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- Annerbrink, Kristina, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism and panic disorder: A replication
- 2010
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Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 178:1, s. 196-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism and panic disorder was studied in a Swedish sample of 211 patients and 452 controls. We found a significant excess of the Val allele in both male and female patients, the latter but not the former finding being in line with previous studies.
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| 3. |
- Annerbrink, Kristina, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Panic disorder is associated with the Val308Iso polymorphism in the hypocretin receptor gene
- 2011
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Ingår i: PSYCHIATRIC GENETICS. - : Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 21:2, s. 85-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Orexin A and B are neuropeptides influencing, for example, arousal and respiration. Although panic disorder is characterized by both enhanced proneness for arousal and by respiratory abnormalities, the possible influence of orexin-related genes on the risk of developing this disorder has not been studied until now. Methods We have analyzed the Ile408Val polymorphism in the hypocretin receptor 1 (HCRTR1) gene and the Val308Iso (G1246A) polymorphism in the hypocretin receptor 2 (HCRTR2) gene in a sample of 215 panic disorder patients and 454 controls. Results Although the polymorphism in the HCRTR1 did not differ between groups, the Iso allele of the HCRTR2 polymorphism was significantly more frequent in patients than in controls. After the population was divided according to sex, the association between the Iso allele of the Val308Iso polymorphism and panic disorder was observed only in female patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that the HCRTR2 polymorphism may be of importance for the pathophysiology of panic disorder. The results should be regarded as preliminary until replicated in an independent sample. This indicates that further research on the possible role of orexin in panic disorder may prove rewarding.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Caroline, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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A possible association between panic disorder and a polymorphism in the preproghrelin gene
- 2013
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Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 206:1, s. 22-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate whether polymorphisms in the preproghrelin gene are associated with anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder, in humans. Panic disorder is a severe anxiety disorder, characterized by sudden attacks of intense fear or anxiety in combination with somatic symptoms. The preproghrelin gene codes for two gut-derived circulating peptides that have been linked to anxiety-like behaviour in rodents: ghrelin (an orexigenic, pro-obesity hormone) and obestatin. In the present study, we genotyped three missense mutations in the preproghrelin gene in 215 patients suffering from panic disorder and in 451 controls. The A allele of the rs4684677 polymorphism was significantly associated with panic disorder, while there were no significant associations with the two other polymorphisms studied. We conclude that the rs4684677 (Gln90Leu) polymorphism in the preproghrelin gene may be associated with increased risk of panic disorder. It will be important to confirm these findings in additional panic disorder patient groups.
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- Skogh, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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High Correlation Between Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Olanzapine Concentrations in Patients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder Medicating With Oral Olanzapine as the Only Antipsychotic Drug
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. - : Williams and Wilkins. - 0271-0749 .- 1533-712X. ; 31:1, s. 4-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between steady state serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of olanzapine (OLA) and its metabolite 4'-N-desmethylolanzapine (DMO) in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated with oral OLA as the only antipsychotic drug. The influence of smoking, gender, age, as well as polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 CYP2D6, CYP1A2, and ABCB1 genes on the serum and CSF drug levels was also analyzed. Thirty-seven white outpatients (10 smokers and 27 nonsmokers) were included. From 29 of them, CSF was collected successfully. A strong correlation (Spearman rank correlation [r(s)] = 0.93; P = 0.05) was found between serum and CSF concentrations of OLA and a somewhat weaker correlation (r(s) = 0.5; P = 0.05) between those of DMO. The CSF concentrations of OLA and DMO were on average 12% and 16% of those in serum. Extensive metabolizers of CYP2D6 had higher (P = 0.05) daily doses than poor metabolizers when the influence of smoking was taken into account. Smokers had lower (P = 0.01) concentration-to-dose ratios of OLA in serum (mean, 2.23 ng/mL per mg vs 3.32 ng/mL per mg) and CSF (0.27 ng/mL per mg vs 0.41 ng/mL per mg) than nonsmokers. The concentration-to-dose ratio for serum DMO decreased with increasing age (r(s) = -0.41; P = 0.05). Carriers of ABCB1 1236T/2677T/3435T haplotype had higher serum (mean, 37.7 ng/mL vs 22.5 ng/mL; P = 0.035) and CSF (4.7 ng/mL vs 2.6 ng/mL; P = 0.018) OLA concentrations than patients without this haplotype. The present study shows a strong correlation between serum and CSF concentrations of OLA, indicating that concentrations of OLA in serum reflect those in CSF.
