-129
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personalised experiences with service robots positively affect people's perception of the robot and, consequently, foster the success of the interaction. This implies that people need to share their personal information with the robot, which could let people feel uneasy when such interactions happen in public spaces or in the presence of strangers. Therefore, it is difficult for a service robot to personalise a human-robot interaction (HRI) when this can lead to a breach of privacy. As a first step, the current study investigated people's perception of the sensitivity of various categories of potentially private personal information that are likely to be used by a service robot in a public business, such as a bar. We conducted a questionnaire-based study, where participants rated 15 personal information that they could share with either a human or robot bartender. The potentially private information was rated by participants according to their level of sensitivity. We analysed responses from 76 participants. We clearly identified information that are perceived as highly sensitive, such as those related to a person's identity (e.g. sexual orientation, political beliefs), and as low in sensitivity, such as those related to personal interests (e.g. sports, TV shows). Our findings also showed that older people consider sharing their preference of drinks more sensitive than younger people, especially when the bartender is a robot. We did not find significant differences in users' ratings due to their gender.
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| 3. |
- Bott, Lukas Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Coulomb dissociation of O-16 into He-4 and C-12
- 2023
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN ASTROPHYSICS - X, NPA-X 2022. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X. ; 279
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured the Coulomb dissociation of O-16 into He-4 and C-12 within the FAIR Phase-0 program at GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt, Germany. From this we will extract the photon dissociation cross section O-16(alpha,gamma)C-12, which is the time reversed reaction to C-12(alpha,gamma)O-16. With this indirect method, we aim to improve on the accuracy of the experimental data at lower energies than measured so far. The expected low cross section for the Coulomb dissociation reaction and close magnetic rigidity of beam and fragments demand a high precision measurement. Hence, new detector systems were built and radical changes to the (RB)-B-3 setup were necessary to cope with the high-intensity O-16 beam. All tracking detectors were designed to let the unreacted O-16 ions pass, while detecting the C-12 and He-4.
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| 4. |
- De Santis, Emiliano, PhD, et al.
(författare)
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Is styrene competitive for dopamine receptor binding?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biomolecular Concepts. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 1868-503X. ; 13:1, s. 200-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential role of styrene oxide in altering the dopaminergic pathway in the ear is investigated by means of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. We estimate the binding affinity of both styrene oxide and dopamine to the dopaminergic receptor DrD2 by computing the free-energy difference, ∆G, between the configuration where the ligand is bound to the receptor and the situation in which it is “infinitely” far away from it. The results show that the styrene oxide has a somewhat lower affinity for binding with respect to dopamine, which, however, may not be enough to prevent exogenous high concentration styrene oxide to compete with endogenous dopamine for DrD2 binding.
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| 5. |
- Djuric, Olivera, et al.
(författare)
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Budget impact analysis of introducing digital breast tomosynthesis in breast cancer screening in Italy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Radiologia Medica. - 0033-8362. ; 129:9, s. 1288-1302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study quantifies the impact on budget and cost per health benefit of implementing digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in place of digital mammography (DM) for breast cancer screening among asymptomatic women in Italy. Methods: A budget impact analysis and a cost consequence analysis were conducted using parameters from the MAITA project and literature. The study considered four scenarios for DBT implementation, i.e., DBT for all women, DBT for women aged 45–49 years, DBT based on breast density (BI-RADS C + D or D only), and compared these to the current DM screening. Healthcare provider's perspective was adopted, including screening, diagnosis, and cancer treatment costs. Results: Introducing DBT for all women would increase overall screening costs by 20%. Targeting DBT to women aged 45–49 years or with dense breasts would result in smaller cost increases (3.2% for age-based and 1.4–10.7% for density-based scenarios). The cost per avoided interval cancer was significantly higher when DBT was applied to all women compared to targeted approaches. The cost per gained early-detected cancer slightly increases in targeted approaches, while the assumptions on the clinical significance and overdiagnosis of cancers detected by DBT and not by DM have a strong impact. Conclusions: Implementing DBT as a primary breast cancer test in screening programs in Italy would lead to a substantial increase in costs. Tailoring DBT use to women aged 45–49 or with dense breasts could enhance the feasibility and sustainability of the intervention. Further research is needed to clarify the impact of DBT on overdiagnosis and the long-term outcomes.
