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- Biskup, E, et al.
(författare)
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Awareness of sex and gender dimensions among physicians: the European federation of internal medicine assessment of gender differences in Europe (EFIM-IMAGINE) survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: Internal and emergency medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1970-9366 .- 1828-0447. ; 17:5, s. 1395-1404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sociocultural gender is a complex construct encompassing different aspects of individuals’ life, whereas sex refers to biological factors. These terms are often misused, although they impact differently on individuals’ health. Recognizing the role of sex and gender on health status is fundamental in the pursuit of a personalized medicine. Aim of the current study was to investigate the awareness in approaching clinical and research questions on the impact of sex and gender on health among European internists. Clinicians affiliated with the European Federation of Internal Medicine from 33 countries participated to the study on a voluntary basis between January 1st, 2018 and July 31st, 2019. Internists’ awareness and knowledge on sex and gender issues in clinical medicine were measured by an online anonymized 7-item survey. A total of 1323 European internists responded to the survey of which 57% were women, mostly young or middle-aged (78%), and practicing in public general medicine services (74.5%). The majority (79%) recognized that sex and gender are not interchangeable terms, though a wide discrepancy exists on what clinicians think sex and gender concepts incorporate. Biological sex and sociocultural gender were recognized as determinants of health mainly in cardiovascular and autoimmune/rheumatic diseases. Up to 80% of respondents acknowledged the low participation of female individuals in trials and more than 60% the lack of sex-specific clinical guidelines. Internists also express the willingness of getting more knowledge on the impact of sex and gender in cerebrovascular/cognitive and inflammatory bowel diseases. Biological sex and sociocultural gender are factors influencing health and disease. Although awareness and knowledge remain suboptimal across European internists, most acknowledge the underrepresentation of female subjects in trials, the lack of sex-specific guidelines and the need of being more informed on sex and gender-based differences in diseases.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Geary, L., et al.
(författare)
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An audit & feedback intervention for improved anticoagulant use in patients with atrial fibrillation in primary care
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 310, s. 67-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Improving use of anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients in primary care has proved challenging. Anticoagulants are often prescribed by primary care physicians in the long term. Suboptimal anticoagulant use may be partly due to physicians' non-prescribing. One potential way of targeting physician prescribing behavior is “audit & feedback”. The documented use of audit and feedback in research aimed at increasing use of anticoagulants in primary care is limited. The objective was to test if an audit & feedback intervention aimed at directors in primary care centers could increase the use of anticoagulants in patients with AF.Methods: Database generated quality reports with primary care center specific data on recommended medication use in their patients with previous stroke or atrial fibrillation were sent to intervention centers.Results: 94 centers received the intervention, 102 centers were controls. 31,477 patients in total were included. Use of anticoagulants in all primary care centers increased from 76% before to 82% after the intervention. Patients in intervention centers were more likely than patients in control centers to use anticoagulants after the intervention, adjusted odds ratio increasing slightly from 1.04 (95%, CI, 0.98–1.10) before to 1.08 (95% CI, 1.02–1.15) after the intervention.Conclusions: An audit & feedback intervention with quality reports in primary care had only a small effect on anticoagulant use in patients with AF. A combined and more complex intervention may have a greater effect in improving anticoagulation use.
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| 5. |
- Schenck-Fontaine, Anika, et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Perceived Material Deprivation, Parents' Discipline Practices, and Children's Behavior Problems : An International Perspective.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Child Development. - : Wiley. - 0009-3920 .- 1467-8624. ; 91:1, s. 307-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the association between perceived material deprivation, children's behavior problems, and parents' disciplinary practices. The sample included 1,418 8- to 12-year-old children and their parents in China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States. Multilevel mixed- and fixed-effects regression models found that, even when income remained stable, perceived material deprivation was associated with children's externalizing behavior problems and parents' psychological aggression. Parents' disciplinary practices mediated a small share of the association between perceived material deprivation and children's behavior problems. There were no differences in these associations between mothers and fathers or between high- and low- and middle-income countries. These results suggest that material deprivation likely influences children's outcomes at any income level.
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