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- Skott, Sara
(författare)
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Disaggregating Homicide : Changing trends in subtypes over time
- 2019
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Ingår i: Criminal justice and behavior. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-8548 .- 1552-3594. ; 46:11, s. 1650-1668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the heterogeneity of homicide, certain subtypes of homicide might have remained stable or even increased over time in the overall context of decline. Adding to the research attempting to identify a standardized classification system of homicide, this study used a novel, sophisticated statistical approach (multilevel latent class analysis [MLCA]) and an inductive theoretical stance to identify subtypes of homicide in Scotland and to examine how these types have changed over time. Using variables relating to the victim, offender, and the incident of homicide, four between-level types with three within-level classes of offenders in each type were identified. The findings showed that while all homicide types demonstrated an absolute decrease, domestic homicides had demonstrated a relative increase over time. Implications for policy, theory, and practice are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Skott, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Female Sexual Homicide Offenders: A Descriptive and Comparative Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Forensic Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0022-1198 .- 1556-4029. ; 64:1, s. 154-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on female sexual homicide has been very scarce. In Europe, it has rarely been examined, and in Scotland, it has never previously been studied. This exploratory study aims to examine the characteristics of sexual homicides involving female offenders between 1990 and 2015 in Scotland. Using data from the Scottish Homicide Database between 1990 and 2015, female sexual homicides (n = 7) were compared to nonsexual homicides committed by females (n = 106) and to sexual homicides committed by men (n = 89) using Fisher’s exact tests. The findings show that although female sexual homicide offenders are similar to both female nonsexual homicide offenders and male sexual homicide offenders in certain aspects, there are important differences that distinguish sexual homicides involving female offenders from both groups. Female sexual homicide offenders can arguably be seen as a distinct group of offenders, with specific characteristics and specific needs.
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| 3. |
- Skott, Sara
(författare)
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Homicide and Violence in Scotland : Changing Subtypes over Time
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lack of information about the relationship between homicide and violence was identified as a gap in knowledge almost 30 years ago. Despite this, little research has been conducted worldwide regarding this relationship on a national level since then, and the results of that research have been very contradictory. This lack of research includes Scotland, despite its unenviable reputation of being the most violent country in the Western world. In order to fill this gap in research, this paper aims to examine the changing characteristics and patterns of homicide in Scotland and to determine the extent to which changes in homicide reflect the changing characteristics and patterns in wider violence.Due to the heterogeneity of homicide, certain subtypes of homicide and violence might have remained stable or even increased over time in the overall context of violence decline. In order to examine the relationship between homicide and violence in Scotland, subtypes of both homicide and violence were identified and compared over time, using a novel, sophisticated statistical approach (MLCA). Using variables relating to the offender, victim and the incident, the study identified four main types of homicide and four main types of violence. While there are some differences in the subtypes identified, the overall trends in these two crimes seem to follow a similar pattern over time. A key finding from this study is that the general decrease in both homicide and violence was driven by a reduction in the same type of violence, namely violence committed by young men in public places and involving the use of sharp instruments. However, this general decrease in violence masks a hidden relative increase in both lethal and non-lethal forms of domestic violence over time. This provides valuable insights for policy as well as increasing our understanding of the complexities of violent crime.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Skott, Sara
(författare)
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Sexual Homicide Targeting Children : Exploring Offender, Victim, and Modus Operandi Factors
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology. - 0306-624X .- 1552-6933. ; 63:9, s. 1663-1680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sexual child homicides are rare, even among sexual homicides, and no previous study has compared sexual child homicide with nonsexual child homicides. To address this gap in research, this study aims to compare sexual child homicide offenders (n = 8) with two comparison groups: sexual adult homicide offenders (n = 89) and nonsexual child homicide offenders (n = 176) regarding victim, offender, and modus operandi factors. Using bivariate analysis, the results show that although sexual child homicide offenders appear more similar to other sexual homicide offenders than to homicide offenders, sexual offenders targeting children differ from both groups on certain variables. Sexual child homicide offenders more often used strangulation as a method of killing, had intoxicated victims, used multiple locations, and destroyed evidence after the murder. The study concludes that sexual homicide offenders targeting children should be considered distinct from other offenders and that the salient characteristics linked to sadism and instrumentality should be further examined.
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