| 1. |
- Sjöberg, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with physical activity reduction in Swedish older adults during the first COVID-19 outbreak : a longitudinal population-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Review of Aging and Physical Activity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1813-7253 .- 1861-6909. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Physical activity (PA) decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among older adults, potentially leading to adverse consequences for their health. However, factors associated with reductions of PA during the pandemic have not been examined in a population-based sample of older adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the association of pre-pandemic physical, mental, social and lifestyle factors with reductions in PA in older adults during the first wave of COVID-19, and whether the associations differed by age and sex.Methods: A population-based sample of 624 participants aged 65-99 years were identified from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) COVID19 Study. Information on pre-pandemic factors was collected through clinical examinations, interviews, and self-administered questionnaires in 2016-2019. Changes in light and intense PA during the first wave of the pandemic (May-September 2020) were self-reported. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models, stratified by age (<70 vs. >80 years) and sex.Results: There was an association between pre-pandemic levels of higher depressive symptom burden (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.6, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.1-6.4, <70 years), and impaired balance (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.8, >80 years old) with reductions in light-intensity PA. Furthermore, the presence of musculoskeletal disease (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-2.9, <70 years; OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2-4.4, men), moderate/high levels of neuroticism (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.6, <70 years; OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.5, women), and poor levels of social support (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-4.3, >80 years) were related to reductions in higher-intensity PA. Those who were current smokers (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8, <70 years; OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.06-0.7, women), or had impaired balance (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8, >80 years) were less likely to reduce their levels of higher-intensity PA.Conclusions: For future pandemics or waves of COVID-19, development of strategies is warranted for older individuals with psychiatric- or physical illness/dysfunction, as well as those with poor social support to counteract reductions in physical activities.
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| 2. |
- Sjöberg, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Low Mood and Risk of Dementia : The Role of Marital Status and Living Situation
- 2020
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Ingår i: The American journal of geriatric psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1064-7481 .- 1545-7214. ; 28:1, s. 33-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study aims to explore whether low mood is related to an increased dementia risk in two cohorts of older adults of different generations, and whether marital status and living situation modify this association. Methods: Participants (>= 70 years), free from dementia and living at home, were identified from two population-based studies: the Kungsholmen Project (KP; n = 1,197) and the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K; n = 1,402). Low mood was obtained by self-report (KP and SNAC-K) at baseline in 1987-89 (KP) and 2001-04 (SNAC-K). Incident dementia cases were ascertained over 9 years, using the same diagnostic procedures and comparable criteria for the two cohorts (DSM-III-R in KP and DSM-IV-TR in SNAC-K). Hazard ratios (HR) were derived from Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Those having low mood at baseline were at higher risk of dementia in both cohorts combined (HR: 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-1.4) than those without low mood. However, an increased risk was detected only in those who did not have a partner (HR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-1.9), or lived alone (HR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-1.9), but not among those who had a partner or lived with someone (HR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.5-1.2). Conclusion: Marital status and living situation have the potential to buffer the detrimental effects of low mood on dementia onset. Thus, specific attention from health care should target individuals having low mood and who do not have a partner or live alone.
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| 3. |
- Sparrman, Anna, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Child Studies Multiple : Collaborative play for thinking through theories and methods
- 2023
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Ingår i: Culture Unbound. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 2000-1525. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This text is an exploration of collaborative thinking and writing through theories, methods, and experiences on the topic of the child, children, and childhood. It is a collaborative written text (with 32 authors) that sprang out of the experimental workshop Child Studies Multiple. The workshop and this text are about daring to stay with mess, “un-closure” , and uncertainty in order to investigate the (e)motions and complexities of being either a child or a researcher. The theoretical and methodological processes presented here offer an opportunity to shake the ground on which individual researchers stand by raising questions about scientific inspiration, theoretical and methodological productivity, and thinking through focusing on process, play, and collaboration. The effect of this is a questioning of the singular academic ‘I’ by exploring and showing what a plural ‘I’ can look like. It is about what the multiplicity of voice can offer research in a highly individualistic time. The article allows the reader to follow and watch the unconventional trial-and-error path of the ongoing-ness of exploring theories and methods together as a research community via methods of drama, palimpsest, and fictionary.
