| 1. |
- Bolin, Anette, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Barn och unga i försörjningsstödsärenden : en studie med fokus på myndigheternas dokumentation samt barn och ungas vardag, strategier och syn på försörjningsstöd
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett flertal studier har beskrivit de omedelbara och långsiktiga effekter som ekonomisk utsatthet har på barns och ungas livssituation och möjligheter att utvecklas.Betydligt färre studier har fokus på barn och unga vars föräldrar erhåller någon form av ekonomiskt bistånd, såsom försörjningsstöd, och vilken plats barn och unga har i denna situation. Den aktuella forskningsstudien ger med sina tre delar en breddad och fördjupad bild av vilken plats barn och unga ges i försörjningsstödsärenden samt vilken syn och vilka strategier de själva ger uttryck för. En utgångspunkt för samtliga delar i studien är att barn och unga är aktiva aktörer, med egna behov och resurser, som bör beaktas vid handläggning av försörjningsstödsärenden.Del 1 har som syfte att beskriva hur barns och ungas situation dokumenteras i sambandmed försörjningsstödsärenden, dels generellt, dels beroende på om ärendepersonenär född i Sverige eller utomlands. Dokumentationsakter för en mindre kommuns samtliga biståndsärenden gällande familjer med minst ett barn i åldern0–21 år (N=147 ärenden; 368 barn) har granskats med avseende på den dokumentation som rör barn och unga.Del 2 har som syfte att undersöka barns och ungas syn på försörjningsstöd. Intervjuer har genomförts med 36 barn och unga i åldern 9–20 år vars föräldrar erhåller försörjningsstöd.Samtliga deltagare är födda i Syrien och kom som nyanlända till Sverige under 2014–2016.Del 3 har som syfte att undersöka barns och ungas vardag och strategier i relation till att familjen erhåller långvarigt försörjningsstöd. Intervjuer har genomförts med tolv barn och unga i åldern 10–21 år vars föräldrar erhållit försörjningsstöd under en längre tid. Deltagarna är antingen födda i Sverige eller har levt här under lång tid.Resultaten pekar på att barn och unga i familjer som erhåller försörjningsstöd tar ett stort eget ansvar samt utformar sina strategier utifrån det. Det kan finnas konflikter och svårigheter i familjerelationerna, men också förståelse och empati. Hur barns meningsskapande ser ut påverkas av familjens ekonomiska och relationella resurser. Barn utvecklaren ekonomisk kompetens med medvetenhet och kunskap om pengars värde.Vardagen formas genom de strategier som både barnen och föräldrarna använder sig av. Att bli sedd som avvikande kan leda till utanförskap och barn i familjer som erhåller ekonomiskt bistånd löper större risk att inte känna delaktighet.Synen på att erhålla försörjningsstöd skiljer sig åt mellan de två grupper av barn som vi har intervjuat, även om strategierna för att hantera situationen delvis överlappar. Bland barnen i nyanlända familjer ger många uttryck för att pengarna de erhåller är tillräckligtför att tillgodose familjens behov samt att försörjningsstödet ger dem och deras familj möjlighet att bygga nya liv. Även dokumentationen av barns och ungas situation i samband med försörjningsstödsärenden skiljer sig åt, eventuellt på grund av att anledningarna bakom föräldrarnas behov av försörjningsstöd är olika. Forskningen har genomförts i samarbete med Campus Västervik.
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| 2. |
- Löthman, Charlotte, 1976-
(författare)
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Från monolog till dialog : Integration av nyanlända familjer i landsbygdsförskolor
- 2022
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Preschool is seen as an important integration arena for newly arrived families with young children. The reception of newly arrived families has for a long time been unevenly distributed in the country with a strong concentration on metropolitan areas and larger cities. Consequently, previous research on integration of newly arrived families in Swedish preschools has been conducted in multicultural urban areas. However, since 2015, the number of newly arrived children in rural municipalities has increased. For that reason, it is relevant to also pay attention to how integration is achieved (or challenged) in a rural context. In this study, I examine how preschool practitioners at three rural preschools experienced receiving newly arrived families in 2015/2016. For many of these practitioners, working with linguistic and cultural diversity was at the time a new experience. Therefore, I have been able to study practitioners' narratives about the first steps towards integration and inclusion. Data was generated through focus-group interviews. With integration (Penninx 2019) and inclusion (Petriwskyj 2014) as theoretical starting points, the narratives were analyzed through Bakhtin's theory of dialogism. The findings are presented in two research papers: one that explores integration processes in relation to the migrant parents, and one that focus on the children's inclusion in preschool. The results show that the practitioners describe a change in terms of moving from a monologic to a dialogic stance in relation to the parents and the children. As regards the parents, the dialogic stance meant that the practitioners acknowledged the importance of meeting and discussing differences in experiences and perspectives with the parents. The dialogic encounters, in turn, led to enhanced confidence among the practitioners in facing "otherness", at the same time as they resulted in cultural reflexivity regarding the practitioner’s own practices and values. As regards the children, the dialogic stance resulted in a critical examination of existing practices, and led the practitioners to reformulate their sense of preschool "normality". This, in turn, enhanced their flexibility in adjusting preschool’s daily routines and practices in accordance with the needs of the children. In sum, the study demonstrates that a dialogical approach is a prerequisite for integration.
