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- Campos-Pereira, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of pH, surface charge and soil properties on the solid-solution partitioning of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a wide range of temperate soils
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pH-dependent soil-water partitioning of six perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) of environmental concern (PFOA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFHxS, PFOS and FOSA), was investigated for 11 temperate mineral soils and related to soil properties such as organic carbon content (0.2-3%), concentrations of Fe and Al (hydr)oxides, and texture. PFAS sorption was positively related to the perfluorocarbon chain length of the molecule, and inversely related to solution pH for all substances. The negative slope between log Kd and pH became steeper with increasing perfluorocarbon chain length of the PFAS (r2 = 0.75, p <= 0.05). Organic carbon (OC) alone was a poor predictor of the partitioning for all PFASs, except for FOSA (r2 = 0.71), and the OC-normalized PFAS partitioning, as derived from organic soil materials, underestimated PFAS sorption to the soils. Multiple linear regression suggested sorption contributions (p <= 0.05) from OC for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and FOSA, and Fe/Al (hydr) oxides for PFOS, FOSA, and perfluorodecanoate (PFDA). FOSA was the only substance under study for which there was a statistically significant correlation between its binding and soil texture (silt + clay). To predict PFAS sorption, the surface net charge of the soil organic matter fraction of all soils was calculated using the Stockholm Humic Model. When calibrated against charge-dependent PFAS sorption to a peat (Oe) material, the derived model significantly underestimated the measured Kd values for 10 out of 11 soils. To conclude, additional
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| 4. |
- Allwood, Jens, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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"Vänta och se versus låtsas inte förstå om du inte gör det!" Om svensk sjukvårdspersonals erfarenheter av kommunikation med utländska läkare.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Aktuellt om Migration. - 1652-7119. ; 2:(finns på internet)
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Det är knappt att de hörs, steg av fötter i vita fotriktiga inomhussandaler, mjuka och tassande. Ljusa korridorer, väggar med scheman, plastblommor vid fönster och fina neutrala ”institutionsgardiner.” Dämpade röster, deltagande leenden, automatiska dörrar, breda nog för en sjukhussäng. På akuten – en samling människor med väntande och uppgivna ansiktsuttryck. Nuläget: Långa väntetider, tajta och utmattande scheman för personalen med ett ökat antal sjukskrivningar som följd. Ständiga påminnelser om anstående neddragningar och sjukvårdens brister som förstasidesnyheter. Önskas: Tid och pengar, arbetskraft som orkar, kan och vill, som ser möjligheterna och inte problemen. Något som ökar vår återspegling av det nya mångkulturella samhället i vården och som även passar in i våra personalvisioner och måldokument.
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| 6. |
- Astermark, Jan
(författare)
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Overview of inhibitors
- 2006
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Ingår i: Seminars in Hematology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0037-1963. ; 43:2, Suppl. S4, s. 3-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Astermark, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Polymorphisms in the IL-10 but not in the IL-1{beta} and IL-4 genes are associated with inhibitor development in patients with hemophilia A.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 107:8, s. 3167-3172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the Malmö International Brother Study (MIBS) is to evaluate host genetic factors associated with the development of inhibitory antibodies in patients with hemophilia. Factor VIII gene mutations and genetic polymorphisms of the IL1beta, IL4, and 100 genes, known to influence antibody production in autoimmune diseases, were analyzed in 164 patients (124 with severe, 26 with moderate, and 14 with mild disease) in 78 unrelated families with hemophilia A. Seventy-seven (47%) patients in 54 families had a history of inhibitors (57 high responding, 20 low responding). Inversions were found in 36 families (75 patients). There was no association between the development of inhibitor and the IL1beta Taql RFLP alleles in exon 5 or the -590 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of IL4. There was, however, a strong association between an allele with 134 bp in one of the CA repeat microsatellites, IL10G, located in the promoter region of the IL10 gene, and the development of inhibitor (odds ratio [OR], 4.4; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.1-9.5; P < .001). The association was consistent in the subgroup of families with severe hemophilia and inversions. IL10 is the first gene located outside the causative factor VIII gene mutation to be associated with inhibitor development.
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| 9. |
- Basu, K., et al.
