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- Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Paradoxical intention for insomnia : A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; , s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Paradoxical intention (PI) has been considered an evidence-based treatment for insomnia since the 1990s, but it has not been evaluated with modern review techniques such as meta-analysis. The present study aimed to conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that explore the effectiveness of PI for insomnia on insomnia symptomatology and theory-derived processes. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching for eligible articles or dissertations in six online bibliographic databases. Randomised controlled trials and experimental studies comparing PI for insomnia to active and passive comparators and assessing insomnia symptoms as outcomes were included. A random effects model was estimated to determine the standardised mean difference Hedge's g at post-treatment. Test for heterogeneity was performed, fail-safe N was calculated, and study quality was assessed. The study was pre-registered at International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42019137357). A total of 10 trials were identified. Compared to passive comparators, PI led to large improvements in key insomnia symptoms. Relative to active comparators, the improvements were smaller, but still moderate for several central outcomes. Compared to passive comparators, PI resulted in great reductions in sleep-related performance anxiety, one of several proposed mechanisms of change for PI. PI for insomnia resulted in marked clinical improvements, large relative to passive comparators and moderate compared to active comparators. However, methodologically stronger studies are needed before more firm conclusions can be drawn.
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- Oscarsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Developing an internet-based stress-management program for working adults with ADHD
- 2022
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Ingår i: Abstracts from the 11th Swedish Congress on internet interventions (SWEsrii), Gothenburg, Sweden, 23-24 May 2022. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. ; , s. 9-9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The proportion of sickness absence due to psychiatric diagnoses has increased drastically. It is reasonable to assume that ADHD adults are overly represented in these cases. Thus, it is urgent to manage and prevent work-related mental illness in this population. Yet, the possibilities of doing so have not been studied extensively. Therefore, this project evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and effects of an internet-based stress-management program developed specifically for this at-risk population. In this presentation, the protocol for developing and assessing the program is presented, including ADHD adults’ attitudes toward the program and comparing current interventions.Methods: To assess attitudes toward the program, transcripts from 20 interviews with ADHD adults were explored using descriptive thematic analysis. The interviews focused on the scope, content, and duration of the proposed intervention and the design and possible inclusion of therapist support. The program will be based on existing support and interventions for ADHD adults. The development will include a thorough assessment of previous research, including quantitative and qualitative studies, meta-analyses, and literature reviews. The most relevant and effective material will be adapted to the internet format and the ADHD-adult population.Results and discussion: This project will further the knowledge of possible ways to manage and prevent work-related mental illness among ADHD adults, including related sickness absence. If the proposed program shows promising results, it could quickly be made available to caregivers and/or the public, conceivably conserving considerable resources for individuals, employers, and society.
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