| 1. |
- Kaur-Kahlon, G., et al.
(författare)
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Response of a coastal tropical pelagic microbial community to changed salinity and temperature
- 2016
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Ingår i: Aquatic Microbial Ecology. - 0948-3055 .- 1616-1564. ; 77:1, s. 37-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies on the responses of tropical microbial communities to changing hydrographic conditions are presently poorly represented. We present here the results from a mesocosm experiment conducted in southwest (SW) coastal India to investigate how changes in temperature and salinity may affect a coastal tropic microbial community. The onset of algal and bacterial blooms, the maximum production and biomass, and the interrelation between phytoplankton and bacteria were studied in replicated mesocosms. The treatments were set up featuring ambient conditions (28 °C, 35 PSU), hyposalinity (31 PSU), warming (31 °C) and a double manipulated treatment with warming and hyposalinity (31 °C, 31 PSU). The hyposaline treatment had the most considerable influence manifested as significantly lower primary production, and the most dissimilar microphytoplankton species community. The increased temperature acted as a catalyst in the double manipulated treatment and higher primary production was maintained. We investigated the dynamics of the microbial community with a structural equation model approach, and found a significant interrelation between phytoplankton biomass and bacterial abundance. Using this methodology, it became evident that temperature and salinity changes, individually and together, mediate direct and indirect effects that influence different compartments of the microbial loop. In the face of climate change, we suggest that in relatively nutrient replete tropical coastal zones, salinity and temperature changes will affect nutrient assimilation with subsequent significant effects on the quantity of microbial biomass and production.
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| 2. |
- Kaur-Kahlon, Gurpreet, et al.
(författare)
-
Response of a coastal tropical pelagic microbial community to changed salinity and temperature
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Aquatic Microbial Ecology. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0948-3055 .- 1616-1564. ; 77:1, s. 37-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies on the responses of tropical microbial communities to changing hydrographic conditions are poorly represented. We present here the results from a mesocosm experiment conducted in coastal southwestern India to investigate how changes in temperature and salinity may affect a coastal tropical microbial community. The onset of algal and bacterial blooms, maximum production and biomass, and the interrelationship between phytoplankton and bacteria were studied in replicated mesocosms. The treatments were set up to feature ambient conditions (28°C, 35 PSU), hyposalinity (31 PSU), warming (31°C), and a double manipulation treatment with warming and hyposalinity (31°C, 31 PSU). The hyposaline treatment had the most considerable influence, manifested as significantly lower primary production, and the most dissimilar microphytoplankton species community. The increased temperature acted as a catalyst in the double manipulation treatment, and higher primary production was maintained. We investigated the dynamics of the microbial community with a structural equation model and found a significant interrelationship between phytoplankton biomass and bacterial abundance. Using this methodology, it became evident that temperature and salinity changes, individually and together, mediate direct and indirect effects that influence different compartments of the microbial loop. In the face of climate change, we suggest that in relatively nutrient-replete tropical coastal zones, salinity and temperature changes will affect nutrient assimilation, with subsequent significant effects on the quantity of microbial biomass and production.
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| 3. |
- Kumar, Kundan, et al.
(författare)
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Multirate Undrained Splitting for Coupled Flow and Geomechanics in Porous Media
- 2016
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Ingår i: NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS (ENUMATH 2015). - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783319399294 - 9783319399270 ; , s. 431-440
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider a multirate iterative scheme for the quasi-static Biot equations modelling the coupled flow and geomechanics in a porous medium. The iterative scheme is based on undrained splitting where the flow and mechanics equations are decoupled with the mechanics solve followed by the pressure solve. The multirate scheme proposed here uses different time steps for the two equations, that is, uses q flow steps for each coarse mechanics step and may be interpreted as using a regularization parameter for the mechanics equation. We prove the convergence of the scheme and the proof reveals the appropriate regularization parameter and also the effect of the number of flow steps within coarse mechanics step on the convergence rate.
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| 4. |
- Milan, Riccardo, et al.
(författare)
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A Player Often Neglected: Electrochemical Comprehensive Analysis of Counter Electrodes for Quantum Dot Solar Cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 8:12, s. 7766-7776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role played by the counter electrode (CE) in quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) is crucial: it is indeed responsible for catalyzing the regeneration of the redox electrolyte after its action to take back the oxidized light harvesters to the ground state, thus keeping the device active and stable. The activity of CE is moreover directly related to the fill factor and short circuit current through the resistance of the interface electrode–electrolyte that affects the series resistance of the cell. Despite that, too few efforts have been devoted to a comprehensive analysis of this important device component. In this work we combine an extensive electrochemical characterization of the most common materials exploited as CEs in QDSSCs (namely, Pt, Au, Cu2S obtained by brass treatment, and Cu2S deposited on conducting glass via spray) with a detailed characterization of their surface composition and morphology, aimed at systematically defining the relationship between their nature and electrocatalytic activity.
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| 5. |
- Selopal, Gurpreet Singh, et al.
(författare)
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Metal-free organic dyes for TiO2 and ZnO dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the synthesis and characterization of new metal-free organic dyes (namely B18, BTD-R, and CPTD-R) which designed with D-π-A concept to extending the light absorption region by strong conjugation group of π-linker part and applied as light harvester in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We compared the photovoltaic performance of these dyes in two different photoanodes: a standard TiO2 mesoporous photoanode and a ZnO photoanode composed of hierarchically assembled nanostructures. The results demonstrated that B18 dye has better photovoltaic properties compared to other two dyes (BTD-R and CPTD-R) and each dye has higher current density (Jsc) when applied to hierarchical ZnO nanocrystallites than the standard TiO2 mesoporous film. Transient photocurrent and photovoltage decay measurements (TCD/TVD) were applied to systematically study the charge transport and recombination kinetics in these devices, showing the electron life time (τR) of B18 dye in ZnO and TiO2 based DSSCs is higher than CPTD-R and BTD-R based DSSCs, which is consistent with the photovoltaic performances. The conversion efficiency in ZnO based DSSCs can be further boosted by 35%, when a compact ZnO blocking layer (BL) is applied to inhibit electron back reaction
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