(författare)
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Non-parametric modeling of the intra-cluster gas using APEX-SZ bolometer imaging data
- 2010
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 519:Article Number: A29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. We aim to demonstrate the usability of mm-wavelength imaging data obtained from the APEX-SZ bolometer array to derive the radial temperature profile of the hot intra-cluster gas out to radius r(500) and beyond. The goal is to study the physical properties of the intra-cluster gas by using a non-parametric de-projection method that is, aside from the assumption of spherical symmetry, free from modeling bias. Methods. We use publicly available X-ray spectroscopic-imaging data in the 0.7-2 keV energy band from the XMM-Newton observatory and our Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect (SZE) imaging data from the APEX-SZ experiment at 150 GHz to de-project the density and temperature profiles for a well-studied relaxed cluster, Abell 2204. We derive the gas density, temperature and entropy profiles assuming spherical symmetry, and obtain the total mass profile under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. For comparison with X-ray spectroscopic temperature models, a re-analysis of recent Chandra observation is done with the latest calibration updates. We compare the results with that from an unrelaxed cluster, Abell 2163, to illustrate some differences between relaxed and merging systems. Results. Using the non-parametric modeling, we demonstrate a decrease of gas temperature in the cluster outskirts, and also measure gas entropy profiles, both of which are done for the first time independently of X-ray spectroscopy using the SZE and X-ray imaging data. The gas entropy measurement in the central 100 kpc shows the usability of APEX-SZ data for inferring cluster dynamical states with this method. The contribution of the SZE systematic uncertainties in measuring T-e at large radii is shown to be small compared to XMM-Newton and Chandra systematic spectroscopic errors. The total mass profile obtained using the hydrostatic equilibrium assumption is in agreement with the published X-ray and weak lensing results; the upper limit on M-200 derived from the non-parametric method is consistent with the NFW model prediction from weak lensing analysis.
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| 10. |
- Campos Pacheco, Jesús Enrique, et al.
(författare)
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Inhalable porous particles as dual micro-nano carriers demonstrating efficient lung drug delivery for treatment of tuberculosis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Controlled Release. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0168-3659 .- 1873-4995. ; 369, s. 231-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inhalation therapy treating severe infectious disease is among the more complex and emerging topics in controlled drug release. Micron-sized carriers are needed to deposit drugs into the lower airways, while nano-sized carriers are of preference for cell targeting. Here, we present a novel and versatile strategy using micron-sized spherical particles with an excellent aerodynamic profile that dissolve in the lung fluid to ultimately generate nanoparticles enabling to enhance both extra- and intra-cellular drug delivery (i.e., dual micro-nano inhalation strategy). The spherical particles are synthesised through the condensation of nano-sized amorphous silicon dioxide resulting in high surface area, disordered mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) with monodispersed size of 2.43 μm. Clofazimine (CLZ), a drug shown to be effective against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, was encapsulated in the MSPs obtaining a dry powder formulation with high respirable fraction (F.P.F. <5 μm of 50%) without the need of additional excipients. DSC, XRPD, and Nitrogen adsorption-desorption indicate that the drug was fully amorphous when confined in the nano-sized pores (9–10 nm) of the MSPs (shelf-life of 20 months at 4 °C). Once deposited in the lung, the CLZ-MSPs exhibited a dual action. Firstly, the nanoconfinement within the MSPs enabled a drastic dissolution enhancement of CLZ in simulated lung fluid (i.e., 16-fold higher than the free drug), increasing mycobacterial killing than CLZ alone (p = 0.0262) and reaching concentrations above the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against biofilms of M. tuberculosis (i.e., targeting extracellular bacteria). The released CLZ permeated but was highly retained in a Calu-3 respiratory epithelium model, suggesting a high local drug concentration within the lung tissue minimizing risk for systemic side effects. Secondly, the micron-sized drug carriers spontaneously dissolve in simulated lung fluid into nano-sized drug carriers (shown by Nano-FTIR), delivering high CLZ cargo inside macrophages and drastically decreasing the mycobacterial burden inside macrophages (i.e., targeting intracellular bacteria). Safety studies showed neither measurable toxicity on macrophages nor Calu-3 cells, nor impaired epithelial integrity. The dissolved MSPs also did not show haemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. In a nutshell, this study presents a low-cost, stable and non-invasive dried powder formulation based on a dual micro-nano carrier to efficiently deliver drug to the lungs overcoming technological and practical challenges for global healthcare.
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