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| 2. |
- Jablonska, Beata, et al.
(författare)
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Pain among women: Association with socioeconomics and work conditions
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pain. - : Wiley. - 1090-3801 .- 1532-2149. ; 10:5, s. 435-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined pain prevalence (general/body sites) and its characteristics/consequences among a randomised sample of women from the general population between 18 and 64 years (n=3,616). We also scrutinised associations between pain and various factors (e.g. socio-economic) by means of multivariate logistic/linear regression analyses. The women completed a questionnaire assessing various areas (e.g. pain). The design was cross-sectional and data were collected during 8 consecutive weeks. Sixty-three per cent of women reported pain during the last 3 months, of which 65% during more than 3 months. The multivariate analyses revealed associations between various socio-economic factors (e.g. financial strain) and pain in general/all studied body sites. In addition, psychosocial work conditions (i.e. work strain and social support) were significantly related to pain. Moreover, the multivariate analyses conducted among women with pain indicated relationships between socio-economic/psychosocial work conditions, and pain characteristics (e.g. intensity) and consequences (i.e. disability). A large number of women from the general population suffer from pain, in particularly prolonged pain. Women in a deprived socio-economic situation not only run a higher pain risk, but also experience their pain as more severe/disabling than their more privileged counterparts. Improvements of, for example, the socio-economic status among women living in deprived social and material circumstances, along with improved working environment may be crucial to reduce women's pain problems.
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| 3. |
- Lindert, Jutta, et al.
(författare)
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Age and distress of women-Results of a representative population-based study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Women's Mental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-1816 .- 1435-1102. ; :12, s. 173-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little research has been carried out on prevalence rates of distress (e.g. depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), hopelessness, and burnout) of women in different age groups. The aims of this study were to measure the prevalence rate of depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, hopelessness, and burnout among women and to clarify the associations between age groups and distress. Cross sectional epidemiological study on women in Sweden (n = 6,000, aged 18–64 years, response rate 64.1%). Measures were questionnaires on socio-economic and work-related characteristics and on depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, hopelessness, and burnout. Depression was measured with the “General Health Questionnaire” (GHQ), PTSS with the “Posttraumatic Symptom Scale”, hopelessness with the “Hopelessness Scale” and burnout with the “Shiron-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire” (SMBQ). The prevalence rate of depression varied from 12.5% to 14.1%; of posttraumatic stress symptoms from 23.5% to 33.3%; of hopelessness from 11.5% to 16%; and of burnout from 22.9% to 17.1%. Depression was not associated with age group. Hopelessness was associated with age group in univariate analysis bur not in multivariate analysis (OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.5–1.0). PTSS and burnout were associated with age group. Both symptoms were higher in the youngest age group, compared to the eldest age group (posttraumatic stress symptoms: OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2, 2.1; burnout: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1–2.1). Younger women show higher prevalence rates of PTSS and burnout compared to elder women. The higher prevalence rates of PTSS and burnout among younger women may be associated with job strain and/or with violent life events.
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| 4. |
- Soares, Joaquim F J, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial experiences among female and male primary care patients with and without pain
- 2007
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Ingår i: Pain clinic (Print). - 0169-1112 .- 1568-5691. ; 19:2, s. 58-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The study examined the psychosocial characteristics and experiences of female and male primary care patients with and without pain with particular interest in gender differences and whether females were more vulnerable to pain than males.Patients and methods: A total of 1122 primary care patients from 20 randomly selected primary care centres in Stockholm were assessed cross-sectionally on various variables during 15 consecutive days. The data were examined with chi-square tests, ANOVAs, Dunn?Bonferroni tests and multivariate logistic/linear regression analyses.Results: Pain patients compared to pain-free patients reported more depression, burn-out, job demands, less job control, more job strain, and financial problems, with no gender differences in general. These constructs were associated with pain in the regressions and some of them were inter-related. Factors such as sick-leave were also important. Female pain patients had a more severe clinical profile (e.g. pain intensity) than male patients. Female gender was a 'risk' factor for pain and for pain intensity/complexity, but other factors (e.g. sick-leave) were also important. In other areas (e.g. diagnoses), there were no gender differences. Missing data from the non-participant control group may have resulted in cases and controls that were not well matched. This may have weakened the strength of the comparisons between patient groups. Nevertheless, the results derive from a large clinical sample and are noteworthy.Conclusions: Pain patients did less well psychosocially and had received many traditional treatments for their pain without good effects. Interventions should be attentive to this and approaches such as cognitive-behaviour therapy used more often. Variables such as sick-leave and financial difficulties were associated with psychological and pain problems, and female gender was a 'risk' factor for pain and for pain intensity and complexity (multiple types of pain). Interventions should consider psychosocial factors and problems experienced particularly by women. The results confirmed previous findings from other studies and may have provided new insights into the experiences of female and male primary care patients with and without pain.
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| 5. |
- Soares, Joaquim J.F, et al.
(författare)
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Men´s experiences of violence : extent, nature and ‘determinants’
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Welfare. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397. ; 16:3, s. 269-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the extent, nature and 'determinants' of violence in a randomly selected sample of men from the general population (18-64 years, n = 520). The men were assessed on various factors (e.g. demographics). The design was cross-sectional and data were collected over eight consecutive weeks. About 68 per cent of the men reported experiencing violence at some point during their lifetime, and just over 14 per cent in the past 12 months. The violence occurred mainly in public and work settings, with threatening/aggressive language/physical assaults as the most common forms. The main perpetrators were strangers or clients. Sexual abuse was rare. Repeated/multiple abuses were common and injuries were sustained. The victims and non-victims were similar for many factors (e.g. alcohol use). Only younger age and being a blue-collar/low white-collar worker were risk factors for violence. Men's experiences of violence (e.g. physical assaults/multiple abuses) should be a source of concern as they can have profound negative effects. Extensive research on the impact of violence on men's health appears necessary in light of the present findings.
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| 6. |
- Soares, Joaquim J.F, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life among lifetime victimized men.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Violence and Victims. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 0886-6708 .- 1945-7073. ; 22:2, s. 289-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quality of life was compared for lifetime victimized (n = 353) and nonvictimized men (n = 167) for demographic and quality of life variables by a cross-sectional design. The univariate analyses showed that victims compared to nonvictims had a lower quality of life, were younger, more often had upper secondary school education, and were more often blue-collar/low white-collar workers, on student allowances, on unemployment, financially strained, and smokers. The regressions revealed that unemployment, financial strain, smoking, depression, and home/public abuse were associated with reduced quality of life among victimized men. Being a blue-collar/low/intermediate white-collar worker and social support were related to increased quality of life. This study may have provided new insights into the experiences of quality of life of victimized men.
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| 7. |
- Soares, Joaquim J F, et al.
(författare)
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Social support among lifetime victimized men
- 2008
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Ingår i: Victims and Offenders. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1556-4886 .- 1556-4991. ; 3:2-3, s. 275-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined differences in demographics/socioeconomics, lifestyle, and social support between victimized/nonvictimized men, and identified and quantified variables associated with social support. The participants were 520 men and the design cross-sectional. The univariate analyses showed that victims reported higher social support; were more often younger, blue-collar/low white-collar workers; were on student allowances/unemployment; were financially strained; were smokers; and more often had secondary school education than nonvictims. The regressions showed that among victims unemployment and depression were associated with reduced social support; smoking, threatening/aggressive language, and violent threats were associated with increased social support. We may have provided new insights into the social support experiences of victimized men.
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