| 1. |
- Peterlongo, Paolo, et al.
(författare)
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FANCM c.5791C>T nonsense mutation (rs144567652) induces exon skipping, affects DNA repair activity and is a familial breast cancer risk factor.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 24:18, s. 5345-5355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous genetic factors that influence breast cancer risk are known. However, approximately two-thirds of the overall familial risk remain unexplained. To determine whether some of the missing heritability is due to rare variants conferring high to moderate risk, we tested for an association between the c.5791C>T nonsense mutation (p.Arg1931*; rs144567652) in exon 22 of FANCM gene and breast cancer. An analysis of genotyping data from 8635 familial breast cancer cases and 6625 controls from different countries yielded an association between the c.5791C>T mutation and breast cancer risk [odds ratio (OR) = 3.93 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28-12.11; P = 0.017)]. Moreover, we performed two meta-analyses of studies from countries with carriers in both cases and controls and of all available data. These analyses showed breast cancer associations with OR = 3.67 (95% CI = 1.04-12.87; P = 0.043) and OR = 3.33 (95% CI = 1.09-13.62; P = 0.032), respectively. Based on information theory-based prediction, we established that the mutation caused an out-of-frame deletion of exon 22, due to the creation of a binding site for the pre-mRNA processing protein hnRNP A1. Furthermore, genetic complementation analyses showed that the mutation influenced the DNA repair activity of the FANCM protein. In summary, we provide evidence for the first time showing that the common p.Arg1931* loss-of-function variant in FANCM is a risk factor for familial breast cancer.
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| 2. |
- Fazey, Ioan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.
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| 3. |
- Celeste, Arcangelo, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancement of Functional Properties of Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Addition of Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquids with Long Alkyl-Chains
- 2020
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Ingår i: Batteries and Supercaps. - : Wiley. - 2566-6223. ; 3:10, s. 1059-1068
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three ionic liquid belonging to the N-alkyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imides (Pyr(1),nTFSI with n=4,5,8) have been added as co-solvent to two commonly used electrolytes for Li-ion cells: (a) 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) in a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and linear like dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in 1 : 1 v/v and (b) 1 M lithium bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in EC : DMC 1 : 1 v/v. These electrolyte formulations (classified as P and T series containing LiPF6 or LiTFSI salts, respectively) have been analyzed by comparing ionic conductivities, transport numbers, viscosities, electrochemical stability as well as vibrational properties. In the case of the Pyr(1,5)TFSI and Pyr(1,8)TFSI blended formulations, this is the first ever reported detailed study of their functional properties in Li-ion cells electrolytes. Overall, P-electrolytes demonstrate enhanced properties compared to the T-ones. Among the various P electrolytes those containing Pyr(1,4)TFSI and Pyr(1,5)TFSI limit the accumulation of irreversible capacity upon cycling with satisfactory performance in lithium cells.
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| 4. |
- Silvestri, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors : structure-based modeling and isoform-selectivity prediction.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1549-9596 .- 1549-960X. ; 52:8, s. 2215-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An enhanced version of comparative binding energy (COMBINE) analysis, named COMBINEr, based on both ligand-based and structure-based alignments has been used to build several 3-D QSAR models for the eleven human zinc-based histone deacetylases (HDACs). When faced with an abundance of data from diverse structure-activity sources, choosing the best paradigm for an integrative analysis is difficult. A common example from studies on enzyme-inhibitors is the abundance of crystal structures characterized by diverse ligands complexed with different enzyme isoforms. A novel comprehensive tool for data mining on such inhomogeneous set of structure-activity data was developed based on the original approach of Ortiz, Gago, and Wade, and applied to predict HDAC inhibitors' isoform selectivity. The COMBINEr approach (apart from the AMBER programs) has been developed to use only software freely available to academics.
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| 5. |
- Yang, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer risks associated with germline PALB2 pathogenic variants : An international study of 524 families
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X. ; 38:7, s. 674-685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE To estimate age-specific relative and absolute cancer risks of breast cancer and to estimate risks of ovarian, pancreatic, male breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers associated with germline PALB2 pathogenic variants (PVs) because these risks have not been extensively characterized. METHODS We analyzed data from 524 families with PALB2 PVs from 21 countries. Complex segregation analysis was used to estimate relative risks (RRs; relative to country-specific population incidences) and absolute risks of cancers. The models allowed for residual familial aggregation of breast and ovarian cancer and were adjusted for the family-specific ascertainment schemes. RESULTS We found associations between PALB2 PVs and risk of female breast cancer (RR, 7.18; 95% CI, 5.82 to 8.85; P = 6.5 × 10-76), ovarian cancer (RR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.40 to 6.04; P = 4.1 × 10-3), pancreatic cancer (RR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.50; P = 8.7 × 10-3), and male breast cancer (RR, 7.34; 95% CI, 1.28 to 42.18; P = 2.6 3 1022). There was no evidence for increased risks of prostate or colorectal cancer. The breast cancer RRs declined with age (P for trend = 2.0 × 10-3). After adjusting for family ascertainment, breast cancer risk estimates on the basis of multiple case families were similar to the estimates from families ascertained through population-based studies (P for difference = .41). On the basis of the combined data, the estimated risks to age 80 years were 53% (95% CI, 44% to 63%) for female breast cancer, 5% (95% CI, 2% to 10%) for ovarian cancer, 2%-3% (95% CI females, 1% to 4%; 95% CI males, 2% to 5%) for pancreatic cancer, and 1% (95% CI, 0.2% to 5%) for male breast cancer. CONCLUSION These results confirm PALB2 as a major breast cancer susceptibility gene and establish substantial associations between germline PALB2 PVs and ovarian, pancreatic, and male breast cancers. These findings will facilitate incorporation of PALB2 into risk prediction models and optimize the clinical cancer risk management of PALB2 PV carriers.
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