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- Edin, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Opposing roles by KRAS and BRAF mutation on immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer : possible implications for immunotherapy
- 2024
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Nature. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The immune response has important clinical value in colorectal cancer (CRC) in both prognosis and response to immunotherapy. This study aims to explore tumour immune cell infiltration in relation to clinically well-established molecular markers of CRC.Methods: Multiplex immunohistochemistry and multispectral imaging was used to evaluate tumour infiltration of cytotoxic T cells (CD8+), Th1 cells (T-bet+), T regulatory cells (FoxP3+), B cells (CD20+), and macrophages (CD68+) in a cohort of 257 CRC patients.Results: We found the expected association between higher immune-cell infiltration and microsatellite instability. Also, whereas BRAF-mutated tumours displayed increased immune-cell infiltration compared to BRAF wild-type tumours, the opposite was seen for KRAS-mutated tumours, differences that were most prominent for cytotoxic T cells and Th1 cells. The opposing relationships of BRAF and KRAS mutations with tumour infiltration of cytotoxic T cells was validated in an independent cohort of 608 CRC patients. A positive prognostic importance of cytotoxic T cells was found in wild-type as well as KRAS and BRAF-mutated CRCs in both cohorts.Conclusion: A combined evaluation of MSI status, KRAS and BRAF mutational status, and immune infiltration (cytotoxic T cells) may provide important insights to prognosis and response to immunotherapy in CRC.
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| 2. |
- Karlsson Green, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Making sense of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in the light of evolution
- 2020
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Ingår i: Evolutionary applications. - : Wiley. - 1752-4571. ; 13, s. 1791-1805
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a holistic approach to combat pests (including herbivores, pathogens, and weeds) using a combination of preventive and curative actions, and only applying synthetic pesticides when there is an urgent need. Just as the recent recognition that an evolutionary perspective is useful in medicine to understand and predict interactions between hosts, diseases, and medical treatments, we argue that it is crucial to integrate an evolutionary framework in IPM to develop efficient and reliable crop protection strategies that do not lead to resistance development in herbivores, pathogens, and weeds. Such a framework would not only delay resistance evolution in pests, but also optimize each element of the management and increase the synergies between them. Here, we outline key areas within IPM that would especially benefit from a thorough evolutionary understanding. In addition, we discuss the difficulties and advantages of enhancing communication among research communities rooted in different biological disciplines and between researchers and society. Furthermore, we present suggestions that could advance implementation of evolutionary principles in IPM and thus contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture that is resilient to current and emerging pests.
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| 3. |
- Wikman, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Interprofessional collaboration in the care delivery pathway for patients with COPD–experiences of nurses and physical therapists : a qualitative study
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Physiotherapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2167-9169 .- 2167-9177.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often require treatment from different healthcare professionals at different levels of care. Previous research indicates shortcomings in interprofessional collaboration and rocky transitions between primary care, specialised care and long-term care.Aim: The aim was to explore how nurses and physical therapists experience their role in interprofessional collaboration and the care delivery pathway for patients with COPD.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses (n = 4) and physical therapists (n = 7) from different levels of care between October 2020 and January 2021 and analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results: Insufficient time and continuity along with unclear routines were perceived as inhibiting interprofessional collaboration and transitions within the care delivery pathway. Dialogue between healthcare professionals was considered important to increase familiarisation with other professional roles and to enhance mutual support. Insufficient competence and low priority in healthcare was perceived as placing responsibility on the silent patient group to contact healthcare for follow-ups.Conclusions: This study provides insights into the experiences of nurses and physical therapists regarding several insufficiencies in interprofessional collaboration and the care delivery pathway. It is necessary to increase COPD-related competence among healthcare professionals, develop and clarify routines and provide conditions for dialogue between healthcare professionals.
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