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| 6. |
- Skogh, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Olanzapine in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Elsevier. - 0924-977X .- 1873-7862. ; 20:Suppl. 3, s. S469-S469
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The relationship between serum and CSF concentrations of olanzapine (OLA) in humans has to our knowledge not been described earlier. Few studies have investigated how the CYP2D6 and CYP1A2 polymorphisms affect OLA pharmacoki- netics in humans [1] [2]. Polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene have been associated with altered pharmacokinetics of certain drugs including risperidone [3].The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between steady state serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) con- centrations of OLA and its metabolite 4t -N-desmethylolanzapine (DMO) and to address the influence of smoking, gender, age as well as polymorphisms in genes coding for OLA metabolism (CYP2D6, CYP1A2) and transport (ABCB1) in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, treated with oral OLAas the only antipsychotic drug.Methods: Thirty seven Caucasian outpatients (10 smokers and27 non-smokers), suffering from schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder according to DSM-IV criteria were included in the study. From 29 out of them, CSF was collected successfully.Fasting blood samples were collected in the morning for analy- ses of OLA and DMO and for genotyping (polymorphisms of CYP2D6, CYP1A2 and ABCB1). Lumbar puncture was per- formed at close connection to blood sampling at the minimum of eight hours in the fasting state. The blood and CSF samples were stored at −70ºC until analysed.A validated accurate and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was used for the analysis of OLA and DMO. Analytes were quantified by using linear gradient reversed phase chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection operating in positive electro-sprayionization mode with multiple reactions monitoring (MRM).Results: A strong correlation (rs =0.93; p < 0.05) was foundbetween serum and CSF concentrations of OLA and a somewhatweaker (rs =0.5; p < 0.05) between those of DMO. The CSF con- centrations of OLA and DMO were in average 13% and 16% of those in serum. Extensive metabolizers of CYP2D6 were pre- scribed higher (p < 0.05) daily doses than poor metabolizers when the influence of smoking habits was taken into account. Smokers had lower concentration-to-dose ratios (C/D) of OLA both in serum and CSF than non-smokers (median 7 vs. 10 nmol/L/mg in serum and 0.8 vs. 1.3 nmol/L/mg in CSF; p < 0.01). C/D for serum DMO decreased with increasing age (rs = −0.41; p < 0.05). Carriers of ABCB1 1236T/2677T/3435T haplotype had higher serum (median 112 vs. 80 nmol/L; p < 0.05) and CSF (13.7 vs. 8.1 nmol/L; p < 0.05) OLA concentrations than patients without this haplotype. Patients treated with benzodiazepines and/or zopiclone (n = 8) had higher DMO and DMO/OLA ratio (p < 0.05 for both) in CSF compared to patients not co-medicating with these drugs (n = 21), even when smoking habits were taken into account.Conclusion: The present study shows a very good correlation between serum and CSF concentrations of OLA, indicating thatconcentrations of OLA in serum reflect the situation in CSF.References[1] Hägg S, Spigset O, Lakso H, et al. Olanzapine disposition in humans is unrelated to CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 phenotypes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol2001;57:493−97.[2] Carrillo JA, Herra´iz AG, Ramos SI, et al. Role of smoking-inducedcytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2 and polymorphic CYP2D6 in steady-stateconcentration of olanzapine. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2003;23:119−27.[3] Gunes A, Spina E, Dahl M-L, et al. ABCB1 polymorphisms influencesteady-state plasma levels of 9-hydroxyrisperidone and risperidoneactive moiety. Ther Drug Monit 2008;30:628−33.
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