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| 4. |
- Thörnqvist, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Linear Epitope Binding Patterns of Grass Pollen-Specific Antibodies in Allergy and in Response to Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Allergy. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-6101. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Allergic diseases affect many individuals world-wide and are dependent on the interaction between allergens and antibodies of the IgE isotype. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) can alter the development of the disease, e.g., through induction of allergen-specific IgG that block allergen-IgE interactions. The knowledge of epitopes recognized by allergy-causing and protective antibodies are limited. Therefore, we developed an allergome-wide peptide microarray, aiming to track linear epitope binding patterns in allergic diseases and during AIT. Here, we focused on immune responses to grass pollen allergens and found that such epitopes were commonly recognized before initiation of AIT and that AIT commonly resulted in increased antibody production against additional epitopes already after 1 year of treatment. The linear epitope binding patterns were highly individual, both for subjects subjected to and for individuals not subjected to AIT. Still, antibodies against some linear epitopes were commonly developed during AIT. For example, the two rigid domains found in grass pollen group 5 allergens have previously been associated to a diversity of discontinuous epitopes. Here, we present evidence that also the flexible linker, connecting these domains, contains regions of linear epitopes against which antibodies are developed during AIT. We also describe some commonly recognized linear epitopes on Phl p 2 and suggest how antibodies against these epitopes may contribute to or prevent allergy in relation to a well-defined stereotyped/public IgE response against the same allergen. Finally, we identify epitopes that induce cross-reactive antibodies, but also antibodies that exclusively bind one of two highly similar variants of a linear epitope. Our findings highlight the complexity of antibody recognition of linear epitopes, with respect to both the studied individuals and the examined allergens. We expect that many of the findings in this study can be generalized also to discontinuous epitopes and that allergen peptide microarrays provide an important tool for enhancing the understanding of allergen-specific antibodies in allergic disease and during AIT.
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| 5. |
- Triolo, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging late-life depression and chronic somatic diseases : a network analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The clinical presentation of late-life depression is highly heterogeneous and likely influenced by the co-presence of somatic diseases. Using a network approach, this study aims to explore how depressive symptoms are interconnected with each other, as well as with different measures of somatic disease burden in older adults. We examined cross-sectional data on 2860 individuals aged 60+ from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, Stockholm. The severity of sixteen depressive symptoms was clinically assessed with the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale. We combined data from individual clinical assessment and health-registers to construct eight system-specific disease clusters (cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, metabolic, musculoskeletal, respiratory, sensory, and unclassified), along with a measure of overall somatic burden. The interconnection among depressive symptoms, and with disease clusters was explored through networks based on Spearman partial correlations. Bridge centrality index and network loadings were employed to identify depressive symptoms directly connecting disease clusters and depression. Sadness, pessimism, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts were the most interconnected symptoms of the depression network, while somatic symptoms of depression were less interconnected. In the network integrating depressive symptoms with disease clusters, suicidal thoughts, reduced appetite, and cognitive difficulties constituted the most consistent bridge connections. The same bridge symptoms emerged when considering an overall measure of somatic disease burden. Suicidal thoughts, reduced appetite, and cognitive difficulties may play a key role in the interconnection between late-life depression and somatic diseases. If confirmed in longitudinal studies, these bridging symptoms could constitute potential targets in the prevention of late-life depression.
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| 6. |
- Triolo, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Late-life depression and multimorbidity trajectories : the role of symptom complexity and severity
- 2023
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Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-0729 .- 1468-2834. ; 52:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction as late-life depression is associated with poor somatic health, we aimed to investigate the role of depression severity and symptom phenotypes in the progression of somatic multimorbidity. Methods we analysed data from 3,042 dementia-free individuals (60+) participating in the population-based Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen. Using the baseline clinical assessment of 21 depressive symptoms from the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale, we: (i) diagnosed major, minor (in accordance with DSM-IV-TR) and subsyndromal depression; (ii) extracted symptom phenotypes by applying exploratory network graph analysis. Somatic multimorbidity was measured as the number of co-occurring chronic diseases over a 15-year follow-up. Linear mixed models were used to explore somatic multimorbidity trajectories in relation to baseline depression diagnoses and symptom phenotypes, while accounting for sociodemographic and behavioural factors. Results in multi-adjusted models, relative to individuals without depression, those with major (beta per year: 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.61) and subsyndromal depression (beta per year: 0.21, 95%CI: 0.12-0.30) experienced an accelerated rate of somatic multimorbidity accumulation, whereas those with minor depression did not. We identified affective, anxiety, cognitive, and psychomotor symptom phenotypes from the network analysis. When modelled separately, an increase in symptom score for each phenotype was associated with faster multimorbidity accumulation, although only the cognitive phenotype retained its association in a mutually adjusted model (beta per year: 0.07, 95%CI: 0.03-0.10). Conclusions late-life major and subsyndromal depression are associated with accelerated somatic multimorbidity. Depressive symptoms characterised by a cognitive phenotype are linked to somatic health change in old age.
