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- Sæther, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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The art(s) of getting lost : Halting places for culturally responsive research methods
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Politics of Diversity in Music Education. - 2214-0069 .- 1573-4528. - 9783030656164 - 9783030656195 - 9783030656171 ; , s. 15-27
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter revisits the ideas of radical empiricism and sensuous scholarship, embedded in current music education research. Focusing on the development of methodological implications of cultural responsiveness and arts-based research methods, the chapter argues for epistemic openness. The discussion is located within the author’s own experiences of course development for Swedish music teacher students in Gambia, field studies in multicultural classrooms in Sweden, and research design that includes the fiddle, opening up for music to ask the questions. Borrowing from anthropological research the concepts of radical empiricism and sensuous scholarship, music education researchers might find useful tools to approach project planning, to perform the analysis of the material and to communicate the results in culturally responsive forms that inform both research and praxis. By studying music transmission with culturally sensitive research methods, this chapter suggests possibilities to do more than observing and reporting. There is a possibility to engage with different knowledge systems and politics, in all types of retrieved material – and to generate inclusive knowledge building.
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- Kristjánsdóttir, Helga, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Association of three systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility factors, PD-1.3A, C4AQ0, and low levels of mannan-binding lectin, with autoimmune manifestations in Icelandic multicase systemic lupus erythematosus families
- 2008
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - : Wiley. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 58:12, s. 3865-3872
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies in Icelandic multicase systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) families and to determine the association of 3 SLE susceptibility factors, PD-1.3A, C4AQ0, and low levels of mannan-binding lectin (MBL), with autoimmune disease in this population. Methods: Eight SLE multicase families were studied, comprising a total of 124 family members (23 patients with SLE and 101 relatives). The diagnosis of an autoimmune disease was established and autoantibodies were measured in each family. In addition, PD-1.3A alleles were genotyped, and C4AQ0 allotypes were established by electrophoresis and haplotype analysis. Low levels of MBL were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and variant-allele genotyping. Results: In the SLE multicase families there was a high frequency of other autoimmune diseases (32.2%) and a high frequency of autoantibodies (53.2%). Of all family members, 59.7% were determined to have SLE, other autoimmune diseases, antinuclear antibodies, and/or other autoantibodies. The families showed genetic heterogeneity for PD-1.3A, C4AQ0, and low MBL levels; the frequency of each factor ranged from 0% to 85%. The frequencies of PD-1.3A and C4AQ0 were significantly increased in patients with SLE, relatives with other autoimmune diseases, and non-autoimmune disease relatives compared with controls. In the 7 families whose members had low levels of MBL, this factor was significantly associated with SLE, but the frequency of low MBL was decreased in relatives with other autoimmune diseases as compared with non-autoimmune disease relatives and controls. There were indications of an additive effect, and 91% of patients with SLE, 78% of relatives with other autoimmune diseases, and 75% of non-autoimmune disease relatives carried at least 1 of the 3 factors. Conclusion: These results demonstrate a high frequency of autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies in SLE multicase families. PD-1.3A and C4AQ0 are part of a predisposing genetic background. Other genetic and/or environmental factors are necessary for disease expression, demonstrated by a high frequency of PD-1.3A and C4AQ0 in non-autoimmune disease relatives. Low MBL levels may be one such contributing factor. The results of this study provide an example of epistatic genetic effects and overlapping genetics in autoimmune diseases.
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- Mijwel, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Exercise on Chemotherapy Completion and Hospitalization Rates : The OptiTrain Breast Cancer Trial.
