| 1. |
- Dauriach, Alice, 1991-
(författare)
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Financial institutions, companies, and the biosphere
- 2022
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- International organisations, governments and civil society have become increasingly vocal in their demands that financial institutions take social and environmental responsibility for the companies they invest in. Some financial institutions have started to assume this responsibility in practice by building international alliances and standards, by reallocating their capital, and by trying to influence corporate policies towards environmental and social goals. Through their ability to allocate and price capital, financial institutions are sometimes believed to be a leverage point to enact rapid and large-scale change towards sustainability. The influence these financial institutions have is still under-researched, however, especially on companies in sectors associated with changes in the biosphere which pose severe risks to human development. In this thesis, I ask: to what extent can financial institutions advance biosphere-based sustainability through their investments in companies? I have three main aims. The first one is to identify key companies and financial institutions which can be linked to changes in the biosphere that pose severe risks to human wellbeing. I select the most critical commodity production sectors driving large-scale biosphere change using insights from social-ecological systems science. I focus on economic activities that result in anthropogenic land use changes that either affect known tipping points in the climate system (the Amazon rainforest), or that increase the risk of emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne and zoonotic diseases. The second aim is to develop methods to assess the degree of influence that financial institutions have on corporate activities, drawing from finance research and management theory. I investigate the relationship between financial institutions and large companies, and especially to what extent companies are reliant on different financial flows for their operations, in order to determine through which mechanisms financial institutions could exert influence on them, if at all. Assessing the potential influence of financial institutions on companies requires combining existing methods and bringing together disconnected sources of data about environmental impact, business activity, investments, and financing sources. The third aim is to analyse what factors pose limits to financial influence.Paper 1 analyses the role played by financial institutions as owners in industries associated with anthropogenic land use changes and, as a result, increased zoonotic disease risks. We identify publicly listed companies present in nine regional case studies, as well as the financial institutions that invest in them. We analyse those financial institutions’ potential influence based on both their ownership size and their position in the network of owners.Paper 2 examines the origin of loans obtained by all companies operating in the high deforestation-risk sectors of mineral production, soy trade or cattle trade in the Brazilian Amazon. We assess to what extent companies rely on relatively unaccountable sources of credit, notably credit from secrecy jurisdictions and transnational intra-company credit, which may limit the potential for influence from financial institutions.In conclusion, I find that financial institutions have an important role to play in many sectors and regions analysed, but that this role is limited by a number of factors. These factors include the prevalence of non-financial shareholders in some companies, especially in case studies in the Global South, and the reliance of companies on internal finance and financial flows from secrecy jurisdictions. Companies themselves, and the inner workings of their corporate groups – their private owners, their subsidiaries in various countries, their ethical stance – seem to also be of great importance.
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| 2. |
- Kazlou, Aliaksei, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Trade unions, refugees and immigrant labour: Has the attitude changed? The stance of Swedish blue‐collar trade unions as evidenced by sentiment analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Industrial relations journal. - : WILEY. - 0019-8692 .- 1468-2338.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The attitude of trade unions towards migration and migrants, be it of asylum seekers or those in search of jobs and better incomes, differs substantially across European countries. No matter the original stance, a common current pattern is that of the willingness to accept migrants being eroded over time. To see whether this is the case also in a country that both proved welcoming to labour migrants and refugees during the opening decades of the new millennium, we set out to explore the attitudes of blue-collar trade unions in Sweden. Based on a diverse set of material issuing from the unions themselves, we use sentiment analysis to assess whether there are any changes to be discerned in the opinions of the representatives of 12 blue-collar trade unions and their national confederation. At its most general, the trend appears to turn more negative over time, yet the influence of defining events and legal changes is not so easily observed at the aggregate level. The union representing workers in the industry with the largest proportion of immigrant labour, the Hotel and Restaurant Workers' Union, is therefore selected for closer analysis. To the extent that changes can, or cannot, be observed, we relate those to major events and policy changes that have taken place over the 2010s.
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| 3. |
- Lerpold, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Decoupling and redistribution in realising the Sustainable Development Goals
- 2023. - 1st
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Ingår i: Interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781803924946 - 9781803924939 - 1803924934 ; , s. 16-36
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Climate, environment and social sustainability are most often theorised and empirically depicted as separate challenges. We explore the interdependence and trade-offs between the goals and suggest that decoupling must have a more prominent focus. Unlike the rapidly expanding body of quantitative goal and target correlation studies, we focus on the underlying conceptual issues. The SDGs focusing on social goals are correlated with economic growth and SDG 8 in a positive way. At the same time, increased climate emissions and ecological footprint are negatively correlated with economic growth and SDG 8. If the social goals are to be met, economic growth must continue but without it increasing the planetary footprint of humankind in the natural world. For now, at least, evidence of such needed decoupling continues to be patchy at best. We conclude with a discussion of redistribution as a possible solution.
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| 4. |
- Lerpold, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Migration and Integration in a Post-Pandemic World
- 2023. - 1st Edition
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Ingår i: Migration and Integration in a Post-Pandemic World: Socioeconomic Opportunities and Challenges. - Cham, Switzerland : Springer Nature. - 9783031191534 - 9783031191527 - 9783031191558 ; , s. 385-409
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter forms the conclusion to Migration and Integration in a Post-pandemic World: Socioeconomic Opportunities and Challenges and attempts to integrate our broad knowledge of migration and integration before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. As the impacts and consequences of the virus will likely play out over a long time to come, it is at time of publication too early to definitively write post-pandemic. Our conclusion links the individual chapter contributions in this volume into the broader migration and integration literature before and during the pandemic and highlights each chapter’s unique insights into the migration and integration literature afforded by the globally critical event.
