| 1. |
- Andersson, P. O., et al.
(författare)
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Pen injection and change in metabolic control and quality of life in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
- 1997
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 36:3, s. 169-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A second follow-up of metabolic control and quality of life in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients who had switched 3 years before from syringe to multiple pen injection treatment, was carried out. A total of 73 consecutive outpatients were enrolled in the initial follow-up study in 1988, 1 year after their changeover to insulin pen, with their metabolic control and quality of life examined. The present study concerns the reexamination of 65 of them in 1990. Their HbA(1c) level was recorded yearly, already from 1987, on. After an enhancement of metabolic control in 1988, exhibited primarily by patients with fewer syringe injections before pen treatment, control up to 1990 was found to have regressed to about baseline level or to have gradually declined. Patients who perceived their ability to self-test blood glucose to have decreased exhibited the least satisfactory course of metabolic control. This is seen to indicate that maintaining self-testing in multiple injection insulin treatment is a very real challenge to this regimen.
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| 2. |
- Bernada, P, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental study of the moisture distribution inside a pulp sheet using MRI. Part I: Principles of the MRI technique
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Pulp and Paper Science. - 0826-6220. ; 24:12, s. 373-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to its real advantages in terms of spatial resolution, the MRI technique has been chosen in order to study the internal moisture in 2.5 mm thick industrial pulp samples. A spin-echo sequence with very short echo-time (TE= 2 ms) has been designed to measure moisture content inside highly hygroscopic materials and was able to detect moisture even at very low moisture content (6%). In order to enhance the spin-lattice relaxation process, and thus reduce the total scanning time of an image, the pulp samples were wetted with solutions containing contrasting agents such as copper sulphate. The optimized value of the copper sulphate concentration was finally found to be around 0.5 gL(-1). A calibration curve was utilized to transform the signal intensity into moisture content values. A slight curvature probably due to shrinkage effects appears in the calibration curve.
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| 3. |
- Bernada, P, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental study of the moisture distribution inside a pulp sheet using MRI. Part II: Drying experiments
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Pulp and Paper Science. - 0826-6220. ; 24:12, s. 380-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A spin-echo MRI sequence has been employed to measure moisture profiles during the drying of industrial never-dried pulp samples and was able to detect moisture even at very low:moisture content (6%). For the first time, moisture profiles have been measured for pulp samples approximately 2.5 mm thick with a spatial resolution of 0.15 mm under quite severe drying temperatures (up to 87 degrees C). The results highlight strong moisture gradients near the sample surfaces and no classical constant mass flux period, which leads to the conclusion that the evaporation at the surface is never fully compensated by the internal capillary flow during our drying experiments.
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| 6. |
- Hammersberg, P., et al.
(författare)
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A theoretical model for determination of the optimal irradiation conditions for computerised tomography
- 1995
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Ingår i: Insight. - 1354-2575 .- 1754-4904. ; 37:12, s. 978-985
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Image quality in Computerised Tomography (CT) depends strongly on the quality of the CT-projection data. These depend on sample composition and geometry, contrasting details within the sample and the equipment used, i.e. X-ray spectra, filtration, detector response and geometry. This paper focuses on the problem of selecting the optimal physical parameters to maximise the signal-to-noise in CT projection data (SNRCT) between a contrasting detail and the surrounding sample for CT-scanners equipped with poly-energetic X-ray sources (conventional X-ray tubes) and energy-integrating detector systems (image intensifier and optical video chain). The work includes the derivation and verification ofa theoretical model for SNRCT which can be used for predicting the optimal physical parameters for specific imaging tasks. It is shown that simplified calculations valid for mono-energetic X-ray sources and/or photon counting detectors do not correctly predict the optimal settings. This study also includes measurements of the actual X-ray source and photon transport Monte Carlo simulations of the response of the detector system.
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| 7. |
- Hammersberg, P., et al.
(författare)
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Maximising the signal-to-noise ratio in computerised tomography data using robust design
- 1996
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Ingår i: Insight. - 1354-2575 .- 1754-4904. ; 38:2, s. 112-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Image quality in Computerised Tomography (CT) depends strongly on the quality of the CT-projection data, which vary with the imaged sample and the equipment used. The objective has been to find a setting of the CT-scanner Control Factors (CF) maximising the signal-to-noise ratio in CT projection data (SNRCT) of a contrasting detail (for example a defect) and a surrounding cylindrical sample, and to present a general optimisation methodology. An optimisation case study was carried out, valid for a CT-scanner equipped with a polyenergetic X-ray source (conventional) with tungsten target and a partially energy-integrating detector system (image intensifier and optical video chain), with and without consideration qf the exposure limits associated with the microfocal X-ray source used. The CF of interest were tube potential, exposure (product of tube current and exposure time), material and thickness of the primary filter, optical aperture and attenuation equalising filter design. The settings yielding the highest values of SNRCT were found using thick filter of high atomic number, small iris and use of an X-ray attenuation equalisation filter design. The exposure limits make the CF interdependent, yielding another optimal setting. The CF setting was also found to be independent of the contrasting detail, in the particular case study.
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| 10. |
- Stenström, P., et al.
(författare)
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Boosting the performance of shared memory multiprocessors
- 1997
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Ingår i: Computer. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9162 .- 1558-0814. ; 30, s. 63-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proposed hardware optimizations to CC-NUMA machines-shared memory multiprocessors that use cache consistency protocols-can shorten the time processors lose because of cache misses and invalidations. The authors look at cost-performance trade-offs for each
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