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| 3. |
- Al-Hassan, Suha M., et al.
(författare)
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Parents’ learning support and school attitudes in relation to adolescent academic identity and school performance in nine countries
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychology of Education. - 0256-2928 .- 1878-5174. ; , s. 1-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important question for parents and educators alike is how to promote adolescents’ academic identity and school performance. This study investigated relations among parental education, parents’ attitudes toward their adolescents’ school, parental support for learning at home, and adolescents’ academic identity and school performance over time and in different national contexts. Longitudinal data were collected from adolescents and their parents in nine countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States). When adolescents were 16 years old, their mothers (N = 1083) and fathers (N = 859) provided data. When adolescents were 17 years old, 1049 adolescents (50% girls) and their mothers (N = 1001) and fathers (N = 749) provided data. Multiple-group path analyses indicated that, across cultures, higher parent education was associated with better adolescent school performance. Parents’ attitudes toward their adolescents’ school and parent support for learning in the home were not associated with adolescents’ school performance but were associated with academic identity. The findings suggest somewhat different pathways to school performance versus academic identity. Implications for helping parents and educators in different countries promote adolescents’ academic identity and achievement are discussed.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bolin, Anette, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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An early-response, police-social work collaborative intervention : Perspectives of young participants
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For society, measures targeted at early crime prevention pose a dilemma. On the one hand, there is a risk that an early intervention can label a young person as a criminal, and have negative consequences on identity formation. On the other, lack of an intervention can have the consequence of a continued lifestyle involving crime. Many are the stories from former prisoners who claim that an earlier intervention could have disrupted an identity trajectory leading to becoming a ‘criminal’ (Kacprzak, 2019). Other research indicates that young people – particularly those from ethnic minority groups – relate to police preventative practices with dissatisfaction (Wästerfors & Burcar Alm, 2020). However, there are also studies which demonstrate that young people experience interventions from police and social services as legitimate and valuable. The current study seeks to explore the perceptions of young people aged between 11–17 who received an early intervention following the commission of a crime. In this collaborative project between police and social services, the young person received a coordinated chain of interventions involving first the police, thereafter a social worker, and, finally a qualified youth support worker. Each of the three elements occurred within a two-week period following the commission of the crime. The crime committed could range in severity from shoplifting to a drug offence, or a robbery. Participation in the research was voluntary. Those taking part (N=21) were interviewed on a minimum of one and a maximum of three occasions during and after the intervention period. In total, 40 interviews were conducted. The interviews sought to elicit the young people’s perceptions of police practices, the practices of the social and youth workers, the effects on the young people’s attitudes, and their thoughts about the future. Data was analyzed using a narrative approach (Riessman, 2001). Focus was directed to how the young person perceived and understood the actions and practices of professionals involved in the project. In this respect, the interview functioned not only as a means of providing insights, but also a space for self-presentation and the construction of understanding. Drawing on theories about procedural justice (Bradford, B. & Jackson, 2015) results reveal, firstly, that the participants experienced the intervention as an opportunity to reflect on the future. While the rapid response – from the police, the social workers, and the youth workers – came as a surprise, participants were positive about this swift reaction. In relation to the police practice of forcibly intervening when the crime had happened (frequently involving a shorter detention), this was perceived in a wider global context of police violence. For example, references were made to the George Floyd case (“I can’t breathe”). Frequently, police actions created a tangible sense of fear. Many participants perceived the intervention as reflective of society’s reaction to criminality. For some, experiences of being ‘labelled’ were prominent. While the results point to the value of a swift response, they also warn of the dangers attached to early labelling.
