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- Saito, A, et al.
(författare)
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Conjugate observations of the mid-latitude electric field fluctuations with the MU radar and the Freja satellite
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. - 1364-6826 .- 1879-1824. ; 60:1, s. 129-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conjugate Freja satellite and MU radar observations were conducted from 1993 to 1995 to clarify the generation mechanism of mid-latitude electric field fluctuations (MEFs) which were found from DE-2 satellite observations. The detection of MEFs at higher altitudes than 1000 km by the Freja satellite confirms that the MEFs are transmitted along the geomagnetic held line without any significant damping. On one night of such conjugate observations, MEFs were observed in a traveling ionospheric disturbance (TID). On the other nights when the MEFs were observed by Freja, large scale density structures in the ionosphere were observed with the MU radar. Spread-F phenomena were also observed by ionosondes associated with these structures. The large scale modulation of the ionosphere, such as TIDs, might cause small scale modulations which grow through ionospheric instabilities. The linear growth rate is evaluated using a set of equations describing the growth of the mid-latitude ionospheric irregularities. The growth rate is shown to be too small under average conditions; however, when the neutral wind in TIDs is included, it is large enough to generate MEFs. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Sawa, H, et al.
(författare)
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Spatiotemporal expression of C-CAM in the rat placenta
- 1997
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Ingår i: The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-1554. ; 45:7, s. 1021-1034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the expression of the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule, C-CAM, in developing and mature rat placenta. By immunohistochemical staining at the light microscopic level, no C-CAM-expression was seen before Day 9 of gestation, when it appeared in the trophoblasts of ectoplacental cones. On Day 10.5, spongiotrophoblasts and invasive trophoblasts around the maternal vessels of the decidua basalis were stained positively. On Day 12.5, C-CAM was detected in the spongiotrophoblasts of the junctional layer, but labyrinth trophoblasts and secondary giant trophoblasts were not stained. On Day 17.5, C-CAM was found only in the labyrinth and lacunae of the junctional layer. At this stage, both the labyrinth cytotrophoblasts of the maternal blood vessels and the endothelial cells of the embryonic capillaries were strongly stained. Placental tissues from gestational Days 12.5 and 17.5 were analyzed by immunoelectron microscopy to determine the location of C-CAM at the subcellular level. On Day 12.5, positive staining of the spongiotrophoblasts was observed, mainly on surface membranes and microvilli between loosely associated cells. On Day 17.5, staining was found primarily on the microvilli of the maternal luminal surfaces of the labyrinth cytotrophoblasts, and both on the luminal surface and in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells of the embryonic vessels. RT-PCR analysis and Southern blotting of the PCR products revealed expression of mRNA species for both of the major isoforms, C-CAM1 and C-CAM2. Immunoblotting analysis of C-CAM isolated from 12.5-day and 14.5-day placentae showed that it appeared as a broad band with an apparent molecular mass of 110–170 kD. In summary, C-CAM was strongly expressed in a specific spatiotemporal pattern in trophoblasts actively involved in formation of the placental tissue, suggesting an important role in placental development. In the mature placenta, C-CAM expression was confined to the trophoblastic and endothelial cells lining the maternal and embryonic vessels, respectively, suggesting important functions in placental physiology.
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- Spies, W, et al.
(författare)
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Recombination experiments at CRYRING
- 1998
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Ingår i: Hyperfine Interactions. - 0304-3843. ; 114:1-4, s. 237-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent advances in studies of electron-ion recombination processes at low relative energies with the electron cooler of the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING are shown. Through the use of an adiabatically expanded electron beam, collisions down to 10(-4) eV relative energies were measured with highly charged ions stored in the ring at around 15 MeV/amu energies. Examples of recombination measurements for bare ions of D+, He2+, N7+, Ne10+ and Si14+ are presented. Further on, results of an experiment measuring laser-induced recombination (LIR) into n = 3 states of deuterium with polarized laser light are shown.
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- Tamura, K, et al.
(författare)
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Fibronectin stimulates transcription of the platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Biochemical and biophysical research communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X. ; 251:3, s. 677-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fibronectin seems to play an important role in promoting the characteristic changes of vascular smooth muscle cells in diabetes mellitus including overexpression of the platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor. To determine the regulatory mechanism of the beta-receptor by fibronectin, we have analyzed the effect of fibronectin on the expression of the beta-receptor in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells using the beta-receptor promoter/luciferase expression vector system. Fibronectin was found to stimulate the expression of the beta-receptor at the transcriptional level. Both a MEK1 inhibitor PD98059 and a tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A significantly inhibited the fibronectin-stimulated receptor transcription. Herbimycin A also completely inhibited the fibronectin-stimulated increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. These data suggest the involvement of the integrin-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway downstream of fibronectin stimulation in the activation process of the beta-receptor promoter.
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