| 1. |
- Cummins, D., et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafast electrochromic windows based on redox-chromophore modified nanostructured semiconducting and conducting films
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5647 .- 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 104:48, s. 11449-11459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Described is the construction of an ultrafast electrochromic window. One electrode of this window is based on a transparent nanostructured TiO2 (anatase) film (4.0 mum. thick) supported on conducting glass (F-doped tin oxide, 10 Ohm cm(-2), 0.5 mum thick) and modified by chemisorption of a monolayer of the redox chromophore bis(2-phosphonoethyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride. The other electrode is based on a transparent nanostructured SnO2 film (3.0 mum thick) supported on conducting glass (F-doped tin oxide, 10 Ohm cm-2, 0.5 mum thick) and modified by chemisorption of a monolayer of the redox chromophore [beta-(10-phenothiazyl)propoxy]phosphonic acid. The electrolyte used is LiClO4 (0.2 mol dm(-3)) in gamma -butyrolactone. The excellent performance of a 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm window over 10 000 electrochromic test cycles-switching times (coloring and bleaching) of less than 250 ms, coloration efficiency of 270 cm(2) C-1, steady-state currents (colored and bleached) of less than 6 muA cm(-2), and memory of greater than 600 s (time required for low end transmittance to increase by 5%)-suggest a practical technology.
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| 2. |
- Germain, K, et al.
(författare)
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Colonisation of poplar trees by gfp-expressing bacterial endophytes
- 2004
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - 0168-6496. ; 48:1, s. 109-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the exception of nitrogen fixing bacteria, there is little known about the colonisation patterns or population sizes of bacterial endophytes in deciduous trees. This study describes the isolation, identification, construction and re-colonisation patterns of three green fluorescent protein(gfp):kanamycinR labelled bacterial endophytes when re-introduced into poplar trees, their original host plant. Two of these endophytes showed considerable colonisation in the roots and stems of inoculated plants. gfp expressing cells of all three strains were observed to colonise the xylem tissue of the root. All three strains proved to be efficient rhizosphere colonisers, supporting the theory that the rhizosphere can serve as a source of bacterial endophytes.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ryan, D, et al.
(författare)
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Heterosupramolecular chemistry : Recognition Initiated and Inhibited Silver Nanocrystal Aggregation
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 122:26, s. 6252-6257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Near size-monodisperse silver nanocrystals stabilized by chemisorption of a mixture of an alkane thiol (85%) and an alkane thiol incorporating a dibenzo-24-crown-8 moiety (15%) have been prepared. Using dynamic light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance, it is shown that addition of bis-dibenzylammonium dication initiates aggregation of the silver nanocrystal dispersion by pseudorotaxane assembly. It is also shown that addition of excess dibenzylammonium cation or dibenzo-24-crown-8 inhibits further aggregation. This novel demonstration of controlled nanocrystal aggregation points the way toward the programmed assembly of complex nanocrystal architectures in solution.
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| 5. |
- Ryan, D, et al.
(författare)
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Programmed assembly of binary nanostructures in solution
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 106:21, s. 5371-5377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Near size-monodisperse silver nanocrystals and silica nanospheres have been prepared and surface-modified with the [2]pseudorotaxane recognition motifs, dibenzo[24]crown-8 and dibenzylammonium cation, respectively. The silver nanocrystals, 7 nm in diameter, are shown to recognize and bind to the silica nanospheres, 180 nm in diameter, via pseudorotaxane formation. The result is the templated assembly of silver nanocrystals at the surface of the larger silica nanosphere core. This composite material exhibits optical properties that are a consequence of localizing silver nanocrystals at the surface of the silica nanospheres. The templating process is also shown to be reversible. This noncovalent recognition-directed templating strategy represents a novel metallization process resulting in the formation of composite media whose collective properties can be controlled.
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| 6. |
- Ziegler, K., et al.
(författare)
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The synthesis of matrices of embedded semiconducting nanowires
- 2004
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Ingår i: Faraday discussions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-6640 .- 1364-5498. ; 125, s. 311-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we report how single crystal nanowires can be assembled into regular arrays using mesoporous thin films to define the architecture. Mesoporous thin films were prepared by a sol-gel method. These provide films of very regular structure and dimensions. The films produced in this way have almost single crystal like structures and can also exhibit strong epitaxy to the underlying silicon substrate. The films are subjected to a supercritical fluid (SCF) environment in which a precursor is decomposed to yield nanowires of metals, semiconductors or oxides. Using these SCF conditions, pore filling is complete and the products are nanowires which are single crystals and structurally aligned in one direction. The growth mechanism of the nanowires is described and size effects discussed.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Forséni, M., et al.
(författare)
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Detection and localization of interleukin-6 in the rat middle ear during experimental acute otitis media, using mRNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. - 0165-5876 .- 1872-8464. ; 57:2, s. 115-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Otitis media is one of the most common diseases among children. A well-known sequela of acute, chronic, and secretory otitis media is tympanosclerosis. With the exception of surgery, there is no causal treatment available for this condition, which may cause hearing disabilities. This study aimed to describe the localization of interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA and its gene product in the rat middle ear during pneumococcal otitis media. IL-6 is known to be involved in inflammatory and bone remodeling processes. METHODS: Using an experimental model of pneumococcal acute otitis media, the expression of interleukin IL-6, was analyzed. Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed at different time points varying from 1 h to 6 days intervals after inoculation. The middle ears were analyzed by messenger RNA in situ hybridization, and by immunohistochemistry with cell-type specific antibodies directed against IL-6. RESULTS: Transcripts of IL-6 were observed only on day 1 post-inoculation, whereas the final gene product was observed at all intervals after inoculation. IL-6 was localized in the bony part of the bulla nearest to the mucosa, around mucosal vessels, and in the ciliae of the mucosal epithelium. The results demonstrated that IL-6 was synthesized locally as early as 1 h after bacterial middle ear challenge, and that although transcription could not be detected after 24 h, the cytokine product persisted for at least 5 days after the infection was introduced. CONCLUSIONS: IL-6 was shown to be produced early in the inflammatory process during induced pneumococcal otitis media in the rat. No production was seen after 24 h although the protein remained in the tissue for at least 5 days. IL-6 could initiate a differentiation of macrophages to osteoclasts and thereby participate in a bone remodeling process leading to tympanosclerosis development.
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| 10. |
- Li, Jian-Liang, et al.
(författare)
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A genome scan for modifiers of age at onset in Huntington disease : The HD MAPS study.
- 2003
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 73:3, s. 682-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Huntington disease (HD) is caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat within the coding region of a novel gene on 4p16.3. Although the variation in age at onset is partly explained by the size of the expanded repeat, the unexplained variation in age at onset is strongly heritable (h2=0.56), which suggests that other genes modify the age at onset of HD. To identify these modifier loci, we performed a 10-cM density genomewide scan in 629 affected sibling pairs (295 pedigrees and 695 individuals), using ages at onset adjusted for the expanded and normal CAG repeat sizes. Because all those studied were HD affected, estimates of allele sharing identical by descent at and around the HD locus were adjusted by a positionally weighted method to correct for the increased allele sharing at 4p. Suggestive evidence for linkage was found at 4p16 (LOD=1.93), 6p21-23 (LOD=2.29), and 6q24-26 (LOD=2.28), which may be useful for investigation of genes that modify age at onset of HD.
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