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Oncologist. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1083-7159 .- 1549-490X. ; 25:1, s. 23-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Exercise during chemotherapy is suggested to provide clinical benefits, including improved chemotherapy completion. Despite this, few randomized controlled exercise trials have reported on such clinical endpoints. From the OptiTrain trial we previously showed positive effects on physiological and health-related outcomes after 16 weeks of supervised exercise in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Here, we examined the effects of exercise on rates of chemotherapy completion and hospitalization, as well as on blood cell concentrations during chemotherapy.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred forty women scheduled for chemotherapy were randomized to 16 weeks of resistance and high-intensity interval training (RT-HIIT), moderate-intensity aerobic and high-intensity interval training (AT-HIIT), or usual care (UC). Outcomes included chemotherapy completion, hospitalization, hemoglobin, lymphocyte, thrombocyte, and neutrophil concentrations during chemotherapy.RESULTS: No significant between-groups differences were found in the proportion of participants who required dose reductions (RT-HIIT vs. UC: odds ratio [OR], 1.08; AT-HIIT vs. UC: OR, 1.39), or average relative dose intensity of chemotherapy between groups (RT-HIIT vs. UC: effect size [ES], 0.08; AT-HIIT vs. UC: ES, -0.07). A significantly lower proportion of participants in the RT-HIIT group (3%) were hospitalized during chemotherapy compared with UC (15%; OR, 0.20). A significantly lower incidence of thrombocytopenia was found for both RT-HIIT (11%) and AT-HIIT (10%) versus UC (30%; OR, 0.27; OR, 0.27).CONCLUSION: No beneficial effects of either RT-HIIT or AT-HIIT on chemotherapy completion rates were found. However, combined resistance training and high-intensity interval training were effective to reduce hospitalization rates, and both exercise groups had a positive effect on thrombocytopenia. These are important findings with potential positive implications for the health of women with breast cancer and costs associated with treatment-related complications.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Completing the prescribed chemotherapy regimen is strongly associated with a good prognosis for patients with primary breast cancer. Despite this, treatment-induced side effects make it necessary to reduce or alter the treatment regimen and can also lead to hospitalization. Exercise during chemotherapy is suggested to provide clinical benefits, including improved chemotherapy completion. This study showed that combined resistance and high-intensity interval training during chemotherapy resulted in lower hospitalization rates and a lower incidence of thrombocytopenia in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. However, no beneficial effects of either exercise program on chemotherapy completion rates were found, which is in contrast to previous findings in this population. The findings reported in the current article have positive implications for the health of women with breast cancer and costs associated with treatment-related complications.
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- Ferholt, Beth, et al.
(författare)
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Playworlds and Reggio Emilia-Inspired Swedish Preschool Pedagogy : Imaginative Education in Preschool Didactics
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this presentation we will present several projects that have taken place over the past year in three Swedish preschools. These preschools are inspired by approaches developed in the internationally-known preschools of Reggio Emilia, Italy and these preschools have been participating in a research project that combines their own pedagogy of exploratory learning with an educational activity, a form of adult-child joint play, called playworlds. Playworlds were originally developed by Swedish scholar Gunilla Lindqvist to study what she called the common denominator of art and play, have been further developed by Finnish scholar Pentti Hakkarainen and are based in L. S. Vygotsky’s theories play and creativity. The Swedish playworld projects that we will present can be considered to be forms of Imaginative Education particularly in their incorporation of cognitive tools for mythic understanding. Through their use of these tools they demonstrate the centrality of imagination in preschool “learning.”Further information on the presentation:This presentation will include films and slides so that our audience develops an experiential appreciation of the unique qualities of these projects. We will highlight the use of story, metaphor and abstract binary oppositions in these projects. We will use our understanding of Vygotsky’s theories of play and creativity, in which imagination and creativity are aspects of the same process, and in which this process is embodied, for young children, in play, to show the ways that these play projects were an integral part of the exploratory learning that was taking place in these preschools. In our discussion of the projects we will explore with our audience the ways that the connections between imagination and learning can be understood by challenging the common divide between realistic thinking and fantasy. This divide is, we believe, at the core of positions that dismiss or overlook the centrality of imagination in “learning”. Early childhood is often officially ignored by such positions but, we will argue, preschool didactics is still profoundly (and (possibly increasingly) influenced by this divide.
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