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- Coury, H. J. C. G., et al.
(författare)
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Change in knee kinematics during gait after eccentric isokinetic training for quadriceps in subjects submitted to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
- 2006
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Ingår i: Gait & Posture. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2219 .- 0966-6362. ; 24:3, s. 370-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knee kinematics after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is of interest in studies evaluating the effect of training programs. Many studies have addressed knee flexion/extension but not valgus/varus movements. Considering that joint stability is a major concern in ACL reconstruction surgery, movements occurring in the frontal plane of the knee also deserve attention. Knee extensor torque was analyzed by an isokinetic dynamometer and the angular amplitudes and velocities of flexion/extension and valgus/varus movements were analyzed by goniometry during gait 9 months after ACL reconstruction. The analysis was repeated after 3 months of eccentric isokinefic training of the quadriceps in five patients. The gait pattern was also recorded for 10 healthy controls. The knee extensor torque and flexion/extension range of movement during gait increased significantly after training. However, an unexpectedly increased valgus, most pronounced during the swing phase, which may imply adverse effects on the knee, was also observed in the ACL reconstructed knee. The recorded valgus angles may however be overestimated due to crosstalk. Thus, the extent of the increased valgus, as well as the mechanisms involved and the functional and clinical implications, need clarification before eccentric training after ACL reconstruction can be generally recommended. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Ocke, M. C., et al.
(författare)
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Energy intake and sources of energy intake in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 63:4s, s. 3-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To describe energy intake and its macronutrient and food sources among 27 regions in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Methods: Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 subjects aged 35-74 years were administered a standardized 24-h dietary recall. Intakes of macronutrients (g/day) and energy (kcal/day) were estimated using standardized national nutrient databases. Mean intakes were weighted by season and day of the week and were adjusted for age, height and weight, after stratification by gender. Extreme low- and high-energy reporters were identified using Goldberg's cutoff points (ratio of energy intake and estimated basal metabolic rate <0.88 or >2.72), and their effects on macronutrient and energy intakes were studied. Results: Low-energy reporting was more prevalent in women than in men. The exclusion of extreme-energy reporters substantially lowered the EPIC-wide range in mean energy intake from 2196-2877 to 2309-2866 kcal among men. For women, these ranges were 1659-2070 and 1873-2108 kcal. There was no north-south gradient in energy intake or in the prevalence of low-energy reporting. In most centres, cereals and cereal products were the largest contributors to energy intake. The food groups meat, dairy products and fats and oils were also important energy sources. In many centres, the highest mean energy intakes were observed on Saturdays. Conclusions: These data highlight and quantify the variations and similarities in energy intake and sources of energy intake among 10 European countries. The prevalence of low-energy reporting indicates that the study of energy intake is hampered by the problem of underreporting. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63, S3-S15; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.72
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- Poletto, P. R., et al.
(författare)
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Peak torque and knee kinematics during gait after eccentric isokinetic training of quadriceps in healthy subjects
- 2008
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Ingår i: Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia. - 1809-9246. ; 12:4, s. 331-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the effects of eccentric isokinetic training on knee range of motion (ROM) of healthy subjects. Methods: The knee extensor and flexor isokinetic peak torques and ROM of flexion/extension and varus/valgus knee movements during gait of 18 healthy men (21.7 +/- 2.2 years; 1.73 +/- 0.10m; 68.7 +/- 9.4kg; body mass index: 22.6 +/- 2 kg/m(2)) were analyzed, before and after six weeks of bilateral eccentric isokinetic training of the knee extensors at 30 degrees/s. Results: The knee extensor torque increased in both limbs (right, from 229 +/- 54 to 304 +/- 53Nm; p<0.01; and left, from 228 +/- 59 to 311 +/- 63Nm; p<0.01), without any difference in torque gain between them. The knee flexor peak torque increased (from 114 +/- 30 to 123 +/- 22Nm; p<0.05), but the hamstrings/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio decreased (from 0.5 +/- 0.08 to 0.39 +/- 0.07; p<0.01) after the training. There were no differences in the flexion/extension and varus/valgus movements after the training, except for a small change (4 degrees) in valgus for the left knee, Conclusions: The eccentric isokinetic training of the knee extensors increased the extensor torque and decreased the H/Q ratio, although the effect on the gait pattern seemed negligible in healthy subjects. Associated training for flexors, complementary to the extensor training, seems to be necessary for balance between knee agonists and antagonists.
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