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| 6. |
- Bolin, Anette, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Economic Support, Migration and Agency : The Experiences of Young People in Newly Arrived Families from Syria
- 2020
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Ingår i: Young - Nordic Journal of Youth Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1103-3088 .- 1741-3222. ; 29:2, s. 157-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on young people’s perceptions of economic disadvantage has not focused on specific groups, or adversity connected to demographic phenomena such as migration. The current study seeks to explore perceptions about receiving state economic support among young people in newly arrived families from Syria. Participants were young people in families who arrived in Sweden between 2014 and 2016 and were in receipt of social assistance. Analysing interview data using a thematic approach (Braun & Clarke, 2006, Qualitative Research in Psychology, vol. 3, pp. 77–101) and applying Kuczynski and De Mol’s (2015) model of children’s agency reveal how participants’ experiences of social assistance in this study differ from those of young people in previous studies. Rather than connecting social assistance with hardship, limitations, stigma and shame, participants viewed social assistance as sufficient for current needs and providing opportunities to improve the family’s situation. Reciprocity was also highlighted, with participants expressing the desire to contribute to a welfare system from which they currently benefitted.
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| 7. |
- Bolin, Anette, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Socialtjänstens brottsförebyggande arbete ur ungas perspektiv
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige har en lång historia av brottsförebyggande initiativ för att tidigt upptäcka ungdomar som är involverade i brottslighet eller befinner sig i kriminella miljöer. På operativ nivå involverar samarbetet främst socialtjänst och polis. Socialtjänsten i Trollhättans Stad har under 2021–2022 genomfört brottsförebyggande insatser inom ramen för projektet Tidig upptäckt – tidig insats (TUTI). Den här rapporten redovisar den följeforskning som bedrivits i anslutning till arbetet.TUTI bygger på tidiga interventioner, delaktighet och samverkan, såväl övergripande som i det enskilda fallet. Ambitionen med projektet var att minska risken för att unga 9–17 år utvecklar en kriminell livsstil samt förebygga risk för kriminalitet, missbruk, psykisk ohälsa och utanförskap. Detta genom att systematisera det arbete med brottsförebyggande insatser gällande unga förstagångslagöverträdare som sker i samverkan mellan socialtjänst, polis, åklagare och civilsamhälle.Följeforskningen har kartlagt typ av och bakgrund till orosanmälningar för unga 9–17 år i Trollhättans Stad samt undersökt ungas egna erfarenheter och förståelse av socialtjänstens brottsförebyggande insatser (TUTI-insatser). I studien har både kvantitativa och kvalitativa datainsamlingsmetoder använts. Data har tagits fram dels på aggregerad nivå gällande orosanmälningar i Trollhättans Stad under perioden 2017–2022, dels gällande de 196 unga som under perioden 2021–2022 erbjöds socialtjänstens brottsförebyggande insatser. Orsaker till orosanmälan var främst ringa stöld (30%), misshandel/våld/hot (20%) samt ringa narkotikabrott (20%). Ungefär hälften av de som erbjöds brottsförebyggande insatser tackade ja till insats. 21 av dessa deltog i återkommande kvalitativa intervjuer. Totalt genomfördes 41 intervjuer.Majoriteten av de intervjuade uppger vid uppföljningen cirka ett år efter den första intervjun att de inte har haft någon ny kontakt med socialtjänsten och att TUTI-stödet har förstärkt deras kapacitet att inte begå någon ny lagöverträdelse. Alla vittnar om att de redan vid tidpunkten för händelsen bestämt sig för att det var dumt gjort, men för några av dem var rentav det väsentligt att de fick stöd att vidmakthålla beslutet. De unga berättar att de har lärt sig mer om sig själva och utvecklat sin förmåga att ta positiva snarare än negativa beslut.För att förstå unga som för första gången kommer i kontakt med samhällets representanter när de misstänks för ett brott, har materialet analyserats med hjälp av modellen för proceduriell rättvisa (Tyler & Blader, 2003). Resultaten visar att de unga har högt förtroende för samhällets reaktion och ger legitimitet till det stöd som ges i kedjan av insatser: polis, mottagningsgrupp och familjebehandlare. Sammantaget kan vi konstatera att unga som genomgått hela TUTI-kedjan upplever samhällets reaktion vid sin första lagöverträdelse som positiv.
