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- Ljung Faxen, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in chronic heart failure: The impact of sex across the ejection fraction spectrum
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 21, s. 225-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to assess sex-specific differences in N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) regarding concentrations, predictors of high concentrations, and prognostic role, in a large and unselected population with chronic heart failure (HF) with preserved (HFpEF), mid-range (HFmrEF), and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods and results: In 9847 outpatients with HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF (49 vs. 35 vs. 25% females, respectively) from the Swedish HF Registry, median NT-proBNP concentrations were 1598 ng/L in females vs. 1310 ng/L in males in HFpEF, 1764 vs. 1464 ng/L in HFmrEF, and 2543 vs. 2226 ng/L in HFrEF (p amp;lt; 0.05 for all). The differences persisted after multiple adjustment. The largest sex-difference in NT-proBNP levels was observed in HFpEF with sinus rhythm, where median concentrations were 1.4 folds higher in females (923 vs. 647 ng/L). Independent predictors of NT-proBNP levels (defined as above the different medians according to sex and HF phenotype) were overall consistent across sexes and EF. NT-proBNP levels were similarly associated with risk of all-cause death/HF hospitalization in both sexes regardless of EF. Conclusion: Concentrations of NT-proBNPwere higher in females across the EF spectrum, with larger relative differences in HFpEF with sinus rhythm. However, similar predictors of high levels were observed in both sexes. There were no sex-differences in the prognostic role of NT-proBNP. These findings support the use of NT-proBNP for prognostic purposes in chronic HF, regardless of sex. (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Sartipy, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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Association of heart rate with mortality in sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : WILEY. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 21:4, s. 471-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsTo assess the association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and mortality, and also the association between resting heart rate (HR) and mortality in both sinus rhythm (SR) and AF in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods and resultsA total of 9090 patients with HFpEF (ejection fraction 50%) were included from the Swedish Heart Failure registry; 4296 (47%) had SR and 4794 (53%) had AF. Patients with AF were older (80.3 vs. 75.0years) and more symptomatic compared with patients in SR. The outcome measure was all-cause mortality. The adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for AF vs. SR was 1.21 (1.11-1.32). Compared with HR 60b.p.m., the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were in SR: 1.06 (0.92-1.21) for HR 61-70b.p.m., 1.30 (1.12-1.52) for HR 71-80b.p.m., 1.27 (1.07-1.51) for HR 81-90b.p.m., and 1.77 (1.45-2.17) for HR amp;gt;90b.p.m. Due to non-proportional hazards in AF, hazard ratios were estimated in three time periods. Compared with HR 60 b.p.m., the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were in AF: 1.30 (1.07-1.57), 1.07 (0.83-1.39), and 1.01 (0.70-1.48) for HR 61-70b.p.m., 1.35 (1.12-1.62), 0.99 (0.77-1.27), and 0.96 (0.66-1.40) for HR 71-80b.p.m., 1.41 (1.16-1.73), 1.01 (0.76-1.36), and 0.79 (0.51-1.22) for HR 81-90b.p.m., and 1.78 (1.46-2.17), 1.08 (0.80-1.46), and 0.73 (0.46-1.17) for HR amp;gt;90b.p.m., during 0-2, 2-4, and 4-6years of follow-up, respectively. ConclusionIn a large and unselected cohort of patients with HFpEF, AF was independently associated with all-cause mortality. A higher HR was associated with increased mortality in SR. In AF, the effect of a higher HR on mortality was only present during the first years of follow-up, with convergence in outcomes according to baseline HR groups over long-term follow-up.
