| 1. |
- Dickson, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Derisive Parenting Fosters Dysregulated Anger in Adolescent Children and Subsequent Difficulties with Peers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth and Adolescence. - : SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS. - 0047-2891 .- 1573-6601. ; 48:8, s. 1567-1579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bullying and victimization are manifest in the peer social world, but have origins in the home. Uncertainty surrounds the mechanisms that convey problems between these settings. The present study describes the indirect transmission of hostility and coercion from parents to adolescent children through emotional dysregulation. In this model, derisive parenting-behaviors that demean or belittle children-fosters dysregulated anger, which precipitates peer difficulties. A total of 1409 participants (48% female; M-age=13.4 years at the outset) were followed across secondary school (Grades 7-9) for three consecutive years. The results indicated that derisive parenting in Grade 7 was associated with increases in adolescent dysregulated anger from Grade 7 to 8, which, in turn, was associated with increases in bullying and victimization from Grade 8 to 9. The findings suggest that parents who are derisive, have children who struggle with emotional regulation and, ultimately, with constructive peer relationships.
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| 2. |
- Dickson, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Parental Supervision and Alcohol Abuse Among Adolescent Girls
- 2015
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Ingår i: Pediatrics. - : American academic Pediatrics. - 0031-4005 .- 1098-4275. ; 136:4, s. 617-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Inadequate parent supervision during the early adolescent years forecasts a host of conduct problems, including illicit alcohol consumption. Early pubertal maturation may exacerbate problems, because girls alienated from same-age peers seek the company of older, more mature youth. The current study examines overtime associations between parent autonomy granting and adolescent alcohol abuse during a developmental period when alcohol consumption becomes increasingly normative, to determine if early maturing girls are at special risk for problems arising from a lack of parent supervision.METHODS: At annual intervals for 4 consecutive years, a community sample of 957 Swedish girls completed surveys beginning in the first year of secondary school (approximate age: 13 years) describing rates of alcohol intoxication and perceptions of parent autonomy granting. Participants also reported age at menarche.RESULTS: Multiple-group parallel process growth curve models revealed that early pubertal maturation exacerbated the risk associated with premature autonomy granting: Alcohol intoxication rates increased 3 times faster for early maturing girls with the greatest autonomy than they did for early maturing girls with the least autonomy. Child-driven effects were also found such that higher initial levels of alcohol abuse predicted greater increases in autonomy granting as parent supervision over children engaged in illicit drinking waned.CONCLUSIONS: Early maturing girls are at elevated risk for physical and psychological adjustment difficulties. The etiology of escalating problems with alcohol can be traced, in part, to a relative absence of parent supervision during a time when peer interactions assume special significance.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Eklund, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Kapitalmarknadsrätt
- 2016. - 1. uppl.
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Li, Weiqiang, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide Scan Identifies Role for AOX1 in Prostate Cancer Survival
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838 .- 1873-7560. ; 74:6, s. 710-719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed genome-wide association studies and found single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at seven independent loci associated with prostate-cancer-specific survival time. Two SNPs replicated in an independent cohort. The SNP rs73055188 at AOX1 is associated with AOX1 gene expression level, which is correlated with biochemical recurrence.
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| 7. |
- Markt, Sarah C., et al.
(författare)
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ABO Blood Group Alleles and Prostate Cancer Risk : results from the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3)
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Prostate. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 75:15, s. 1677-1681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. ABO blood group has been associated with risk of cancers of the pancreas, stomach, ovary, kidney, and skin, but has not been evaluated in relation to risk of aggressive prostate cancer. METHODS. We used three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs8176746, rs505922, and rs8176704) to determine ABO genotype in 2,774 aggressive prostate cancer cases and 4,443 controls from the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3). Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate age and study-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between blood type, genotype, and risk of aggressive prostate cancer (Gleason score >= 8 or locally advanced/metastatic disease (stage T3/T4/N1/M1). RESULTS. We found no association between ABO blood type and risk of aggressive prostate cancer (Type A: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.87-1.08; Type B: OR = 0.92, 95% CI = n0.77-1.09; Type AB: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.98-1.59, compared to Type O, respectively). Similarly, there was no association between "dose" of A or B alleles and aggressive prostate cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS. ABO blood type was not associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer. Prostate 75: 1677-1681, 2015. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 8. |
- Melvin, Jennifer C, et al.