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| 6. |
- Falzarano, Maria Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Urine-Derived Stem Cells Express 571 Neuromuscular Disorders Causing Genes, Making Them a Potential in vitro Model for Rare Genetic Diseases
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physiology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1664-042X. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, caused by mutations in genes involved in spinal cord, peripheral nerve, neuromuscular junction, and muscle functions. To advance the knowledge of the pathological mechanisms underlying NMDs and to eventually identify new potential drugs paving the way for personalized medicine, limitations regarding the availability of neuromuscular disease-related biological samples, rarely accessible from patients, are a major challenge. & nbsp; Aim: We characterized urinary stem cells (USCs) by in-depth transcriptome and protein profiling to evaluate whether this easily accessible source of patient-derived cells is suitable to study neuromuscular genetic diseases, focusing especially on those currently involved in clinical trials. & nbsp; Methods: The global transcriptomics of either native or MyoD transformed USCs obtained from control individuals was performed by RNA-seq. The expression of 610 genes belonging to 16 groups of disorders () whose mutations cause neuromuscular diseases, was investigated on the RNA-seq output. In addition, protein expression of 11 genes related to NMDs including COL6A, EMD, LMNA, SMN, UBA1, DYNC1H1, SOD1, C9orf72, DYSF, DAG1, and HTT was analyzed in native USCs by immunofluorescence and/or Western blot (WB). & nbsp; Results: RNA-seq profile of control USCs shows that 571 out of 610 genes known to be involved in NMDs, are expressed in USCs. Interestingly, the expression levels of the majority of NMD genes remain unmodified following USCs MyoD transformation. Most genes involved in the pathogenesis of all 16 groups of NMDs are well represented except for channelopathies and malignant hyperthermia related genes. All tested proteins showed high expression values, suggesting consistency between transcription and protein representation in USCs. & nbsp; Conclusion: Our data suggest that USCs are human cells, obtainable by non-invasive means, which might be used as a patient-specific cell model to study neuromuscular disease-causing genes and that they can be likely adopted for a variety of in vitro functional studies such as mutation characterization, pathway identification, and drug screening.
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| 7. |
- Gobel, K., et al.
(författare)
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Coulomb dissociation of 16O into 4He and 12C
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 1668:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured the Coulomb dissociation of 16O into 4He and 12C at the R3B setup in a first campaign within FAIR Phase 0 at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt. The goal was to improve the accuracy of the experimental data for the 12C(a,?)16O fusion reaction and to reach lower center-ofmass energies than measured so far. The experiment required beam intensities of 109 16O ions per second at an energy of 500 MeV/nucleon. The rare case of Coulomb breakup into 12C and 4He posed another challenge: The magnetic rigidities of the particles are so close because of the same mass-To-charge-number ratio A/Z = 2 for 16O, 12C and 4He. Hence, radical changes of the R3B setup were necessary. All detectors had slits to allow the passage of the unreacted 16O ions, while 4He and 12C would hit the detectors' active areas depending on the scattering angle and their relative energies. We developed and built detectors based on organic scintillators to track and identify the reaction products with sufficient precision.
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| 8. |
- Heil, M., et al.
(författare)
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A new Time-of-flight detector for the R 3 B setup
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-601X .- 1434-6001. ; 58:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the design, prototype developments and test results of the new time-of-flight detector (ToFD) which is part of the R3B experimental setup at GSI and FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany. The ToFD detector is able to detect heavy-ion residues of all charges at relativistic energies with a relative energy precision σΔE/ ΔE of up to 1% and a time precision of up to 14 ps (sigma). Together with an elaborate particle-tracking system, the full identification of relativistic ions from hydrogen up to uranium in mass and nuclear charge is possible.
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| 9. |
- Jin, Shoko, et al.
(författare)
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The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE : Survey design, overview, and simulated implementation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 530:3, s. 2688-2730
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, saw first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-deg field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366-959nm at R similar to 5000, or two shorter ranges at . After summarizing the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organization, science drivers, and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for similar to 3 million stars and detailed abundances for similar to 1.5 million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey similar to 0.4 million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects, and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey similar to 400 neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionized gas in z < 0.5 cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in field galaxies at 0.3 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 0.7; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star formation using >1 million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; and (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at z > 2. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.
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| 10. |
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