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| 8. |
- Bornstein, Marc H., et al.
(författare)
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’Mixed Blessings’ : Parental religiousness, parenting, and child adjustment in global perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Parenting. - New York : Taylor & Francis. - 9781000556285 - 9780367765682 - 9781003167570 ; , s. 392-415
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Most studies of the effects of parental religiousness on parenting and child development focus on a particular religion or cultural group, which limits generalizations that can be made about the effects of parental religiousness on family life.Methods: We assessed the associations among parental religiousness, parenting, and children’s adjustment in a 3-year longitudinal investigation of 1,198 families from nine countries. We included four religions (Catholicism, Protestantism, Buddhism, and Islam) plus unaffiliated parents, two positive (efficacy and warmth) and two negative (control and rejection) parenting practices, and two positive (social competence and school performance) and two negative (internalizing and externalizing) child outcomes. Parents and children were informants.Results: Greater parent religiousness had both positive and negative associations with parenting and child adjustment. Greater parent religiousness when children were age 8 was associated with higher parental efficacy at age 9 and, in turn, children’s better social competence and school performance and fewer child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. However, greater parent religiousness at age 8 was also associated with more parental control at age 9, which in turn was associated with more child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. Parental warmth and rejection had inconsistent relations with parental religiousness and child outcomes depending on the informant. With a few exceptions, similar patterns of results held for all four religions and the unaffiliated, nine sites, mothers and fathers, girls and boys, and controlling for demographic covariates.Conclusions: Parents and children agree that parental religiousness is associated with more controlling parenting and, in turn, increased child problem behaviors. However, children see religiousness as related to parental rejection, whereas parents see religiousness as related to parental efficacy and warmth, which have different associations with child functioning. Studying both parent and child views of religiousness and parenting is important to understand the effects of parental religiousness on parents and children.
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| 9. |
- Buchanan, Christy M., et al.
(författare)
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Developmental Trajectories of Parental Self-Efficacy as Children Transition to Adolescence in Nine Countries : Latent Growth Curve Analyses
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth and Adolescence. - : Plenum Publishing. - 0047-2891 .- 1573-6601. ; 53, s. 1047-1065
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the developmental trajectories of parental self-efficacy as children transition into adolescence. This study examined parental self-efficacy among mothers and fathers over 3 1/2 years representing this transition, and whether the level and developmental trajectory of parental self-efficacy varied by cultural group. Data were drawn from three waves of the Parenting Across Cultures (PAC) project, a large-scale longitudinal, cross-cultural study, and included 1178 mothers and 1041 fathers of children who averaged 9.72 years of age at T1 (51.2% girls). Parents were from nine countries (12 ethnic/cultural groups), which were categorized into those with a predominant collectivistic (i.e., China, Kenya, Philippines, Thailand, Colombia, and Jordan) or individualistic (i.e., Italy, Sweden, and USA) cultural orientation based on Hofstede's Individualism Index (Hofstede Insights, 2021). Latent growth curve analyses supported the hypothesis that parental self-efficacy would decline as children transition into adolescence only for parents from more individualistic countries; parental self-efficacy increased over the same years among parents from more collectivistic countries. Secondary exploratory analyses showed that some demographic characteristics predicted the level and trajectory of parental self-efficacy differently for parents in more individualistic and more collectivistic countries. Results suggest that declines in parental self-efficacy documented in previous research are culturally influenced.
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| 10. |
- Buchanan, Christy M, et al.
(författare)
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Typicality and trajectories of problematic and positive behaviors over adolescence in eight countries.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we examine the predictions of a storm and stress characterization of adolescence concerning typicality and trajectories of internalizing, externalizing, and wellbeing from late childhood through late adolescence. Using data from the Parenting Across Cultures study, levels and trajectories of these characteristics were analyzed for 1,211 adolescents from 11 cultural groups across eight countries. Data were longitudinal, collected at seven timepoints from 8 to 17 years of age. Results provide more support for a storm and stress characterization with respect to the developmental trajectories of behavior and characteristics from childhood to adolescence or across the adolescent years than with respect to typicality of behavior. Overall, adolescents' behavior was more positive than negative in all cultural groups across childhood and adolescence. There was cultural variability in both prevalence and trajectories of behavior. The data provide support for arguments that a more positive and nuanced characterization of adolescence is appropriate and important.
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