| 1. |
- Brydsten, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
The Road to Retirement: A Life Course Perspective on Labor Market Trajectories and Retirement Behaviors
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Work Aging and Retirement. - : Oxford University Press. - 2054-4642 .- 2054-4650.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While a prolonged working life has been mainly feasible for people with the most advantageous working careers, knowledge about the barriers for those with vulnerable occupational paths is still scarce. This study explores the conditions for prolonged working life from a perspective on labor market trajectories. Drawing from a gendered life course perspective and that (dis)advantageous tends to accumulate over time, we investigate the opportunity structure for the most disadvantaged workers and which characteristics of labor market trajectories can explain the decision to work longer. To this end, a Swedish longitudinal survey and register data from the Panel Survey of Ageing and the Elderly (PSAE) were used, following people across a substantial part of their working life. With sequence analysis, we identified 5 trajectories that represent typical labor market trajectories from mid-life until retirement age. Our findings showed that labor market precarity in mid-life remained a key characteristic until the expected retirement age, showing both early signs of early labor market exit and a precarity trap into a prolonged working life. These findings emphasize the need to identify at-risk groups early in their careers and that mid-life interventions are needed to prevent involuntary labor market exits and to ensure a sustainable working life. In particular, the need to protect older workers with turbulent or precarious labor market trajectories against labor market risks and retirement schemes that could inadvertently contribute to increased social and economic inequality in later life.
|
|
| 2. |
- Fors Connolly, Filip, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Adjustment of daily activities to restrictions and reported spread of the COVID-19 pandemic across Europe
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper addresses adjustments of daily activities in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic among people aged 50 years and older in Europe, and investigates the extent to which such adjustments are associated with the stringency of governmental restrictions and the overall spread of COVID-19. We use data from the SHARE Corona Survey collected during summer2020, published data on government response stringency, and reported country-specific prevalence and mortality of COVID-19. Our analyses show that older Europeans across the continent have reduced their daily activities quite substantially during the pandemic. However, we observe variation across countries and demographic groups, which may be important to highlight for policymakers. Our explanatory analysis replicates previous studies using mobility data, showing that both restrictions and infections predict a reduction in mobility. Thus, policymakers could potentially rely on both restrictions and voluntary adjustments in order to decrease the spread of the virus. However, it is noteworthy that we find relatively weaker associations with restrictions compared to previous studies using mobility data. One explanation for this discrepancy could be that our study focuses on older people, who face a higher risk of becoming severely ill and therefore have stronger incentives to adjust their behaviours independent of governmental regulations.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Jonsson, Robin, 1986, et al.
(författare)
-
Matching the Pieces: The Presence of Idiosyncratic Deals and Their Impact on Retirement Preferences Among Older Workers
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Work, Aging and Retirement. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 2054-4642 .- 2054-4650. ; 7:3, s. 240-255
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite working life prolongation having been at the center of the policy agenda in Europe for the last two decades, organizations’ engagement in formal age-management activities intended to strengthen older workers’ motivation and work ability appears limited. Given policies to extend working lives, negotiated individualized work arrangements—often called idiosyncratic deals (I-deals)—can be an informal and complementary approach to formalized age-management practices, improving the person–job fit and helping older workers extend their working lives. Nevertheless, research on I-deals and retirement preferences remains scarce in the Nordic context, where collective agreements regulate conditions of employment and the employer–employee relationship. Using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, this study examines five areas of I-deals (i.e., Task and Work Responsibilities, Workload Reduction, Schedule Flexibility, Location Flexibility, and Financial Incentives) and their relationships with retirement preferences among Swedish public-sector employees aged 55 years or older (n = 4,499). Findings show that I-deals are generally less prevalent among women and older employees, as well as among those with poor health, in lower socioeconomic positions, and with shorter organizational tenure. Regarding retirement preferences, we found Task and Work Responsibilities to be related to later preferred retirement age, while, surprisingly, the opposite was observed for Workload Reduction, probably because individuals who received workload reductions also reported poorer health. Comparatively, factors such as matching employees’ competence, experience, and growth opportunities seem to be the most important for public-sector employees’ retirement preferences.
|
|
| 5. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
|
|
| 6. |
- Nordlund, Madelene, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Disability benefits and work reconsidered : is work really good for people with disabilities?
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: In this study we ask if employment is beneficial for people with disabilities (psychiatric respectively musculoskeletal diagnoses). We set out two hypotheses: 1) Disabled people with an employment report better health than those without employment. 2) Work conditions affect the extent to whichwork benefits the health.METHODS: We used longitudinal data, the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions 2002/03 and 2010/11. The number of respondents were 1925 including both people with diagnoses and a control group without any diagnosis. Linear Probability Models were regressed to identify variations between disability groups, as regards the correlation between paid work and self-reported health.RESULTS: People with diagnoses seemed to benefit from employment, and this was particularly evident for people with psychiatric diagnoses. The effect was also stronger in subjects with severe symptoms from their diagnosis. This may be because people with severe symptoms are more affected by their illnesses, and therefore gain more from participation in everyday activities. Having a job can work as an important source to fulfill various psychosocial needs. Further, experiences of poorer work environments tended to be associated with lower levels of health. This result is important given the trend that policies might result in that disabled people are forced to engage in work activities in order to receive benefits, irrespective of their work preferences.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the policy aim to involve the disabled in paid work is appropriate for improving health but policies should be more flexible in relation to individual needs of the disabled.
