| 1. |
- Molin, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase before and after amalgam removal in man.
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 48:3, s. 189-202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 10 healthy persons all amalgam fillings were replaced with gold inlays. Blood and urinary levels were measured on 10 occasions during a 4-month period before and a 12-month period after amalgam removal. These variables were also measured three times in 10 healthy controls. A strong statistically significant relation was found between plasma mercury values and both the total number of amalgam surfaces (r = 0.71, p = 0.0006) and the total surface area of the fillings (r = 0.73, p = 0.0004). In the immediate postremoval phase plasma mercury rose three- to four-fold, whereas the urinary and erythrocyte mercury rose about 50%. These peak values declined to the preremoval level at about 1 month. Twelve months after the removal the plasma and urinary mercury levels were significantly reduced to 50% and 25%, respectively, of the initial values for the experimental group. Apart from the significantly lower plasma selenium values 5 and 10 days after removal no significant differences were found with regard to plasma selenium or erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase either within or between the experimental and the control groups. A large number of supplementary biochemical analyses did not show any influence on organ functions or any differences between the groups before or after the amalgam removal. Amalgam fillings considerably contributed to the plasma and urinary mercury levels.
|
|
| 2. |
- Molin, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Mobilized mercury in subjects with varying exposure to elemental mercury vapour.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 63:3, s. 187-92
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a mercury mobilization test, 0.3 g of the complexing agent sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS) was given orally to 10 workers with moderate occupational exposure to elemental mercury vapour, to 8 dentists with slight exposure, to 18 matched controls, and to 5 referents without amalgam fillings. In the workers, DMPS caused an increase in 24-h urinary mercury excretion by a factor of 10; in the dentists, 5.9; in the controls, 5.3; and in the amalgam-free referents, 3.8. Of the mercury excreted during 24 h, 59% appeared during the first 6 h. Close, albeit non-linear, associations were found between mobilized mercury and the premobilization mercury levels in plasma and urine, but not with the duration of occupational exposure or the rough estimate of the integrated function of blood levels vs time. The present data indicate that mercury mobilized after a single DMPS dose in close connection with exposure is mainly an index of recent exposure and is not significantly affected by slow body pools or long-term exposure.
|
|
| 3. |
- Molin, M, et al.
(författare)
-
The influence of dental amalgam placement on mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase in man.
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 48:4, s. 287-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amalgam restorations were inserted in eight healthy persons, previously unprovided with dental restorations, who had several severe carious lesions. The mean number of surfaces restored were 16.1 (range, 11 to 22). The total mean calculated amount of mercury inserted was 2.9 g (range, 1.5 to 4.3 g). Blood and urinary levels were measured on seven occasions during a 4-month period before and a 3-month period after amalgam placement. One and 3 months after placement, the P-mercury mean values were almost equal to the preplacement values (3.3 nmol/l). After placement U-mercury increased continuously; 3 months after placement a statistically significantly higher (p less than 0.05) mean U-mercury value (0.58 nmol/mmol creatinine) was found compared with the mean preplacement value (0.34 nmol/mmol creatinine). No statistically significant correlation was found between the P- and U-mercury concentrations and the total number of amalgam surfaces. Selenium levels in plasma and urine and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase showed no systematic change of pattern. The results show that the insertion of amalgam fillings contributed to the U-mercury concentration, but apparently even more extensive amalgam therapy and/or longer exposure periods are needed to affect the P-mercury concentration. No negative effects on the P- and U-selenium or the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase levels could be found during the 3 months immediately after an extensive amalgam placement. The supplementary blood and urine analyses were not influenced by the insertion of amalgam fillings.
|
|
| 4. |
- Willers, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the household and urinary cotinine excretion, heavy metals retention, and lung function
- 1992
-
Ingår i: Archives of Environmental Health. - 0003-9896. ; 47:5, s. 357-563
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between urinary levels of cotinine (U-cotinine) and arsenic (U-As), blood levels of cadmium (B-Cd), blood levels of lead (B-Pb), lung function, and questionnaire data on smoking habits were studied in 107 parents and their 46 children (7-10 y of age). There was a statistically significant relationship between the reported amount of tobacco smoked and U-cotinine levels. Nonsmokers who were married to persons who smoked had three times higher U-cotinine levels than nonsmokers whose spouses did not smoke. There was a significant association between the number of parents who smoked in the family and the U-cotinine levels of children. If only one parent smoked, maternal smoking was of greater importance than paternal smoking. There was also an association between U-cotinine and B-Cd. A study of lung function in the children revealed that vital capacity and functional residual capacity (corrected for sex, age, and height) increased as the number of parents who smoked increased. Therefore, the present study showed that (1) U-cotinine was a useful index of active smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in adults and children, (2) U-cotinine was associated with the blood concentration of cadmium, and (3) environmental tobacco smoke exposure was associated with changes in lung function of children.
|
|
