| 1. |
- Iderberg, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting clinical outcome and length of sick leave after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis in Sweden : a multi-register evaluation
- 2019
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Ingår i: European spine journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-6719 .- 1432-0932. ; 28:6, s. 1423-1432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) can be surgically treated, with variable outcome. Studies have linked socioeconomic factors to outcome, but no nation-wide studies have been performed. This register-based study, including all patients surgically treated for LSS during 2008-2012 in Sweden, aimed to determine predictive factors for the outcome of surgery.Methods: Clinical and socioeconomic factors with impact on outcome in LSS surgery were identified in several high-coverage registers, e.g., the national quality registry for spine surgery (Swespine, FU-rate 70-90%). Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to assess their effect on outcome. Two patient-reported outcome measures, Global Assessment of leg pain (GA) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), as well as length of sick leave after surgery were analyzed.Results: Clinical and socioeconomic factors significantly affected health outcome (both GA and ODI). Some predictors of a good outcome (ODI) were: being born in the EU, reporting no back pain at baseline, a high disposable income and a high educational level. Some factors predicting a worse outcome were previous surgery, having had back pain more than 2years, having comorbidities, being a smoker, being on social welfare and being unemployed.Conclusions: The study highlights the relevance of adding socioeconomic factors to clinical factors for analysis of patient-reported outcomes, although the causal pathway of most predictors' impact is unknown. These findings should be further investigated in the perspective of treatment selection for individual LSS patients. The study also presents a foundation of case mix algorithms for predicting outcome of surgery for LSS.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Johnn, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Shaping factors in the emergence of technological innovations: The case of tidal kite technology
- 2018
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Ingår i: Technological Forecasting and Social Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 132, s. 191-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technological innovation systems (TIS) literature offers a detailed and dynamic understanding of factors that enable successful innovation. However, few studies analyze what determines where in space value chain elements are developed as a new technology is diffused on a large scale. The purpose of this paper is to show how the TIS approach can be used to identify and analyze factors that shape spatial trajectories of emerging technologies. It proposes an adapted analytical framework that expands the conventional focus on one-dimensional supporting and blocking factors, to shaping factors that incorporate the spatiality of innovation. The approach is illustrated by examining innovation in tidal kite technology. The analysis finds that a supportive local context in western Sweden during the infancy of tidal kite technology, together with the availability of competent engineers and business development professionals, promoted the formation of locally embedded knowledge and competence. This in turn created a spatial path dependency that made developments gravitate towards Sweden, although the lack of domestic markets has also increasingly driven an expansion of activity to other regions, in particular the UK. Moreover, the analysis shows that shaping, and not only stimulating, the growth of emerging TIS is an important challenge for regional policymakers, and highlights the need for international policy coordination. The paper concludes that analyzing shaping factors in the emergence of new TISs can yield important insights, some of which may be overlooked with a narrow analytical focus on supporting and blocking factors.
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| 4. |
- Gosens, Jorrit, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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The limits of academic entrepreneurship: Conflicting expectations about commercialization and innovation in China's nascent sector for advanced bio-energy technologies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Energy Research and Social Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-6296. ; 37, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite many years of substantial government research funding, advanced bio-energy technologies in China have seen limited commercial application. Chinese policy makers are increasingly critical of academic organizations for neglecting their role in the transfer of scientific results into industrial applications. We interviewed a selection of Chinese research groups working on bio-energy technologies, and asked them to describe their efforts at commercialization. We found that they focus their research on technological pathways with commercial potential, they patent and attempt to license their technologies, they are highly involved in large scale demonstration plants, and have created a number of new firms. Industry and government may have unrealistic expectations on the maturity and scale of technologies that academia can develop, however. These findings contrast with many earlier analyses of early commercialization stages of novel technologies, which have commonly identified lacking academic entrepreneurship as a root cause in stalling development.
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| 5. |
- Harrysson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer, a relational disease exploring the needs of relatives to cancer patients
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2631 .- 1748-2623. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syfte: I denna kvalitativa studie studerade vi erfarenheter bland familjemedlemmar till cancerpatienter. Vårt syfte var att undersöka och differentiera deras behov från de behov som cancer patienten uppvisar.Metod: Fem fokusintervjuer och sex individuella narrativa intervjuer med 17 familje medlemmar till cancerpatiener i Sverige genomfördes och jämförda med 19 intervjuer med cancerpatienter. Vår analys var inspirerad av klassisk grundad teori.Resaultat: Familjemedlemmar till cancerpatienter uppvisade egen sjukdom kopplad till höga stressnivåer och svårigheter att erkänna egen stress till följd av pågående jämförelser med cancerpatienten. Familjemedlemmar var fastlåsta i en momentan terrorlik situation där de blev den sjukes skyddsnät. En upplevd oförmåga till att förbättra den sjukes hälsa och välmående bidrog till känslor av skukld. Önskan om att allt skulle vara över var inbäddat i skam då slutet innebar möjlig död.Slutsatser: Genom att erkänna cancer som en sjukdom som påverkar både kropp och relationer kan familjemedlemmar ges kontroll över sina egna kamper skilda från patientens upplevelser. Vi definierar skillnaderi behov mellan cancer patienter och anhöriga. De anhöriga till cancerpatienter kan ges stöd i att utveckla balanserade strategier för mindre stress, ökad trygghet och stunder av förnöjsamhet.