(författare)
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An investigation into the relationship between Statins and Cancer using population-based data
- 2015
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Ingår i: BJU International. - : Wiley. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 116:5, s. 681-683
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Results to date for the association between use of statins and prostate cancer (PCa) death in observational studies are inconsistent. We investigated the application of causal inference methods, which aim to address observational data as if they were from a randomised clinical trial (RCT).MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined the association between statins and PCa-death in 14,926 men in PCBaSe Sweden. We used inverse probability weighted (IPW) estimation of marginal structural models (MSM), as well incorporating truncated IPW in the presence of time-dependent confounders (TDC) (e.g., disease severity), affected by the exposure.RESULTS: The baseline adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 0.62 (95%CI: 0.51-0.75), which compared risk of PCa-death between men on statins and men not on statins. The calculated IPW for the MSM were highly variable, with the smallest weight at 0.0019 and the largest at 13,574, resulting in an OR of 0.89 (95%CI: 0.69-1.14). Truncating the weights improved variability, reducing the largest weight to 13.16. The truncated MSM OR was 0.86 (95%CI: 0.81-0.91).CONCLUSION: An association of statins and risk of PCa-death could not be reliably discerned, due to lack of data on essential confounders, namely serum cholesterol levels and disease severity. No observational studies on statin-use to date present information on serum cholesterol levels and disease severity in one setting, highlighting the need for careful interpretation of investigations into drugs in relation to diseases other than their intended purpose in observational settings.
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| 9. |
- Sjöberg, Hans Gustaf
(författare)
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Reglering av banker
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The subject of this dissertation is the regulation of banks. The enquiry is built around three overreaching research questions:1. What is a bank?2. Why do banks have to be regulated?3. How should banks be regulated? Each of these three questions is dedicated a separate and comprehensive section, each consisting of several chapters. Even though the subject is jurisprudence, the perspective of the enquiry is chiefly that of economics, more precisely finance, and the overriding aim is to find socially desirable legal solutions. To a large extent this is achieved through a process of identifying socially desirable goals for legislation and discussing different legal means of achieving them. The overall aim is socially optimal regulatory solutions, which is what makes the enquiry jurisprudence. Not only economic analysis plays a part in the process of finding legal solutions, but legal principles and limitations of different kinds also have an important role, for example requirements of legal certainty. One way of describing the enquiry is to say that it starts with the identification of the fundamental functions of banks from an economic perspective and ends just before the formulation of concrete legal rules. One could say that the legislator is pointed in desired directions and legal solutions are suggested, but that concrete rules are not formulated. The enquiry is primarily focused on market failures related to information asymmetries. Negative external effects do not have the prominent place in this enquiry that they usually do in other works. A central question is how banks’ opaque, and therefore hard to value, assets affect the needed regulation. A starting point for the analysis of regulation is a compilation of reasons to regulate banks. The reasons are divided into what is referred to as fundamental reasons – called reasons of the first order – and reasons that follow from other regulation – called reasons of the second order. The enquiry is about prudential regulation. Capital (own funds) and capital requirements play a central role. Capital is central because it determines robustness and incentives. Capital requirements are seen as a means to achieve adequate levels of capital. The dissertation contains almost no analysis of the law as it stands. Since the enquiry lies in the intersection between law and finance and has a de lege ferenda perspective, the methodological considerations are comprehensive. The regulation of banks pose almost unique challenges when it comes to legal certainty, in so far as there is a built in tension between a need for qualitative judgements, e.g. of various aspects of banks’ activities and business models, and the requirements of legal certainty. A well-functioning crisis management regime should play an important part in banking legislation and this issue is dedicated a chapter. Crisis management is important both ex ante as a governance tool and ex post as the handling of failing banks is important from a societal perspective. The final chapter contains a comprehensive summary of the enquiry’s assessments, conclusions and proposals as well as an element of qualitative elaboration.
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| 10. |
- Sjödin, Erik, 1978-
(författare)
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Ett europeiserat arbetstagarinflytande : en rättslig studie av inflytandedirektivens genomförande i Sverige
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Employee involvement is a central question in labour law. In this dissertation the author examines eight EU directives (the involvement directives) with provisions on employee involvement. The aim of the dissertation is to analyse the content of the involvement directives and how they have affected the Swedish system of employee involvement.The study focuses on a number of questions that are common for the directives. First, the foundations of employee involvement are examined. The foundations are: between which actors employee involvement is exercised; the protection awarded to employee representatives; and to what extent the social partners may deviate from provisions in the directives. The other questions that are common are: what areas employee representatives are entitled to be involved in; how shall the involvement be exercised; do the directives contain any quality criteria that need to be observed; when should the employer inform and consult the employee representatives? Finally, the sanctions that may be imposed when the rules on employee involvement are violated are analysed.
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