| 1. |
- Elsik, Christine G., et al.
(författare)
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The Genome Sequence of Taurine Cattle : A Window to Ruminant Biology and Evolution
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 324:5926, s. 522-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.
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| 2. |
- Yang, Yang, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Bronchial Function of NHBD Lung Following One-h Warm Ischemia by Organ Bath Model
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology-Medical Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1993-1352 .- 1672-0733. ; 29:3, s. 340-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the feasibility and effects of organ bath to be used for detection of bronchial function of non-heart-beating donor (NHBD) lung after 1-h warm ischemia. Sixteen Swedish pigs were divided into two groups randomly: heart-beating donor (HBD) group and NHBD with 1-h warm ischemia (NHBD-1 h) group. The bronchial rings whose lengths and inner diameters were both 1.5 mm were obtained from isolated left lungs of all the pigs. Acetylcholine, arachidonic acid natrium and papaverine were used to test and compare the contractile and relaxant function of bronchial smooth muscles and epithelium-dependent relaxation (EpiDR) response between HBD and NHBD-1 h groups. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the values of bronchial precontraction between HBD and NHBD-1 h groups (5.18 +/- 0.07 vs 5.10 +/- 0.11 mN, P > 0.05). No significant difference in the values of EpiDR responses between HBD and NHBD-1 h groups (1.26 +/- 0.05 vs 1.23 +/- 0.07 mN, P > 0.05) was observed either. During the process of EpiDR induction, the rings had no spontaneous relaxation in two groups. In addition, papaverine solution completely relaxed the bronchial smooth muscles of all bronchial rings. It was concluded that after warm ischemia for 1 h, the contractile and relaxant abilities of bronchial smooth muscles, and the epithelium-dependent adjustment both kept intact. Organ bath model could be a liable and scientific way to evaluate the bronchial function of NHBD lung.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kumar, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Defluoridation from aqueous solutions by granular ferric hydroxide (GFH)
- 2009
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Ingår i: Water Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 43:2, s. 490-498
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) for fluoride removal from aqueous solutions, Batch experiments were performed to study the influence of various experimental parameters such as contact time (1 min-24 h), initial fluoride concentration (1-100 mg L(-1)), temperature (10 and 2S degrees C), pH (3-12) and the presence of competing anions on the adsorption of fluoride on GFH. Kinetic data revealed that the uptake rate of fluoride was rapid in the beginning and 95% adsorption was completed within 10 min and equilibrium was achieved within 60 min. The sorption process was well explained with pseudo-first-order and pore diffusion models. The maximum adsorption capacity of GFH for fluoride removal was 7.0 mg g(-1). The adsorption was found to be an endothermic process and data conform to Langmuir model. The optimum fluoride removal was observed between pH ranges of 4-8. The fluoride adsorption was decreased in the presence of phosphate followed by carbonate and sulphate. Results from this study demonstrated potential utility of GFH that could be developed into a viable technology for fluoride removal from drinking water.
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| 5. |
- Liu, H.-Y., et al.
(författare)
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Association of E1AF mRNA expression with tumor progression and matrilysin in human rectal cancer
- 2007
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Ingår i: Oncology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0030-2414 .- 1423-0232. ; 73:5-6, s. 384-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine E1AF mRNA expression and to determine whether it is correlated with tumor progression and matrilysin in human rectal cancer. Methods: Real-time RT-PCR was used to determine E1AF and matrilysin expression in 100 matched rectal cancers and normal tissues. Results: Among the 100 rectal cancers, 69 cases of E1AF mRNA overexpression were observed. E1AF mRNA overexpression correlated well with matrilysin. In carcinomas, E1AF mRNA overexpression correlated significantly with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, venous involvement and advanced pTNM stage. Conclusions: E1AF was correlated significantly with tumor progression of human rectal cancer and may be an important factor in rectal cancer progression. Copyright © 2008 S. Karger AG.
