| 1. |
- Gustafsson, Johanna, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av gemensam familjehemsorganisation
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det här är den första utvärderingen av Gemensam familjehemsorganisation (GFO) sedan organisationen gick in verkställighetsfas i juli 2019. Syftet med utvärderingen är att utvärdera GFO:s verksamhet fram till och med 2020 genom ett fokus på GFO som organisation, måluppfyllnad, samverkan med kommunerna samt kommunernas förutsättningar att ta ansvar för sin del av måluppfyllnaden. För utvärderingen har familjehem, jourhem samt medarbetare och chefer på GFO och i kommunerna intervjuats. Resultaten från intervjuerna presenteras utifrån GFO:s och kommunernas ansvarsområden; samverkan, rekrytering, kartläggning och matchning, utbildning och stöd. Resultaten synliggör både framgångar och utmaningar i verksamheten och visar att GFO uppfyller 4 av 7 verksamhets- och effektmål. Den avslutande diskussionen fokuserar på konkreta förslag att arbeta vidare med; att skapa tydlighet i verksamheten vad gäller gränsdragningar kring GFO:s uppdrag och kommunernas vardagliga stöd till familjehemmen, att tydliggöra kommunikationskedjor och kommunikativa roller samt att i högre grad acceptera och beakta kommunernas varierande förutsättningar i det fortsatta strategiska och långsiktiga arbetet.
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| 2. |
- Sandin, Bengt, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Var går gränsen för statens ansvar? : Upprättelseprocessen för dem som vanvårdats i samhällsvård ur ett historiskt perspektiv på normalitet, aga och barns rättigheter
- 2022
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Ingår i: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - Lund : Fahlbeckska Stiftelsen. - 0039-0747. ; :2, s. 349-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we study the legislative processes that formed the basis for how the state’s role and responsibility to protect and represent children was formulated dur-ing the 20th century based on legislative initiatives against corporal punishment. This is the backdrop for an analysis of the scheme to compensate adults that have claimed that they as children had been abused in the care of the state. As a basis for our ana-lyzes, we have used laws and statutes, ordinances, and preparatory works in family and criminal law as well as school and social law. In the process that led up to the com-pensation scheme a choice was made; child abuse in the past would not be defined according to the norms set by past legislation and government ordinances to protect children from abuse, but in relation to what was believed to be common child-rearing practices. The focus shifted to current understandings of what was normal in the past as well as to how similar abuse would be treated in legal practice in current tort cases disregarding the explicit stands taken by past governments to protect children in care. The opportunity for reconciliation decreased with this development
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| 3. |
- Sandin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Var går gränsen för statens ansvar? : Upprättelseprocessen för dem som vanvårdats i samhällsvård ur ett historiskt perspektiv på normalitet, aga och barns rättigheter : [What is the limit of state responsibility? A historical perspective on how the state interpreted its responsibility to safeguard children from abuse]
- 2022
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Ingår i: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - 0039-0747. ; 124:2, s. 349-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we study the legislative processes that formed the basis for how the state’s role and responsibility to protect and represent children was formulated during the 20th century based on legislative initiatives against corporal punishment. This is the backdrop for an analysis of the scheme to compensate adults that have claimed that they as children had been abused in the care of the state. As a basis for our analyzes, we have used laws and statutes, ordinances, and preparatory works in family and criminal law as well as school and social law. In the process that led up to the compensation scheme a choice was made; child abuse in the past would not be defined according to the norms set by past legislation and government ordinances to protect children from abuse, but in relation to what was believed to be common child-rearing practices. The focus shifted to current understandings of what was normal in the past as well as to how similar abuse would be treated in legal practice in current tort cases disregarding the explicit stands taken by past governments to protect children in care. The opportunity for reconciliation decreased with this development.
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| 4. |
- Sjöberg, Johanna, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Childcare for Sale : Mapping Private Institutions in Sweden 1900–1975
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of the History of Childhood and Youth. - : Johns Hopkins University Press. - 1939-6724 .- 1941-3599. ; 14:1, s. 113-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Private providers and commercial profit are features of today's Swedish welfare society, but the market was already an arena for the production, distribution, and consumption of such services by the early twentieth century. One of the private-sector institutions offering well-to-do parents residential care for their children during restricted periods was the Barnpensionat (children's boarding houses or child hotels). Since these institutions have not been previously studied, the extent and organization of such establishments are unknown. Through analyses of digitalized newspaper material, including advertisements, this article maps the existence and function of barnpensionat in Sweden during the period 1900–1975.
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| 5. |
- Sjöberg, Johanna, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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De svenska barnpensionatens korta historia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Vägval i skolans historia. - : FÖRENINGEN SVENSK UNDERVISNINGSHISTORIA. - 2002-0147. ; :3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innan den kommunala dagbarnvården etablerades i Sverige provades en mängd olika institutionaliserade barnpassningsalternativ. Parallellt med verksamheter som barnkrubbor och barnträdgårdar som erbjöd halv- och heldagspassning fanns då en mer okänd variant. Det var barnpensionat, vilka erbjöd en flexibel typ av passning där barnen mot betalning kunde inackorderas i helpension under så lång tid som föräldrarna önskade.
