| 1. |
- Engblom, Charlotte, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Nyanländas lärande och språkutvecklande arbetssätt : Rapport från en forskningscirkel
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport beskrivs processen i och resultatet av en forskningscirkel om nyanländas lärande och språkutvecklande arbetssätt. En utgångspunkt har varit begreppet stöttning - lärarens/pedagogens funktion som en sorts ”byggnadsställning” i elevens lärande. Det eleven inte klarar av på egen hand kan genomföras med rätt stöd - och i takt med att eleven utvecklas kan byggnadsställningen monteras ned. Stöttning har också varit en central aspekt i de fyra mindre projekt som deltagarna genomfört inom forskningscirkelns ramar.Forskningscirkeln har bedrivits inom Forum för samverkan på Uppsala universitet. Det är ett samarbete mellan universitetet och åtta kommuner i regionen: Enköping, Heby, Håbo, Knivsta, Sigtuna, Tierp, Uppsala och Östhammar. Forum för samverkans syfte är att bidra till ett ömsesidigt berikande kunskapsutbyte mellan förskola/skola/skolhuvudman och Uppsala universitet (www.forumforsamverkan.uu.se).
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Helena, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal study of occupational noise exposure and joint effects with job strain and risk for coronary heart disease and stroke in Swedish men.
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims were to investigate whether occupational noise increased the risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke and to elucidate interactions with stressful working conditions in a cohort of Swedish men.This is a prospective cohort study on CHD and stroke in Swedish men followed until death, hospital discharge or until 75 years of age, using Swedish national registers on cause of death and hospital discharges. Baseline data on occupation from 1974 to 1977 were used for classification of levels of occupational noise and job demand-control. Cox regression was used to analyse HRs for CHD and stroke.Swedish men born in 1915-1925.CHD and stroke.The participants of the study were men from the Primary Prevention Study, a random sample of 10 000 men born in 1915-1925 in Gothenburg. Subjects with CHD or stroke at baseline or were not employed were excluded. The remaining subjects with complete baseline data on occupation, weight, height, hypertension, diabetes, serum cholesterol and smoking constituted the study sample (5753 men).There was an increased risk for CHD in relation to noise levels 75-85 dB(A) and >85dB(A) compared with <75dB(A) (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.31, and HR 1.27, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.63, respectively). Exposure to noise peaks also increased the risk for CHD (HR 1.19, 95%CI 1.03 to 1.38). Among those with high strain (high demands and low control) combined with noise >75dB(A), the risk for CHD further increased (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.73). There was no significantly increased risk for stroke in any noise category.Exposure to occupational noise was associated with an increased risk for CHD and the risk further increased among those with concomitant exposure to high strain. None of the analysed variables were related to increased risk for stroke.
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| 3. |
- Grönqvist, Helena, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Fifteen Challenges in Establishing a Multidisciplinary Research Program on eHealth Research in a University Setting : A Case Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 19:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:U-CARE is a multidisciplinary eHealth research program that involves the disciplines of caring science, clinical psychology, health economics, information systems, and medical science. It was set up from scratch in a university setting in 2010, funded by a governmental initiative. While establishing the research program, many challenges were faced. Systematic documentation of experiences from establishing new research environments is scarce.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this paper was to describe the challenges of establishing a publicly funded multidisciplinary eHealth research environment.METHODS:Researchers involved in developing the research program U-CARE identified challenges in the formal documentation and by reflecting on their experience of developing the program. The authors discussed the content and organization of challenges into themes until consensus was reached.RESULTS:The authors identified 15 major challenges, some general to establishing a new research environment and some specific for multidisciplinary eHealth programs. The challenges were organized into 6 themes: Organization, Communication, Implementation, Legislation, Software development, and Multidisciplinarity.CONCLUSIONS:Several challenges were faced during the development of the program and several accomplishments were made. By sharing our experience, we hope to help other research groups embarking on a similar journey to be prepared for some of the challenges they are likely to face on their way.