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- Savarese, Gianluigi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence, Predictors, and Outcome Associations of Dyskalemia in Heart Failure With Preserved, Mid-Range, and Reduced Ejection Fraction
- 2019
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Ingår i: JACC. Heart failure. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2213-1779 .- 2213-1787. ; 7:1, s. 65-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES This study investigated 1-year incidence and predictors of dyskalemia (dysK) and its outcome associations in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF), and HF with reduced EF (HFrEF). BACKGROUND DysK in real-world HF is insufficiently characterized. Fear of dyskalemia may lead to underuse or underdosing of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. METHODS Patients enrolled in the SwedeHF (Swedish Heart Failure) Registry from 2006 to 2011 in Stockholm, Sweden were included in the analyses. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified independent predictors of dysK within 1 year. Time-dependent Cox models assessed outcomes associated with incident dysK (all-cause death, HF, and other cardiovascular disease [CVD] hospitalizations) within 1 year from baseline. RESULTS Of 5,848 patients, 24.4% experienced hyperkalemia (hyperK [K amp;gt; 5.0 mmol/l]) at least once, and 10.2% had moderate or severe hyperK (K amp;gt; 5.5 mmol/l). Adjusted risk of moderate or severe hyperK was highest in HFpEF and HFmrEF. Similarly, 20.3% of patients had at least one episode of hypokalemia (hypoK [amp;lt;3.5 mmol/l]), and 3.7% had severe hypoK (amp;lt;3.0 mmol/l). Adjusted risk of any hypoK was highest in HFpEF. Independent predictors of both hyperK and hypoK were sex, baseline potassium and estimated glomerular filtration rate, low hemoglobin, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inpatient status, and higher New York Heart Association functional class. Incident dysK was associated with increased risk of mortality. Furthermore, hypoK was associated with increased CVD hospitalizations (HF-related excluded). There was no association between dysK and HF hospitalization risk, regardless of EF. CONCLUSIONS DysK is common in HF and is associated with increased mortality. Risk of moderate or severe hyperK was highest in HFpEF and HFmrEF, whereas risk of hypoK was highest in HFpEF. HF severity, low hemoglobin, COPD, baseline high and low potassium, and low eGFR were relevant predictors of dysK occurrence. (C) 2019 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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- Savarese, Gianluigi, et al.
(författare)
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Nurse-Led Heart Failure Clinics Are Associated With Reduced Mortality but Not Heart Failure Hospitalization
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : WILEY. - 2047-9980. ; 8:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background-Follow-up in a nurse-led heart failure (HF) clinic is recommended in HF guidelines, but its association with outcomes remains controversial, with previous studies including few and highly selected patients. Thus, large analyses of "real-world" samples are needed. Aims were to assess: (1) independent predictors of and (2) prognosis associated with planned referral to nurse-led HF clinics. Methods and Results-We analyzed data from the SwedeHF (Swedish HF Registry) using multivariable logistic regressions to identify independent predictors of planned referral to a nurse-led HF clinic and multivariable Cox regressions to test associations between planned referral and outcomes (all-cause death, HF hospitalization, and their composite). Of 40 992 patients, 39% were planned to be referred to a follow-up in a nurse-led HF clinic. Independent characteristics associated with planned referral were shorter duration of HF, clinical markers of more-severe HF, such as lower ejection fraction, higher New York Heart Association class and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and lower blood pressure, as well as cohabitating versus living alone, male sex, fewer comorbidities, and more use of HF treatments. After adjustments, planned referral to a nurse-led HF clinic was associated with reduced mortality and mortality/HF hospitalization, but not HF hospitalization alone. Conclusions-In this nation-wide registry, 39% of our identified HF cohort was planned to be referred to a nurse-led HF clinic. Planned referral reflected more-severe HF, but also sex- and family-related factors, and it was independently associated with lower risk of death, but not of HF hospitalization.
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| 7. |
- Savarese, Gianluigi, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and Prognostic Implications of Longitudinal Ejection Fraction Change in Heart Failure
- 2019
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Ingår i: JACC. Heart failure. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2213-1779 .- 2213-1787. ; 7:4, s. 306-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the incidence, the predictors, and the associations with outcomes of changes in ejection fraction (EF) in heart failure (HF) patients.BACKGROUND: EF determines therapy in HF, but information is scarce about incidence, determinants, and prognostic implications of EF change over time.METHODS: Patients with >= 2 EF measurements were made in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry were categorized as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (EF >= 50%), heart failure with midrange ejection fraction (HFmrEF) (EF 40% to 49%), or heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (EF <40%). Changes among categories were recorded, and associations among EF changes, predictors, and all-cause mortality and/or HF hospitalizations were analyzed using logistic and Cox regressions.RESULTS: Of 4,942 patients at baseline, 18% had HFpEF, 19% had HFmrEF, and 63% had HFrEF. During follow-up, 21% and 18% of HFpEF patients transitioned to HFmrEF and HFrEF, respectively; 37% and 25% of HFmrEF patients transitioned to HFrEF and HFpEF, respectively; and 16% and 10% of HFrEF patients transitioned to HFmrEF and HFpEF, respectively. Predictors of increased EF included use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, female sex, cases of less severe HF, and comorbidities. Predictors of decreased EF included diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and cases of more severe HF. Increased EF was associated with a lower risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55 to 0.69) and decreased EF with a higher risk (HR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.30) of mortality and/or HF hospitalizations. Prognostic implications were most evident for transitions to and from HFrEF.CONCLUSIONS: Increases in EF occurred in one-fourth of HFrEF and HFmrEF patients, and decreases occurred in more than one-third of patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF. EF change was associated with a wide range of important clinical, treatment, and organizational factors as well as with outcomes, particularly transitions to and from HFrEF.