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| 6. |
- Sjöberg, Johanna, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Selling Anonymity: The Market for Secrecy Around Illegitimate Births
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Family History. - : Sage Publications. - 0363-1990 .- 1552-5473. ; 47:3, s. 261-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Giving birth out of wedlock was associated for centuries with shame, economic burden, and secrecy. Unmarried pregnant women could escape stigma by travelling away from home and purchasing a confinement elsewhere. They could hide there when the pregnancy started to show, give birth, have their children adopted or sent to foster care, and then return home. This article explores the social economy of this stigma by investigating the market for anonymous births in Sweden through newspaper advertisements addressing unmarried pregnant women during the period 1905-1935. It shows that unmarried pregnant women risked exploitation when entering this market, in which private midwives, private maternity homes and individuals offering accommodation and employment were all operating.
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| 7. |
- Sköld, Johanna, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Historical justice through redress schemes? : The practice of interpreting the law and physical child abuse in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of History. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0346-8755 .- 1502-7716. ; 45:2, s. 178-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish redress scheme intended for victims of historical child abuse in out-of-home care compensated only 46% of claimants who sought economic compensation for past harms. This article explores the reasons behind this comparatively low validation rate by investigating a) how the eligibility criteria of the Redress Act were evaluated by the Redress Board; and b) the justifications and underlying values used when applications were rejected with reference to the fact that reported abuse was not deemed to be sufficiently severe according to past standards. Victim capital, which determines how vulnerable or credible a victim is perceived to be by others, as well as competence and narration, are essential aspects for this type of legal proceeding. The article demonstrates that the claimants had to traverse a complicated web of criteria to be awarded compensation. The outcomes for claimants were affected by how the past was conceptualized in this legal setting, what competences the victims themselves possessed, what competence and resources the administrative system offered, and the extent to which the decision-making process fragmented victims’ narratives.
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| 8. |
- Sköld, Johanna, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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När välfärdssamhället gör fel : De vanvårdade och upprättelsens gränser
- 2021
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Ingår i: Arbetarhistoria. - Huddinge, Sweden : Arbetarrörelsens arkiv och bibliotek. - 0281-7446. ; 179-180:3-4, s. 92-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article addresses the Swedish state’s process to provide redress for historical abuse in out-of-home care. The aim is to illuminate how the current state’s responsibility for past child abuse is negotiated in such processes. In Sweden, a temporary financial redress scheme was in effect 2013-16, which compensated fewer than every second applicant. The article demonstrates that the political ambition to recognize symbolically and acknowledge the victims’ suffering and the past society's betrayal of them resulted in unintended consequences when translated into a legal bureaucratic process. The logic of a court assessment is based not on recognition but on establishing legal liability. In the end, redress came to focus on what the state could be deemed responsible for in the past and how modern legal principles could be harmonized with a compensation scheme designed to compensate those for wrongdoings which cannot be redressed by current tort law.
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| 9. |
- Sköld, Johanna, 1976-
(författare)
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"Obemärkt dam får god vård" : Annonsmarknaden för ogifta gravida kvinnor
- 2021
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Ingår i: Arbetarhistoria. - Huddinge, Sweden : Arbetarrörelsens Arkiv och Bibliotek. - 0281-7446. ; 179-180:2-4, s. 42-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At the beginning of the 20th century, pregnancy outside wedlock was associated with shame. This study discusses how this shame resulted in social and economic costs which, in turn, created demand and supply of various services advertised in the daily press 1905—35. A supply of discreet services arose to assust unmarried pregnant women, who were at rik of losing social status and wished to keep their condition and baby secret. Such services included accommodation to which they could withdraw before delivery, discreet maternity care and privately organized foster care and adoption. But many unmarried women also faced economic vulnerability due to pregnancy as they risked losing their employment and housing. Temporary positions and accommodation were also advertised to them through the market. Without money, desperate to solve their situation, these women seem to have constituted a sought-after low paid labor force, generating an exchange economy where it was not obvious who requested a service from whom, who was the buyer and who was the seller.
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| 10. |
- Sköld, Johanna, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Redressing or Excusing the Past? : The Evaluation of Sexual Child Abuse in the Swedish Redress Scheme for Historical Abuse in Out-of-Home Care
- 2024. - 1
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Ingår i: Lived Institutions as History of Experience. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783031389559 - 9783031389566 ; , s. 317-342
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter explores what could happen when experiences of lived institutional care is confronted by the present welfare state’s attempt to rightening the past. The chapter demonstrates how the Swedish state’s redress scheme, in operation 2013-2016, aimed at victims of historical child abuse in out-of-home care shifted away from an explicit aim to acknowledge the victims’ unjustifiable suffering, to the limited ways in which the state could be considered responsible. It scrutinises which details were pivotal for why victims of child sexual abuse did not receive the financial redress as adjudicated by a temporary Redress Board. Three possible explanations are identified: a) the Government Bill guiding the Redress Board did not state that all kinds of sexual abuse would count as severe abuse eligible for compensation; b) contemporary tort law came to influence the assessment of the historical redress claims and set the standards for who received financial redress and who did not; c) it proved difficult to combine acknowledging the suffering of victims with assessing the responsibility of the state. If caregivers were unaware of the abuse, or if they took steps to prevent further abuse, the state could not be held responsible. The outcome did not concur with the scheme’s explicit aim to acknowledge unjustified suffering amongst victims of historical child abuse in out-of-home care. Consequently, the chapter explores how a ‘non-apology’ can feature in financial redress for past harms, and how the transformative aspect of a transitional justice framework can vanish during its practical operation.
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