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| 7. |
- Triolo, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-pandemic Physical Function and Social Network in Relation to COVID-19-Associated Depressive Burden in Older Adults in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Innovation in Aging. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2399-5300. ; 6:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as the measures intended to limit its spread, have likely affected older adults’ depressive burden. Good physical functioning and a rich social network may benefit older adults’ mental health. We examined whether pre-pandemic physical functioning and social network were associated with depressive burden during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Stockholm, Sweden.Research Design and Methods: A telephone assessment of depressive burden using the symptoms of sadness, anxiety, worrying, reduced sleep, and reduced appetite was conducted in May–September 2020 in 930 older adults from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), an ongoing population-based study. Objective measures of gait speed, muscle strength, and balance; and self-reports of social connections and support were collected in 2016–2019. Logistic models were adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, and pandemic-related factors (loneliness, change in physical and social engagement, and experience of death due to COVID-19).Results: Only good muscle strength (odds ratio [OR]: 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32–0.85; ref: poor strength, ≥17 s) and rich social support (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.45–0.99; ref: poor support) exhibited an independent association with depressive burden, even after accounting for pandemic-related factors. A combination of good muscle strength and rich social support were associated with the greatest reduction in depressive burden (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.18–0.66; ref: poor social support and poor muscle strength).Discussion and Implications: Prepandemic social support and muscle strength could supply older adults with resilience against the depressive burden associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
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| 8. |
- Triolo, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Social engagement in late life may attenuate the burden of depressive symptoms due to financial strain in childhood
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 263, s. 336-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It remains poorly understood if childhood financial strain is associated with old-age depression and if active social life may mitigate this relationship.Aims: To investigate the association between childhood financial strain and depressive symptoms during aging; to examine whether late-life social engagement modifies this association.Method: 2884 dementia-free individuals (aged 60 + ) from the Swedish National study of Aging and CareKungsholmen were clinically examined over a 15-year follow-up. Presence of childhood financial strain was ascertained at baseline. Depressive symptoms were repeatedly assessed with the Montgomery-angstrom sberg Depression Rating Scale. Social engagement comprised information on baseline social network and leisure activities. Linear, logistic and mixed-effect models estimated baseline and longitudinal associations accounting for sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors.Results: Childhood financial strain was independently associated with a higher baseline level of depressive symptoms (beta = 0.37, 95%CI 0.10-0.65), but not with symptom change over time. Relative to those without financial strain and with active social engagement, depressive burden was increased in those without financial strain but with inactive social engagement (beta = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.15-0.71), and in those with both financial strain and inactive engagement (beta = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.59-1.40). Individuals with financial strain and active social engagement exhibited similar depressive burden as those without financial strain and with active social engagement.Limitations: Recall bias and reverse causality may affect study results, although sensitivity analyses suggest their limited effect.Conclusions: Early-life financial strain may be of lasting importance for old-age depressive symptoms. Active social engagement in late-life may mitigate this association.
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| 9. |
- Triolo, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Somatic disease burden and depression risk in late life : a community-based study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. - 2045-7960 .- 2045-7979. ; 33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. Co-occurring somatic diseases exhibit complex clinical profiles, which can differentially impact the development of late-life depression. Within a community-based cohort, we aimed to explore the association between somatic disease burden, both in terms of the number of diseases and their patterns, and the incidence of depression in older people.Methods. We analysed longitudinal data of depression- and dementia-free individuals aged 60+ years from the population-based Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen. Depression diagnoses were clinically ascertained following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision over a 15-year follow-up. Somatic disease burden was assessed at baseline through a comprehensive list of chronic diseases obtained by combining information from clinical examinations, medication reviews and national registers and operationalized as (i) disease count and (ii) patterns of co-occurring diseases from latent class analysis. The association of somatic disease burden with depression incidence was investigated using Cox models, accounting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical factors.Results. The analytical sample comprised 2904 people (mean age, 73.2 [standard deviation (SD), 10.5]; female, 63.1%). Over the follow-up (mean length, 9.6 years [SD, 4 years]), 225 depression cases were detected. Each additional disease was associated with the occurrence of any depression in a dose–response manner (hazard ratio [HR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 1.24). As for disease patterns, individuals presenting with sensory/anaemia (HR, 1.91; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.53), thyroid/musculoskeletal (HR, 1.90; 95% CI: 1.06, 3.39) and cardiometabolic (HR, 2.77; 95% CI: 1.40, 5.46) patterns exhibited with higher depression hazards, compared to those without 2+ diseases (multimorbidity). In the subsample of multimorbid individuals (85%), only the cardiometabolic pattern remained associated with a higher depression hazard compared to the unspecific pattern (HR, 1.71; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.84).Conclusions. Both number and patterns of co-occurring somatic diseases are associated with an increased risk of late-life depression. Mental health should be closely monitored among older adults with high somatic burden, especially if affected by cardiometabolic multimorbidity.
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| 10. |
- Triolo, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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The complex interplay between depression and multimorbidity in late life : risks and pathways
- 2020
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Ingår i: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. - : Elsevier BV. - 0047-6374 .- 1872-6216. ; 192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multimorbidity and depression are complex multifactorial conditions with major implications for older individuals, their families, and healthcare providers. In this scoping review, we aimed to 1) review findings from longitudinal epidemiological studies investigating the association between multimorbidity and depression; 2) identify potential mechanisms linking multimorbidity and depression; 3) discuss challenges to advance the research field. Overall, evidence emerging from longitudinal studies supports a bidirectional association between the two conditions, although studies are methodologically heterogeneous in terms of design, inclusion criteria, measurement of multimorbidity and depression, and length of follow-up. A variety of biological, psychosocial, and care-related drivers may regulate the transition from multimorbidity to depression, and the other way around, although these mechanisms are yet to be explicitly verified. Further research is required to unravel the intricate interplay between multimorbidity, depression, their common drivers, and precipitating factors underlying the relationship between the two conditions. Understanding these processes will inform strategies aimed at promoting mental and physical health during aging.
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