| 1. |
- Antti, Marta-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal expansion behaviour of high melting point oxides
- 1999
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Ingår i: Key Engineering Materials. - 1013-9826 .- 1662-9795. ; 164-165, s. 279-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermal expansion characteristics of the reinforcement and matrix constituents in ceramic composites have a strong influence on a number of aspects of the composite performance. Thus the toughness and strength of the composite can be influenced by local residual stresses due to the thermal expansion mismatch of different phases. Moreover, in individual polycrystalline phases, local stress variations from grain to grain, generated as a result of anisotropy of thermal expansion in combination with anisotropy of elasticity can influence strength and toughness in similar ways. In the present study, reported data on the thermal expansion coefficients of oxides having potential as constituents in high temperature composites are reviewed and complemented with additional measurements made using high temperature X-ray diffraction
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| 2. |
- Hang, L, et al.
(författare)
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Cytokine repertoire of epithelial cells lining the human urinary tract
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Journal of urology. - 0022-5347. ; 159:6, s. 92-2185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To examine the cytokine profile of epithelial cells lining the human urinary tract with the aim of differentiating between the constitutive and disease-related cytokine production in these tissues.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sections from the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder or urethra were obtained from 22 patients undergoing urinary tract surgery and were stained with monoclonal antibodies to interleukin(IL)-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, interferon gamma (IFNgamma) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta). Sections were classified according to the presence or absence of disease in the tissue.RESULTS: Epithelial cells lining the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder or urethra all stained for IL-8 and TGFbeta (100%) in disease-free tissues and sections with cancer or interstitial cystitis (IC). In contrast, staining for IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6 and IFNgamma varied with the disease state of the patient. Epithelial IL-1beta staining was absent (0%) in sections from healthy bladder, but positive in tissues with IC or cancer-associated pathology (50 to 100%). IL-6 staining was detected in the epithelial layer of several patients with IC or cancer related pathology, but only in cells with non-epithelial morphology and not in disease-free tissues. IFNgamma and IL-4 staining were only observed in patients with IC and only in cells with non-epithelial morphology.CONCLUSIONS: The results show that epithelial cells from all parts of the urinary tract constitutively produce IL-8 and TGFbeta and suggest that the production of other cytokines varies with the disease of the patient. Constitutive cytokine production provides the basis for a rapid host response, in the defense against mucosal attack by microbes or toxic agents.
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| 3. |
- Shen, Z, et al.
(författare)
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Chondroadherin expression changes in skeletal development
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Biochemical journal. - 0264-6021. ; 330, s. 549-557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chondroadherin is a cartilage protein with cell binding properties. The expression of chondroadherin was studied in rat tissues and during postnatal femoral head development. For design of oligonucleotide probes and primers a 1664 bp, full length, rat chondroadherin cDNA was isolated from a rat chondrosarcoma library and sequenced. Northern blot analysis showed chondroadherin mRNA to be present in femoral head and rib cartilage, as well as in tendon. More sensitive reverse-transcriptase PCR additionally identified the mRNA in calvaria, long bone and bone marrow. Localization of chondroadherin by immunocytochemistry in the developing femoral head from postnatal day 14 to day 60 showed presence of the protein in cartilaginous regions. With increasing age a very distinct localization of chondroadherin was seen in the territorial matrix around late proliferative cells in the growth plate as well as in the developing articular cartilage in the maturing femoral head. Localization of chondroadherin mRNA by in situ hybridization was in agreement with immunocytochemistry with strong hybridization signals in late proliferative cells in the growth plate. In the articular cartilage the expression was restricted to cells in the lower regions. A three-fold increase of cartilage chondroadherin content in the growing femoral head was demonstrated by Western blot analysis. The high expression of this cell binding protein in a dynamic region of cartilage suggests an important role for chondroadherin in the regulation of chondrocyte growth and proliferation.
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