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Sökning: WFRF:(Speakman J. R.) > (2022)

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1.
  • Zhang, X., et al. (författare)
  • Human total, basal and activity energy expenditures are independent of ambient environmental temperature
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 2589-0042. ; 25:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lower ambient temperature (Ta) requires greater energy expenditure to sustain body temperature. However, effects of Ta on human energetics may be buffered by environmental modification and behavioral compensation. We used the IAEA DLW database for adults in the USA (n = 3213) to determine the effect of Ta (−10 to +30°C) on TEE, basal (BEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) and physical activity level (PAL). There were no significant relationships (p > 0.05) between maximum, minimum and average Ta and TEE, BEE, AEE and PAL. After adjustment for fat-free mass, fat mass and age, statistically significant (p < 0.01) relationships between TEE, BEE and Ta emerged in females but the effect sizes were not biologically meaningful. Temperatures inside buildings are regulated at 18–25°C independent of latitude. Hence, adults in the US modify their environments to keep TEE constant across a wide range of external ambient temperatures.
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2.
  • Stoevelaar, Herman, et al. (författare)
  • Personalised versus non-individualised case-based CME: A randomised pilot study.
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of European CME. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2161-4083. ; 11:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The PinPoint Case Platform (PPCP) offers independent online case-based CME. To align with personal learning needs, a functionality of needs assessments ("QuickScan") was developed, directing users to follow personalised case journeys. A randomised study was conducted, comparing its effectiveness, time efficiency and user experience with a format of non-individualised case-based learning. Forty-two residents in urology from five European countries were randomly assigned to follow non-individualised case-based learning (control group) or a needs assessment plus personalised case journeys on different topics in prostate cancer. After performing a pre- and post-assessment, both groups showed a similar increase in test scores (Mann-Whitney U =247; p =.113), but the time needed for completing the learning exercise was significantly lower in the group with the personalised approach (median: 45 vs 90minutes; Mann-Whitney U =97.5; p =.0141). The quality of the two learning methods was similarly well received by both groups. In conclusion, learners who followed personalised case journeys learned similarly effective but more time efficient than non-individualised case-based learners. Future studies should determine if these findings can be extrapolated to board-certified physicians following CME activities.
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