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| 5. |
- Lerpold, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Migration, Integration, and the Pandemic
- 2023. - 1st Edition
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Ingår i: Migration and Integration in a Post-Pandemic World: Socioeconomic Opportunities and Challenges. - Cham, Switzerland : Springer Nature. - 9783031191534 - 9783031191527 - 9783031191558 ; , s. 1-28
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- International migration and the integration of new residents continue to be not just a key challenge but also an opportunity for nations around the world. Demographically aging nations are dependent on foreign workers to sustain their economies. Richer countries constitute beacons for upward mobility for those from more impoverished backgrounds. On the other hand, these same countries contribute to the “brain drain” that hampers the developing world. Meanwhile, migrant access, reception, and integration at destination are at the heart of policy debates and research alike.
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| 6. |
- Lerpold, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Those most negatively impacted by COVID-19: Although anyone is at risk, some groups are more susceptible to the effects of COVID-19 than others
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sweden through the crisis. - Stockholm : Stockholm School of Economics Institute for Research. - 9789186797386 ; , s. 351-356
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this article, Lin Lerpold and Örjan Sjöberg discuss one of the most pressing issues with COVID-19, that the effects are not impacting equally across socio-economic groups. Studying the integration of immigrants within the hospitality sector, the authors show that not only are these groups overrepresented among those immediately affected, they are also vulnerable for losing their jobs more long-term when their employers struggle to bounce back.
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| 7. |
- Lerpold, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Tourism as (Un)sustainable Production and Consumption
- 2020. - 1
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Ingår i: Sustainable Consumption and Production, Volume II: Circular Economy and Beyond. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030552855 - 9783030552848 ; , s. 149-170
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter reviews the literature on sustainable production and consumption of tourism to map both sides of the coin. As such it focuses on the shifts (and at times trade-offs) between different classes of sustainability concerns, and the variegated emphasis on the local versus the global. It concludes that the global significance of some local circumstances (indeed disorders) is yet to receive the attention it deserves.
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| 8. |
- Lerpold, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Advantage? Sustainability Trade-Offs Across and Within the Intra-Urban Space
- 2021. - 1st
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Ingår i: Sustainable Consumption and Production. Volume I, Challenges and Development. - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030563714 - 9783030563707 ; , s. 283-313
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- “Sustainable cities” as a singular concept may very well be a utopian vision impossible to realise in a broader sense. In this chapter, we review the literature on urban sustainability highlighting the complexities and trade-offs between and within the 3 Es—ecology, economy and equality. In particular, we focus here on the intra-urban dimensions of density, mobility, the built environment and housing, lifestyle trends and gentrification along with social sustainability issues of crime, homelessness and community. While gains from increased size and density can be had, there are also many outcomes that depend on urban morphology and the consequences of spatial sorting. Positive outcomes generated by density and efficiency may be offset by, for instance, less sustainable construction materials or increased income inequality. In particular, rebound effects are often overlooked. Hence, it often becomes an empirical issue whether the potential for sustainability gains materialise. Furthermore, as assessed from a more holistic 3 Es’ view, where social sustainability is as important as environmental sustainability, the potential of a “sustainable city” may be a victim of trade-offs that are difficult to resolve.
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| 9. |
- Lerpold, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Advantage? Sustainable Consumption and Ontological Cityism Across the Urban Hierarchy
- 2021. - 1st
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Ingår i: Sustainable Consumption and Production. Volume I, Challenges and Development. - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030563714 - 9783030563707 - 9783030563738 ; , s. 263-282
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban areas are often, and not without reason, portrayed as an opportunity to reduce environmental impacts: more effective use of land, better opportunities for the provision of public transport and less need on a per capita basis for investment in physical infrastructure. This is also the message of the literature on urban scaling. The very nature of the agglomeration economies that allow for economising on natural resources may, however, result in higher levels of per capita consumption. A major reason is that high density often translates into higher costs of space, in turn encouraging the concentration of high(er) productivity activities in major cities. As a result, spatial sorting occurs (e.g. with respect to educational attainment and incomes) and with it potentially also a differentiation of consumption patterns. In consequence, not just size and density, but also position in the urban hierarchy may need to be taken into account in assessing sustainability outcomes. To grasp the issue of urban sustainability, however, intra-urban differentiation too, will have to be considered in tandem with the inter-urban issues of boundary drawing for measurement—what we call “ontological cityism”. This is especially so if the focus shifts from the environmental to the social dimensions of sustainability, and if the trade-offs across the three pillars of sustainability are to be understood.
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| 10. |
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Migration and Integration in a Post-Pandemic World : Socioeconomic Opportunities and Challenges
- 2023. - 1st Edition
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic, this book explores current migration and integration challenges. Against the background of long-term migration trends, it asks whether the pandemic has changed the patterns observed, transformed the circumstances international migrants face at destination or whether the opportunities and challenges for integration have been altered. Twenty-four researchers have contributed to this volume with research attention on how COVID-19 has affected transnationalism and identity, labour market employment, and impacted the discrimination of migrants in a variety of ways. Loyalties and tensions created by the need to include also hesitant migrant groups in vaccination programmes are explored. The role of cosmopolitanism and welfare chauvinism in narratives on inward migrations flows, the stance of trade unions on migration, the complexities of implementing return policies, and the challenges faced by unaccompanied refugee youth from Afghanistan are also discussed.
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