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Larger pupil dilati...
Larger pupil dilation to nonsocial sounds in infants with subsequent autism diagnosis
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- Rudling, Maja (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi
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- Nyström, Pär, 1975- (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi
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- Bölte, Sven (författare)
- Karolinska Institutet
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- Falck-Ytter, Terje (författare)
- Karolinska Institutet,Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Kollegiet för avancerade studier (SCAS),Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-09-13
- 2022
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-9630 .- 1469-7610. ; 63:7, s. 793-801
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Background Studies of infants with an elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder can identify basic developmental processes that are associated with subsequently emerging clinical symptoms. Atypical responsiveness to sounds in infancy is such a potential early marker of autism. Here, we used pupillometry to quantify reactivity to social and nonsocial sounds in infants with a subsequent diagnosis. Previous research suggest that pupil dilation reflects attentional alerting, and link it to the locus coeruleus norepinephrine system. Methods We measured pupil dilation responses to child-directed speech and the sound of running water; sounds infants often hear in their everyday life. The final sample consisted of 99 ten-month-old infants (52 girls), of whom 68 had an elevated likelihood of autism and 31 were typically developing low-likelihood infants. At follow-up (36 months of age), 18 children in the elevated-likelihood group were diagnosed with autism. Results Compared to infants without diagnosis, the infants who were subsequently diagnosed with autism had larger pupil dilation when listening to nonsocial sounds, while reactivity to speech was strikingly similar between groups. In the total sample, more pupil dilation to the nonsocial sound was associated with higher levels of autistic symptoms. We also found that on a trial-by-trial basis, across all conditions and groups, more pupil dilation was associated with making fewer gaze shifts. Conclusions This study did not find evidence of atypical pupillary reactivity to child-directed speech early in life in autism. Instead, the results suggest that certain nonsocial sounds elicit atypically strong alerting responses in infants with a subsequent autism diagnosis. These findings may have important theoretical and clinical implications.
Ämnesord
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Psychology (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Autism spectrum disorder
- infancy
- auditory attention
- pupil dilation
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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