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| 6. |
- Petersson, Erik, 1985-
(författare)
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Vadstena krigsmanshus : En studie av den svenska kronans inrättning för sårade och gamla soldater cirka 1640–1780
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här avhandlingen handlar det underhåll till sårade och gamla soldater som den svenskastatsmakten organiserade under tidigmodern tid. Undersökningen tar sin utgångspunkt i den tid närstatsmakten började organisera mer omfattande hjälp för soldater, vilket var slutet på Gustav Vasasoch under Erik XIV:s regeringstid i mitten av 1500-talet. Motiven till att statsmakten organiseradehjälp för en del soldater var att dessa skulle ha offrat sin hälsa och arbetsförmåga i kronans tjänst, menså länge statsmakten fortsatte att vara relativt löst organiserad var även hjälpen till soldaterna avganska liten omfattning. Det ändrades under Gustav II Adolfs regering då planerna på att skapa ettkrigsmanshus i Vadstena etablerades, vilka senare genomfördes efter hans död och institutionen kundeta emot de första soldaterna senast 1640. I krigsmanshuset fick ett trettiotal soldater med familjeruppehälle, samtidigt som soldater boende i andra delar av landet fick stöd från krigsmanshuskassansom också administrerades från Vadstena. Mot slutet av 1600-talet blev kassan proportionellt merbetydelsefull än krigsmanshuset och runt år 1700 försörjde kassan flera tusen soldater runtom i riket.1700-talet innebar stora förändringar, bland annat genom att krigen blev färre, att krigaryrket intelängre var lika attraktivt som karriärväg för adelsmän och att statsmakten utvecklade andra mer civiladelar. Behovet av ett krigsmanshus fanns till sist inte längre och institutionen i Vadstena stängde förboende våren 1784, men kassan fanns kvar in på 1970-talet.
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| 8. |
- Rosinger, Christoph, et al.
(författare)
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Can enzymatic stoichiometry be used to determine growth-limiting nutrients for microorganisms? - A critical assessment in two subtropical soils
- 2019
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Ingår i: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-0717. ; 128, s. 115-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The measurement of potential enzymatic activities has been proposed as an efficient method to infer nutrient limitations for microorganisms in environmental samples. To validate this use, confirmation with direct methods of microbial growth responses to resource additions are required. We experimentally manipulated nutrient-poor soils from the afromontane subtropics with relatively low (grassland soils, ca. 4% soil carbon (C)) or high organic matter content (forest soils, ca. 13% soil C) with nutrient additions (plant material added at 8 mg C g−1 soil combined with mineral N and/or P to reach C:N:P mass-ratios of 10:1:1) in a multifactorial design for one month in order to shift the microbial community towards C-, N- or P-limitation. We then measured the responses of the most commonly measured indicator enzymes used to infer growth limiting nutrients, using ß-1,4-glucosidase, ß-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase, and acid phosphatase as indicators for C-, N- and P-acquiring enzymatic activities, respectively. In the same soil samples, we also determined the responses in bacterial (3H-leucine incorporation) and fungal growth rates (14C-acetate incorporation into ergosterol) to nutrient supplements, and also verified these with biomass responses (microbial PLFA and ergosterol concentrations) to the factorial nutrient loading amendments. Ratios of C-, N-, and P-acquiring enzymes indicated that the grassland soils were primarily P-limited, and secondarily co-limited by C and N, while the forest soils were co-limited by C and P. However, short-term responses in growth rates and respiration to nutrient additions, along with long-term growth rate, respiration and biomass responses to nutrient loading treatments all indicated that bacterial growth, fungal growth and respiration were primarily limited by C in both grassland and forest soils. We conclude that enzymatic ratios do not capture the growth-limiting factors for bacterial growth, fungal growth, or respiration in soil. Furthermore, the addition of C-rich plant material could shift the fungal community into N-limitation, while bacteria were shifted into co-limitation by both C and N, revealing that bacteria and fungi can be limited by different nutrients within the same soil environment.
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| 9. |
- Sandén, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring health navigating design : momentary contentment in a cancer context.
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 12:1, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The technocratic and medicalized model of healthcare is rarely optimal for patients. By connecting two different studies we explore the possibilities of increasing quality of life in cancer care.METHODS: The first study captures survival strategies in a historically isolated Arctic village in Norway resulting in Momentary contentment theory, which emerged from analysing four years of participant observation and interview data. The second study conceptualizes everyday life of cancer patients based on in-depth interviews with 19 cancer patients; this was conceptualized as Navigating a new life situation. Both studies used classic grounded theory methodology. The connection between the studies is based on a health design approach.RESULTS: We found a fit between cancer patients challenging life conditions and harsh everyday life in an Arctic village. Death, treatments and dependence have become natural parts of life where the importance of creating spaces-of-moments and a Sense of Safety is imminent to well-being. While the cancer patients are in a new life situation, the Arctic people show a natural ability to handle uncertainties.CONCLUSION: By innovation theories connected to design thinking, Momentary contentment theory modified to fit cancer care would eventually be a way to improve cancer patients' quality of life.
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| 10. |
- Sandén, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Momentary Contentment : A Modern Version of an Old Survival Culture
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Grounded Theory Review. - : Sociology Press. - 1556-1542 .- 1556-1550. ; 14:2, s. 74-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a classic grounded theory based in longitudinal data from everyday life in an environment in Northern Norway characterized by long distances, a harsh climate and people living close to nature and each other. The place has a history of poverty and isolation. Yet, old survival strategies prevail despite modernisation. The theory reveals a culture of momentary contentment with three dimensions: Doing safety, destiny readiness and middle consciousness. This momentary contentment culture explains how the participants resolve their main concern of enjoying life. Doing safety means that common and individual acts create stability. Destiny readiness illuminates a discourse of acceptance, a way of thinking that, with the aid of linguistic strategies, prepares for life changing events. Middle consciousness shows a way of handling difficulties by dividing and separating different phenomena.
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