| 1. |
- Fugmann, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Blood flow is an important determinant of forearm glucose uptake following a mixed meal
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Acta Diabetologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-5429 .- 1432-5233. ; 40:3, s. 113-117
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin-mediated vasodilation has been suggested to be of importance for glucose uptake during normoglycemic hyperinsulinemia. If this also is valid after an ordinary mixed meal remains to be evaluated. Forearm blood flow (FBF) and forearm glucose uptake change (evaluated by venous occlusion plethysmography) and glucose arteriovenous differences were evaluated over 120 minutes in 10 healthy volunteers following an ordinary mixed meal (700-900 kcal, 34% of energy from fat). Fasting arterial glucose level was 4.9+/-0.9 mmol/l, and the maximum glucose level was reached 30 minutes after the start of ingestion (6.6+/-0.8 mmol/l, p<0.0001). Plasma insulin levels were increased four-fold. FBF increased rapidly within 20 minutes after the start of ingestion and reached its maximum after 50 minutes (94% higher than baseline level, p<0.01). After 2 hours FBF was still substantially elevated (75% above baseline level, p<0.01). Forearm glucose uptake increased fivefold already after 20 minutes ( p<0.01). During the 2 hours, the increase in FBF contributed to 41% of the forearm glucose uptake ( p<0.05). The present study showed that the increase in FBF seen after an ordinary mixed meal is important for the change in forearm glucose uptake. These results support the view that modulation of limb blood flow is a determinant of glucose uptake.
|
|
| 2. |
- Fugmann, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Central and peripheral haemodynamic effects of hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, hyperlipidaemia or a mixed meal
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Clinical Science. - 0143-5221 .- 1470-8736. ; 105:6, s. 715-721
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to evaluate the haemodynamic changes during hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia or hypertriglyceridaemia in relation to those following a mixed meal. Ten subjects were subjected to hypertriglyceridaemia (3.9 mmol/l) for 2 h by an infusion of Intralipid and heparin. Nine subjects received a hyperglycaemic clamp (12.5 mmol/l) with octreotide and low-dose insulin infusion to maintain normoinsulinaemia (10 m-units/l). Ten subjects received saline for 2 h as a control and, thereafter, 2 h of normoglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp (80 m-units/l). Finally, ten subjects were evaluated for 2 h following an ordinary mixed meal. Calf blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography and cardiac index by thoracic bioimpedance. Both the mixed meal and normoglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia lowered total peripheral resistance, and increased calf blood flow and cardiac index, whereas blood pressure decreased (P <0.05-0.001). Both hyperglycaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia increased calf blood flow, but blood pressure was unchanged. Total peripheral resistance was unchanged in hypertriglyceridaemia, whereas hyperglycaemia induced a significant increase. Normoglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia induced a haemodynamic pattern similar, but to a lesser extent, to the pattern seen following a mixed meal. Hyperinsulinaemia seems to be a major mediator of the haemodynamic response, but other factors are obviously also of great importance. Hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperglycaemia induced haemodynamic responses that are not similar to those seen following a mixed meal.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
The effect of smoking on endothelial vasodilatory function evaluated by local infusion of metacholine in the forearm is dependent on the duration of smoking
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Nicotine & tobacco research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-2203 .- 1469-994X. ; 5:1, s. 125-130
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to evaluate if endothelial vasodilatory function in the human forearm is impaired by regular cigarette smoking. The setting was a tertiary university hospital. Subjects were 56 apparently healthy subjects from a population screening (mean age 50) and 52 young healthy volunteers (mean age 25) who were investigated regarding endothelial-dependent (EDV) and endothelial-independent vasodilation (EIDV) by means of local infusion of metacholine (MCh; 2 and 4 mg/min) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 5 and 10 mg/min) in the forearm. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. The MCh to SNP FBF ratio was denoted the endothelial function index. In the young subjects, no differences between smokers (n = 12) and non-smokers regarding EDV or EIDV were seen. In the population sample, however, the smokers (n = 8) showed an attenuated endothelial function index when compared with non-smokers (1.0 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.3, p = .02). The EDV showed a significant inverse relationship to the duration of smoking (r = -0.52, p < .05), independent of age, when the smokers in both groups were analyzed together. A similar, although not significant, relation was found between the endothelial function index and the duration of smoking (p = -.44). The present study showed that endothelial vasodilatory function was impaired in middle-aged, but not young, smokers, suggesting that the duration of smoking is of major importance for the deleterious effects of smoking on endothelial vasodilatory function.
|
|