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| 8. |
- Savarese, Gianluigi, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Heart Failure Registry: a living, ongoing quality assurance and research in heart failure
- 2019
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Upsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 124:1, s. 65-69
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heart failure (HF) represents a global pandemic. Although in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) randomized controlled trials have provided effective treatments, prognosis still remains poor, with signals of undertreatment. HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF) has no evidence-based therapy, and its characterization is ongoing. Trials in HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) have failed to provide any effective treatment, but there are several concerns about their design. Thus, current challenges in the HF field are: 1) optimizing the use of existing treatments in HFrEF; 2) developing and proving efficacy of new treatments, and of new use of existing treatments in HFpEF and HFmrEF. Here we describe how registry-based research can improve knowledge addressing the unmet needs in HF, and in particular we focus on the contribution of the Swedish Heart Failure Registry to this field.
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- Schrage, Benedikt, et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Use of Primary-Prevention Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure A Prospective Propensity Score-Matched Analysis From the Swedish Heart Failure Registry
- 2019
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 140:19, s. 1530-1539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most randomized trials on implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) use for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction enrolled patients amp;gt;20 years ago. We investigated the association between ICD use and all-cause mortality in a contemporary heart failure with reduced ejection fraction cohort and examined relevant subgroups. Methods: Patients from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry fulfilling the European Society of Cardiology criteria for primary-prevention ICD were included. The association between ICD use and 1-year and 5-year all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality was assessed by Cox regression models in a 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort and in prespecified subgroups. Results: Of 16 702 eligible patients, only 1599 (10%) had an ICD. After matching, 1305 ICD recipients were compared with 1305 nonrecipients. ICD use was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality risk within 1 year (hazard ratio, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.60-0.90]) and 5 years (hazard ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.78-0.99]). Results were consistent in all subgroups including patients with versus without ischemic heart disease, men versus women, those aged amp;lt;75 versus amp;gt;= 75 years, those with earlier versus later enrollment in the Swedish heart failure registry, and patients with versus without cardiac resynchronization therapy. Conclusions: In a contemporary heart failure with reduced ejection fraction population, ICD for primary prevention was underused, although it was associated with reduced short- and long-term all-cause mortality. This association was consistent across all the investigated subgroups. These results call for better implementation of ICD therapy.
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- Stolfo, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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Sex-Based Differences in Heart Failure Across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum Phenotyping, and Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
- 2019
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Ingår i: JACC. Heart failure. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2213-1779 .- 2213-1787. ; 21, s. 505-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES This study assessed sex-related differences in a large cohort of unselected patients with heart failure (HF) across the ejection fraction (EF) spectrum. BACKGROUND Females are under-represented in randomized clinical trials. Potential sex-related differences in HF may question the generalizability of trials. METHODS In the Swedish Heart Failure Registry population multivariate Cox and logistic regression models were fitted to investigate differences in prognosis, prognostic predictors, and treatments across mates and females. RESULTS Of 42,987 patients, 37% were females (55% with HF with preserved EF [HFpEF], 39% with HF with mid-range EF [HFmrEF], and 29% with HF with reduced EF [HFrEF]). Females were older and more symptomatic and more likely to have hypertension and kidney disease but less likely to have diabetes and ischemic heart disease. After adjustments, females were more likely to use beta-blockers and digoxin but less likely to receive HF device therapy. Crude mortality/HF hospitalization rates for HFpEF (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.16) and HFmrEF (HR: 1.14) were significantly higher in females but lower in females with HFrEF (HR: 0.95). After adjustments, the risk was significantly tower in females regardless of EF (HR: 0.80 in HFrEF, HR: 0.91 in HFmrEF, and HR: 0.93 in HFpEF). The main sex-related differences in prognostic predictors concerned diabetes in HFrEF and anemia in HFmrEF. CONCLUSIONS Mates and females with HF showed different characteristics across the EF spectrum. Mates reported a lower crude risk of mortality/morbidity in HFpEF and HFmrEF but higher risk of HFrEF, although after adjustments, prognosis was better in females regardless of EF. The observed sex-related differences highlight the need for an adequate representation of females in HF randomized controlled trials to improve generatizabitity.
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