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| 6. |
- Richards, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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The genome of the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nature. - 1476-4687. ; 452:7190, s. 949-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tribolium castaneum is a representative of earth’s most numerous eukaryotic order, a powerful model organism for the study of generalized insect development, and also an important pest of stored agricultural products. We describe its genome sequence here. This omnivorous beetle has evolved an ability to interact with a diverse chemical environment as evidenced by large expansions in odorant and gustatory receptors, as well as p450 and other detoxification enzymes. Developmental patterns in Tribolium are more representative of other arthropods than those found in Drosophila, a fact represented in gene content and function. For one, Tribolium has retained more ancestral genes involved in cell-cell communication than Drosophila, and some are expressed in the growth zone crucial for axial elongation in short germ development. Systemic RNAi in T. castaneum appears to use mechanisms distinct from those found in C. elegans, but nevertheless offers similar power for the elucidation of gene function and identification of targets for selective insect control.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Song, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Newly found prostate-bladder neural reflex in rats--possible mechanism for voiding dysfunction associated with prostatitis/pelvic pain
- 2009
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Ingår i: Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0090-4295 .- 1527-9995. ; 74:6, s. 1365-1369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To demonstrate the existence of a prostate-bladder neural reflex that might help clarify a neurologic mechanism for voiding dysfunction associated with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Methods Experiments were performed on anesthetized adult male Wistar rats. Repeated cystometry was used to study the changes in urinary bladder behavior induced by injecting formalin into the prostate. The pathway of a prostate-bladder reflex was identified by recording the electromyographic (EMG) response of the detrusor to electrical stimulation of the prostate, after saline or lidocaine injections into the prostate, and transection of the prostate nerves. Results Intraprostatic formalin injection induced significant changes in the parameters of cystometry. Electrical stimulation of the prostate consistently evoked a bladder EMG response. Intraprostatic lidocaine injection increased the delay and reduced the amplitude of this EMG response. The bladder EMG response was not affected by transection of the cervical spinal cord nor by just cutting the sympathetic chain; however, it was suppressed by resection of the sympathetic chain and by transection of the ipsilateral L6-S3 nerve roots. Conclusions A prostate-bladder reflex is proposed, and the lumbosacral spinal cord is assumed to be the primary center of the reflex. These findings might help determine the therapeutic approach to voiding dysfunction in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Xiangdong, et al.
(författare)
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Potential effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activator on LPS-induced lung injury in rats
- 2009
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Ingår i: Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-9629 .- 1094-5539. ; 22:4, s. 318-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple factors contribute to the pathogenesis and prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), still requiring new therapeutic strategies and medications for the disease. The aim of the present study is to investigate the model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chronic lung injury and hyperinflation and test therapeutic effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma agonist. Wister rats were challenged with intra-tracheal instillation of LPS at concentrations of 0.006, 0.060, 0.600, and 6.000 mg/ml per kg, twice a week, for 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks. PPAR activator, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15D-PGJ2), or vehicle (PBS) was administered orally and daily at the dose of 1 and 10 mg/ml per kg in animals challenged with LPS or PBS at the dose of 0.060 mg/ml per kg body weight twice a week for 4 weeks. We found that intra-tracheal exposure of LPS resulted in a dose-dependent pattern of chronic lung hyperinflation and hypertrophy, increased alveolar enlargement, reduced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and elevated tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and early changes of leukocyte influx and interferon (IFN)-gamma levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. PPAR-gamma agonist ameliorated these changes related with the dose used. LPS-induced lung disease model shows some similarities with human disease, and PPAR-gamma agonist may be an alternative for COPD therapy. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Xu, Bing, et al.
(författare)
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Clinicopathological significance of caspase-8 and caspase-10 expression in rectal cancer
- 2008
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Ingår i: Oncology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0890-9091 .- 0030-2414 .- 1423-0232. ; 74:3-4, s. 229-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the expression of caspase-8 and -10 in rectal adenoma, adenocarcinoma and the corresponding normal mucosa tissue, and to clarify the relationship between their expression and clinicopathological parameters of rectal cancer. Methods: The expression of caspase-8 and -10 was determined by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in 36 rectal adenomas, 93 rectal cancers and 93 corresponding normal rectal mucosa samples. Results: Compared with normal mucosa, the mRNA expression of caspase-8 was higher in adenomas (p = 0.003), while that of caspase-10 was lower in adenomas (p = 0.035) and cancers (p = 0.001). Immunohistochemical results showed caspase-8 up-regulation in adenomas (p = 0.014), and caspase-10 down-regulation in adenomas (p = 0.034) and cancers (p < 0.001) compared with normal mucosa samples. Cancers with poor differentiation had lower caspase-10 mRNA and protein levels than those with better differentiation (p = 0.041 and p = 0.046, respectively). The protein expression of caspase-8 and -10 was in accordance with the mRNA expression (p = 0.043 and p = 0.018, respectively). Conclusions: Caspase-8 expression was up-regulated in rectal adenomas. Caspase-10 expression was down-regulated in both rectal adenomas and cancers, and was further related to differentiation. Caspase-8 and -10 may be involved in the pathogenesis of rectal cancer. Copyright © 2008 S. Karger AG.
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