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| 4. |
- Moen, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a novel in situ gelling skin dressing: Deliveringhigh levels of dissolved oxygen at pH 5.5
- 2018
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Ingår i: Health Sci Rep.. - : Wiley.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Wound healing requires appropriate oxygen and pH levels.Oxygen therapy and pH‐modulating treatments have shown positive effects onwound healing. Thus, a dressing, which combines high levels of dissolved oxygen(DO) with the pH of intact skin, may improve wound healing. Our aims were to (1) formulatean in situ gelling dressing with high levels of DO and with the pH level of intactskin, (2) evaluate physical and chemical properties of the dressing, and (3) elucidatebasic effects of elevated levels of DO on human skin cells in vitro.Methods: A dressing was formulated with 15 to 16 wt% poloxamer 407, acetatebuffer, and oxygenated water. Stability of pH and DO, rheology, and shelf life wereanalysed. Furthermore, in vitro studies of the effect of increased levels of DO wereperformed.Results: An in situ gelling wound dressing, with a DO concentration rangingbetween 25 and 35 mg/L and a pH of 5.5, was formulated. The DO concentrationwas stable above 22 mg/L for at least 30 hours when applied on a surface at 35°Cand covered for directed diffusion into the intended wound area. At storage, thedressing had stable pH for 3 months and stable DO concentration over 30 mg/L for7 weeks. Increasing DO significantly enhanced intracellular ATP in human skin cells,without changing reactive oxygen species production, proliferation rate, or viability.Conclusion: The developed dressing may facilitate wound healing by deliveringcontrolled and stable oxygen levels, providing adjustable pH for optimized healing,and increasing intracellular ATP availability.
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| 5. |
- Mustafa, Mudassir Imran, 1978-
(författare)
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Sustaining the Usefulness of eHealth Research Software : Lessons Learned in Action Design Research
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research software is vital to advancement in the sciences, engineering, humanities, and all other fields. Scientific research is dependent on the quality of and accessibility to research software. Research software is often developed hastily to solve one-off problems, leading to flimsy code that is not sustainable or usable beyond the lifetime of a given research project and is difficult for researchers, outside of the original context, to use, reuse or extend. It is critical to address the many challenges related to the development, deployment, and maintenance of research software. Therefore, there is a growing concern in the scientific community regarding designing sustainable research software. The academic research context refers to the environment or community concerned with scientific research, sponsored by research grants and public funding. Despite the increasing dependence on research software, software development practices in academia lag far behind those in the commercial sector.Health care relies on a very complex information technology architecture with many different IT components and also has a highly complex governance structure alongside the very rapid technology development. Additionally, there are ever-increasing demands and needs from health care users for more flexibility, more functionality and making the care transparent and patient-centred. Taken together, this poses significant challenges for eHealth and Information Systems researchers, as each artefact, depending on the context, has different quality characteristics to operationalise the requirements under consideration.The research objective is to explore what Information Systems researchers and practitioners need to be aware of for sustaining the usefulness of eHealth research software, in the academic research context. This longitudinal action design research (ADR) project, with its three cases, was conducted in an eHealth research project over a period of six years. Contributions from this research include the identification of quality characteristics and their enactment in the actual organisational settings, as well as empirically grounded design principles and a typology for sustaining the usefulness of eHealth research software, based on a formalisation of learning in the three ADR cases. This dissertation also contributes to the method space with the introduction of the augmented action design research (AADR) method, an extension of ADR, on how to conduct multiple ADR projects that build towards an overarching knowledge aim.Practice contributions are the design and development of internet-based eHealth research software to offer patients psychological treatment and support for issues resulting from physical illnesses, while also providing a chance for researchers to study the effectiveness of the aid provided. The dissertation also contributed in a broader sense to the research software development practice, as the findings extend to research areas in which research software is needed to read and interpret research data, and where software must continue to function so that it allows continued access and use of research data.
