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- Attarzadeh Niaki, Seyed Hosein, et al.
(författare)
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Design space exploration for field programmable compressor trees
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Compilers, architectures and synthesis for embedded systems. - New York : ACM Press. ; , s. 207-216
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Field Programmable Compressor Tree (FPCT) is a programmable compressor tree (e.g., a Wallace or Dadda Tree) intended for integration in an FPGA or other reconfigurable device. This paper presents a design space exploration (DSE) method that can be used to identify the best FPCT architecture for a given set of arithmetic benchmark circuits; in practice, an FPGA vendor can use the design space exploration to tailor the FPCT to meet the needs of the most important benchmark circuits of the vendor’s largest-volume clients. One novel feature of the DSE is the introduction of a metric called I/O utilization; we found that I/O utilization has a strong correlation with both the critical path delay and area of the benchmark circuits under study. Pruning the search space using I/O utilization allowed us to reduce significantly the number of FPCTs that must be synthesized and evaluated during the DSE, while giving high confidence that the best architectures are still explored. The DSE was applied to seven small-to-medium range benchmark circuits; one FPCT architecture was found that was 30% faster than the second best in terms of critical path delay, and only 3.34% larger than the smallest.
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- Gyllin, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Semantic assessments of experienced biodiversity from photographs and on-site observations - a comparison
- 2015
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Ingår i: Environment and Natural Resources Research. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1927-0488 .- 1927-0496. ; 5, s. 46-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the 1960’s, public assessments of landscapes have often been carried out using photographic representations. How reliable and valid are these assessments compared with on-site observations? In the present study, participants have been asked to judge different areas in terms of a limited feature: the biodiversity of the area. Digitalized photos from six different study areas were made available on the Internet, along with a questionnaire consisting of a semantic form with specific words/expressions to be rated in relation to the photos (four per area). Participants were recruited via mailing lists and informal contacts. These results were compared with a study in which students and ecologists had rated the same places using the same form, but this time on-site. The Internet participants were also asked to state their profession/education to make comparisons possible. The comparisons revealed differences between on-site and photo-based ratings, but the main difference was expressed by on-site biologists regarding areas with the highest experienced biodiversity values, possibly due to their higher degree of expertise and use of more senses than can be used when judging photographs. Concerning laymen in particular, it is concluded that the comparison between on-site and photo-based ratings is not conclusive enough to allow us to determine whether it is appropriate to use one method as a substitute for the other.
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| 4. |
- Habibipour, Abdolrasoul, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Information systems development process: a living lab perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Information Systems Development: Artificial Intelligence for Information Systems Development and Operations (ISD2022 Proceedings). - : Association for Information Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores information systems development (ISD) process, when ISD follows a living lab approach. Living lab is an innovation development approach in which stakeholders are involved in co-create, implement, test and adopt innovations in a real-life setting. Several aspects in living lab setting such as voluntary nature of user engagement, a real-life context of innovation development and consequently difficulty to observe, and immaturity of innovation in living lab activities will influence ISD process in the living lab setting. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to understand how ISD process is shaped, when ISD follows a living lab approach. The aim will be achieved by conducting four participatory knowledge generation workshops as the primary sources of empirical data, in the context of three European projects (namely, AdaptUrbanRail, UNaLab, and LiLaCC) as well as an international conference (DLLD20). A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of ISD process following living lab approach will alsobe presented.
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| 5. |
- Linares, Mathieu, et al.
(författare)
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The Nature of Resonance in Allyl Ions and Radical
- 2008
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5639 .- 1520-5215. ; 112:50, s. 13249-13255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A recent valence bond scheme based on Lewis structures, the valence bond BOND (VBB) method (BOND: Breathing Orbitals Naturally Delocalized) method (Linares, M.; Braida, B.; Humbel, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 2006, 110, 2505-2509), is applied to explore the nature of resonance in allyl systems. Whereas allyl radical is correctly described by the resonance between the two traditional Lewis structures, a third "long-bonded" structure, which apparently creates a pi bond between the two distant carbon atoms, appears to plays an important role in allyl ions description. The similar vertical resonance energy (VRE) for both allyl ions is rather moderate (similar to 37 kcal/mol) in the two-structure description but is significantly enhanced when the long-bonded structure is included into the VBB wave function (by up to 20 kcal/mol). The allyl radical is much less resonant and is correctly described by the traditional two-structure picture. The development of VBB Lewis structures into "pure" valence bond determinants enlightens the role of the third structure in the description of allyl ions. The existence of a long bond between the two distant carbon atoms is clearly ruled out. Charge equilibration effect is shown to be a minor factor. The third structure is finally attributed to one- and three-electron bonding character revealed in the g systems of the cation and anion, respectively. This makes these systems two surprising examples of odd electron bonding within a singlet state. Last, the two-structure description of allyl radical is improved by addition of missing ionic structures.
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| 7. |
- Thiam, Djiby Racine, et al.
(författare)
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Implications of water policy reforms for agricultural productivity in South Africa : Scenario analysis based on the Olifants river basin
- 2015
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Ingår i: Water Resources and Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-4284 .- 2212-3717. ; 9, s. 60-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses the water-reallocation scheme created within the National Water Act (1998) to analyze the impacts of water policy on farm livelihoods in South Africa. Based on one of the most water stressed catchments in the country, the Olifants river basin, we provide an integrated modeling approach combining water and agricultural modules to investigate the impacts of compulsory licensing and water market on crop production and investment made to improve water use efficiency. The model maximizes net farm profits and takes into account the characteristics of the agricultural sector in the region in classifying farmers between large-scale (LSFs) and emerging (EFs) groups, according to their land acreage, irrigation efficiency and historical heritage. Compulsory licensing is analyzed through curtailment of water-use rights from large-scale to emerging farmers. The water market is investigated to provide conditions under which farms trade water to complete their irrigation schedules. Our results show that, though compulsory licensing might promote a rise in emerging farmers and a re-balance of past riparian-based water allocation schemes, care should be given to the level of that curtailment rate in order to balance equity measures with efficiency objectives. Indeed, we found that the losses associated with water curtailment for LSFs are not entirely captured by the EFs. Therefore, beyond water policy, there are other factors, which also influence farms' profits and water use efficiency. The results also demonstrate that a water market provides a good opportunity to increase water use efficiency. The introduction of water market induces LSFs with good water storage facilities a possibility to trade their remaining water-use rights. It also offers EFs an alternative to diversify their water supply sources when they encounter shortfalls in amount of water allocated
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