|
|
| 7. |
- Olofsson, Jenny, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sociodemographic factors and adjustment of daily activities during the COVID-19 pandemic – findings from the SHARE Corona Survey
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Aging & Social Policy. - : Routledge. - 0895-9420 .- 1545-0821.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, older people across Europe have adjusted their daily activities as personal risk avoidance and as an amendment to policy recommendations and restrictions. In this study, we use multilevel logistic regressions to examine to what extent sociodemographic factors are associated with activity reduction among the older population (50+) in Europe and whether these associations are moderated by governmental policy responses to COVID-19. By combining data for~35,000 respondents from the SHARE Corona Survey on reported changes in daily activities and stringency of restrictions at the national level, we find that older age, poorer health and being female versus male were (consistently) associated with greater activity reduction across all activities both in countries with weak and in those with strong restrictions. Associations between education, employment and living situation, on the one hand, and activity reduction, on the other, were weaker and less consistent. We conclude that differences between sociodemographic groups are rather similar for countries with weak and those with strong restrictions and hence argue that group-specific policy recommendation are relevant independent of stringency recommendations.
|
|
| 8. |
- Sandström, Glenn, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Persistence of High Levels of Living Alone Among Adults with Disabilities in Sweden, 1993–2011
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Population. - : Springer. - 0167-5923 .- 1573-7829. ; 40:2, s. 163-185
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates how the probability to live alone has developed among working age individuals with and without disabilities in Sweden during the period 1993–2011 when extensive political reforms to improve the integration of disabled individuals in society were implemented. The results show that individuals with disabilities are approximately twice as likely to be living alone when compared to individuals without disabilities. People with disabilities were also more likely to report low life satisfaction, and this was especially true among individuals with disabilities living alone. Men and women with disabilities also tend to experience longer periods of living as a one-person household than non-disabled people. Over time we find no indications of reduced differences in family outcomes between disabled and non-disabled individuals but rather evidence to the contrary. These differences are interpreted as being the result of the disadvantage disabled individual’s experience in the partner market and that people with disabilities are less successful in forming partnerships that can lead to cohabitation and family formation. The results thus show how disabled individuals still face societal barriers that limit their possibilities to find and sustain relationships that result in stable cohabitation despite increased efforts to improve their inclusion in Swedish society.
|
|
| 9. |
- Stattin, Karl, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of contracting and dying in infection and sepsis : a Swedish population-based cohort study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Critical Care. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 28:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSepsis is a condition where the immune response to infection becomes dysregulated and life-threatening. It is not known whether lifestyle factors influence the risk of sepsis. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association between physical activity and the risk of acquiring and dying in infection or sepsis.MethodsThe population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort and Cohort of Swedish Men sent participants lifestyle questionnaires in 1997 and have subsequently followed participants in national Swedish registers, including the National Patient Register, the Swedish Intensive Care Registry and the Cause of Death Register. The risk of contracting infection and sepsis, the risk of intensive care unit admission and the risk of death were estimated using multivariable Cox regression.ResultsAmong 64,850 cohort participants, 26,124 individuals suffered at least one episode of infection or sepsis and 4708 individuals died of infection or sepsis during the study period. In adjusted analyses, compared to exercising less than one hour per week, stated exercise one hour per week was associated with lower risk of contracting infection or sepsis, hazard ratio (HR) 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90-0.97), and lower risk of dying in infection or sepsis, HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.80-0.96). Further exercise was associated with even lower risk, and similar patterns were observed for walking. The population-attributable risks of contracting and dying in infection or sepsis for not exercising were 2.6% and 4.5%, respectively.ConclusionsExercise and walking demonstrate inverse dose-response associations with both the risk of contracting and dying in infection and sepsis, presenting possible preventative interventions for this critical condition.
|
|
| 10. |
- Stattin, Karl, et al.
(författare)
-
Smoking is associated with higher risk of contracting bacterial infection and pneumonia, intensive care unit admission and death
- 2024
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 19:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Smoking has been associated with a higher risk of contracting pneumonia, but contradictory results have shown that smoking may or may not decrease the risk of dying in pneumonia. The aim of this study is to investigate how smoking is associated with contracting any infection and pneumonia and death.Method and findings: Participants were drawn from the population-based Cohort of Swedish Men and the Swedish Mammography Cohort, which are representative of the Swedish population. Participants have answered detailed lifestyle questionnaires and have been followed in national registers, such as the Patient Register, Cause of Death register and Swedish Intensive Care Registry. The risks of contracting infection and pneumonia or dying in infection and pneumonia were assessed using Cox regression. Of 62,902 cohort participants, 25,297 contracted an infection of which 4,505 died; and 10,471 contracted pneumonia of which 2,851 died. Compared to never smokers, former smokers at baseline had hazard ratio (HR) 1.08 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.12) of contracting and HR 1.19 (95% CI 1.11-1.28) of dying in infection and HR 1.17 (95% CI 1.12-1.23) of contracting and HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.06-1.27) of dying in pneumonia during follow-up. Compared to never smokers, current smokers at baseline had HR 1.17 (95% CI 1.13-1.21) of contracting infection and HR 1.64 (95% CI 1.52-1.77) dying in infection; HR 1.42 (95% CI 1.35-1.49) of contracting pneumonia and HR 1.70 (95% CI 1.55-1.87) of dying in pneumonia during follow-up. The risk of contracting and dying in infection and pneumonia increased in a dose-response manner with number of pack years smoked and decreased with years since smoking cessation.Conclusion: Smoking is associated with contracting and dying in any infection and pneumonia and the risk increases with pack years smoked, highlighting the importance of both primary prevention and smoking cessation.
|
|