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| 6. |
- Pejler, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Acidic pH is essential for maintaining mast cell secretory granule homeostasis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cell Death and Disease. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-4889. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been recognized for a long time that the secretory granules of mast cells are acidic, but the functional importance of maintaining an acidic pH in the mast cell granules is not fully understood. Here we addressed this issue by examining the effects of raising the pH of the mast cell secretory granules. Mast cells were incubated with bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of the vacuolar-type ATPase proton pump. Supporting a role of vacuolar-type ATPase in mast cell granule acidification, bafilomycin A1 treatment caused a robust increase in granule pH. This was accompanied by marked effects on mast cell granules, including swelling and acquisition of vacuole-like morphology. Moreover, bafilomycin A1 caused extensive, yet selective effects on the granule content. These included aberrant processing of pro-carboxypeptidase A3 and a reduction in the level of intracellular histamine, the latter being accompanied by an increase in extracellular histamine. In contrast, the storage of beta-hexosaminidase, a prototype lysosomal hydrolase known to be stored in mast cell granules, was not affected by abrogation of granule acidification. Moreover, bafilomycin A1 caused a reduction of tryptase enzymatic activity and appearance of tryptase degradation products. Tryptase inhibition prevented the formation of such degradation products, suggesting that the pH elevation causes tryptase to undergo autoproteolysis. Taken together, our findings reveal that mast cell secretory granule homeostasis is critically dependent on an acidic milieu.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sjöström, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Medical Abortion Provided by Nurse-Midwives or Physicians in a High Resource Setting : A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The objective of the present study is to calculate the cost-effectiveness of early medical abortion performed by nurse-midwifes in comparison to physicians in a high resource setting where ultrasound dating is part of the protocol. Non-physician health care professionals have previously been shown to provide medical abortion as effectively and safely as physicians, but the cost-effectiveness of such task shifting remains to be established. Study design A cost effectiveness analysis was conducted based on data from a previously published randomized-controlled equivalence study including 1180 healthy women randomized to the standard procedure, early medical abortion provided by physicians, or the intervention, provision by nurse-midwifes. A 1.6% risk difference for efficacy defined as complete abortion without surgical interventions in favor of midwife provision was established which means that for every 100 procedures, the intervention treatment resulted in 1.6 fewer incomplete abortions needing surgical intervention than the standard treatment. The average direct and indirect costs and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated. The study was conducted at a university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. Results The average direct costs per procedure were EUR 45 for the intervention compared to EUR 58.3 for the standard procedure. Both the cost and the efficacy of the intervention were superior to the standard treatment resulting in a negative ICER at EUR -831 based on direct costs and EUR -1769 considering total costs per surgical intervention avoided. Conclusion Early medical abortion provided by nurse-midwives is more cost-effective than provision by physicians. This evidence provides clinicians and decision makers with an important tool that may influence policy and clinical practice and eventually increase numbers of abortion providers and reduce one barrier to women's access to safe abortion.
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| 9. |
- Ågerstam, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Antibodies targeting human IL1RAP (IL1R3) show therapeutic effects in xenograft models of acute myeloid leukemia.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 112:34, s. 10786-10791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with a poor survival rate, and there is an urgent need for novel and more efficient therapies, ideally targeting AML stem cells that are essential for maintaining the disease. The interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP; IL1R3) is expressed on candidate leukemic stem cells in the majority of AML patients, but not on normal hematopoietic stem cells. We show here that monoclonal antibodies targeting IL1RAP have strong antileukemic effects in xenograft models of human AML. We demonstrate that effector-cell-mediated killing is essential for the observed therapeutic effects and that natural killer cells constitute a critical human effector cell type. Because IL-1 signaling is important for the growth of AML cells, we generated an IL1RAP-targeting antibody capable of blocking IL-1 signaling and show that this antibody suppresses the proliferation of primary human AML cells. Hence, IL1RAP can be efficiently targeted with an anti-IL1RAP antibody capable of both achieving antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and blocking of IL-1 signaling as modes of action. Collectively, these results provide important evidence in support of IL1RAP as a target for antibody-based treatment of AML.
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