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- Meding, W., et al.
(författare)
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MeTeaM-A method for characterizing mature software metrics teams
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Systems and Software. - : Elsevier BV. - 0164-1212. ; 180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Metrics teams play an increasingly important role in handling data and information in modern software development organizations; they manage their companies' measurement programs, collect and process data, and develop and distribute information products. Metrics teams can comprise several roles, and their set-up can differ between companies, as can the metrics maturity of host organizations. These differences impact the effectiveness and quality of a team's measurement program. Objective: Our objective was to design and evaluate a model to describe the characteristics of a mature metrics team, which efficiently designs, develops, maintains, and evolves its organization's measurement program. Method: We conducted an action research study on four metrics teams of four distinct companies. We designed and evaluated a domain-specific model for assessing the maturity of metrics teams - MeTeaM - and also assessed the four metrics teams per se. Results: Our results were two-fold: the creation of the metrics team maturity model MeTeaM and a template to assess metrics teams. Our evaluation showed that the model captures the characteristics of successful metrics teams and quantifies the maturity status of both the metrics teams and their host organizations. Conclusions: More mature metrics teams score higher in the MeTeaM model than less mature teams. The assessment provides less mature metrics teams with valuable insights on what factors to improve. Such insights can be shared with and acted upon successfully with their organizations. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.
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- Wagner, IV, et al.
(författare)
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De Novo and Depot-Specific Androgen Production in Human Adipose Tissue: A Source of Hyperandrogenism in Women with Obesity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Obesity facts. - : S. Karger AG. - 1662-4033 .- 1662-4025. ; 15:2, s. 281-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Obesity in women is often associated with hyperandrogenism, but the role of adipose tissue (AT) in androgen synthesis remains unclear. Therefore, we studied whether AT could be a source of androgens promoting hyperandrogenism. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Subcutaneous and visceral (visc) AT was collected from lean and obese women. Androgen levels were evaluated in serum, AT, and cell-culture supernatant. Gene and protein expression of steroidogenic enzymes were determined. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Obese subjects had elevated serum androgen levels, which reduced after weight loss. Androgens were measurable in AT and in cell-culture supernatants of adipocytes. Steroids were higher in AT from obese women, with the highest difference for testosterone in visc AT (+7.9-fold, <i>p</i> = 0.032). Steroidogenic enzymes were expressed in human AT with depot-specific differences. Obese women showed a significantly higher expression of genes of the backdoor pathway and of <i>CYP19</i> in visc AT. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The whole steroidogenic machinery of the classical and backdoor pathways of steroidogenesis, and the capacity for androgen biosynthesis, were found in both AT depots and cultured adipocytes. Therefore, we hypothesize that AT is a de novo site of androgen production and the backdoor pathway of steroidogenesis might be a new pathomechanism for hyperandrogenism in women with obesity.
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