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- Heselmeyer, K, et al.
(författare)
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Gain of chromosome 3q defines the transition from severe dysplasia to invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix
- 1996
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424. ; 93:1, s. 479-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have chosen tumors of the uterine cervix as a model system to identify chromosomal aberrations that occur during carcinogenesis. A phenotype/genotype correlation was established in defined regions of archived, formalin-fixed, and hematoxylin/eosin-stained tissue sections that were dissected from normal cervical epithelium (n = 3), from mild (n = 4), moderate (n = 6), and severe dysplasias/carcinomas in situ (CIS) (n = 13), and from invasive carcinomas (n = 10) and investigated by comparative genomic hybridization. The same tissues were analyzed for DNA ploidy, proliferative activity, and the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences. The results show that an increase in proliferative activity and tetraploidization had occurred already in mildly dysplastic lesions. No recurrent chromosomal aberrations were observed in DNA extracted from normal epithelium or from mild and moderate dysplasias, indicating that the tetraploidization precedes the loss or gain of specific chromosomes. A gain of chromosome 3q became visible in one of the severe dysplasias/CIS. Notably, chromosome 3q was overrepresented in 90% of the carcinomas and was also found to have undergone a high-level copy-number increase (amplification). We therefore conclude that the gain of chromosome 3q that occurs in HPV16-infected, aneuploid cells represents a pivotal genetic aberration at the transition from severe dysplasia/CIS to invasive cervical carcinoma.
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- Niu, Steve S., et al.
(författare)
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A Tutorial On Multiple Model Least-Squares and Augmented UD Identification
- 1995
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The augmented UD identification (AUDI) is a family of new identification algorithms that are based on some well-known matrix decomposition and updating techniques. Compared with conventional least-squares methods, the AUDI methods are conceptually more concise, computationally more efficient, numerically more robust and application-wise more complete. As a result, AUDI is recommended as a complete replacements for conventional recursive least-squares in all parameter estimation and system identification applications. This tutorial paper presents an overview of the AUDI concept, implementation and applications. The multiple model least-squares (MMLS) method, which is a fundamental reformulation and an efficient implementation of the basic least-squares method, is discussed first. Some application examples of the MMLS/AUDI are presented to demonstrate the versatility and reliability of this type of algorithms.
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