| 1. |
- Aivaz Ihari, Mahia, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term functional consequences of cranial nerve injuries after carotid endarterectomy.
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of cardiovascular surgery. - 1827-191X. ; 63:6, s. 695-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate long-term patient consequences of cranial nerve injury (CNI) caused by carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients with identified CNI at the 30-day follow-up.Consecutive patients operated for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis 2015-2019 with a documented CNI at the 30-day follow-up after CEA were recruited to this cross-sectional survey. Telephone interviews were conducted >1 year after CEA utilizing survey instruments developed to uncover CNI symptoms. Patients graded their symptoms on a 4-point scale: 1) no symptoms; 2) mild symptoms; 3) moderate symptoms; and 4) severe symptoms.Altogether, 477 patients underwent CEA, of which 82 were diagnosed with CNI; 70/82 patients remained alive at the time for the survey and 68 patients completed the interview. The mean follow-up time was 3.7 years. Severe persistent CNI symptoms were reported in 2/68 (2.9%), moderate symptoms in 1/68 (1.5%) and mild symptoms in 14/68 (21%) whereas 51/68 patients (75%) reported no residual symptoms. When extrapolating these findings to all patients, approximately 4.4% reported persistent symptoms at the long-term follow-up and only 0.8% reported moderate or severe symptoms.The long-term consequences of CNI following CEA are benign in most patients, with a high rate of symptom resolution and a very low rate of persistent clinically significant symptoms.
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| 2. |
- Engström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Staff Working Life and Older Persons' Satisfaction With Care : A Multilevel, Correlational Design
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Care Quality. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1057-3631 .- 1550-5065. ; 36:1, s. E7-E13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The importance of staff working life for staff well-being has been demonstrated in several studies; less research has focused on staff working life and older persons' satisfaction with care.Purpose: The study aim was to study relationships between 1) staff assessments of their structural conditions/empowerment in elderly care, psychological empowerment, and job satisfaction and (2) older persons' satisfaction with care.Methods: A multilevel, cross-sectional, and correlational design was applied using questionnaire data on working life (1021 staff members) and unit-level data (40 elderly care units) on older persons' satisfaction with care.Results: Statistically significant relationships were found between all 3 working life variables and older persons' satisfaction with care. Furthermore, the results revealed an indirect/mediating effect of job satisfaction between structural empowerment and satisfaction with care, but not for psychological empowerment.Conclusions: Staff structural empowerment, psychological empowerment, and job satisfaction are linked to older persons' satisfaction with care.
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| 3. |
- Engström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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What relationships can be found between nurses' working life and turnover? - A mixed-methods approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 30:1, s. 288-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: to describe why registered nurses decide to leave their work and to investigate relationships between registered nurses' working life and turnover (leaving the unit versus the profession).BACKGROUND: Much research has explored nurses' intention to leave, while less research has looked at turnover and especially leaving the profession.METHODS: Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews.RESULTS: The three most common reasons for both groups (leaving the profession, n=40; leaving unit but not profession, n=256) were high workload, low salary and applied for and got a new job. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant relationships between turnover and empowering structures, such as access to resources and informal power as well as the factor learning in thriving.CONCLUSIONS: Structural empowerment, such as good access to resources and informal power, is important to keeping nurses in the profession, while learning seems to increase the risk of leaving the profession when variables such as vitality, resources, informal power and age are held constant.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: To counteract nurses leaving the profession, managers must provide nurses with good access to resources, informal power, such as networks within and outside the organization, and focus on nurses' vitality.
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| 4. |
- Lindberg, Maria, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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A complex challenge with unclear improvement : the need for involvement, contextualization and facilitation when managers implement a leadership model
- 2023
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Ingår i: Leadership in Health Services. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1751-1879 .- 1751-1887. ; 36:2, s. 236-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Management and leadership in health care are described as complex and challenging, and the span of control is known to be a key component in the manager's job demands. The implementation of change can be a challenge in health care, and managers often have roles as implementation leaders. Little attention has been given to how managers perceive the process of implementation. Thus, this study aims to explore second-line managers' perceptions of, prerequisites for and experiences from the implementation of changes in their manager's work conditions. Design/methodology/approach A grounded theory-based qualitative design was used. Data were collected from a purposive sample of nine second-line managers by individual semi-structured interviews. The three stages of initial coding, focus codes and axial coding were used in data analysis. Findings Three thematic areas were identified: engagement, facilitation and achievement. The second-line managers' descriptions suggest that the change work entails a complex challenge with an unclear result. Involvement, consideration for the context and facilitation are needed to be able to conduct a cohesive implementation process. Originality/value This study findings outline that to succeed when implementing change in complex organizations, it is crucial that managers at different levels are involved in the entire process, and that there are prerequisites established for the facilitation and achievement of goals during the planning, implementation and follow-up.
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| 5. |
- Lindberg, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A complex challenge with unclear improvement: the need for involvement, contextualization and facilitation when managers implement a leadership model
- 2023
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Ingår i: Leadership in Health Services. - : Emerald. - 1751-1879 .- 1751-1887. ; 36:2, s. 236-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeManagement and leadership in health care are described as complex and challenging, and the span of control is known to be a key component in the manager’s job demands. The implementation of change can be a challenge in health care, and managers often have roles as implementation leaders. Little attention has been given to how managers perceive the process of implementation. Thus, this study aims to explore second-line managers’ perceptions of, prerequisites for and experiences from the implementation of changes in their manager’s work conditions.Design/methodology/approachA grounded theory–based qualitative design was used. Data were collected from a purposive sample of nine second-line managers by individual semi-structured interviews. The three stages of initial coding, focus codes and axial coding were used in data analysis.FindingsThree thematic areas were identified: engagement, facilitation and achievement. The second-line managers’ descriptions suggest that the change work entails a complex challenge with an unclear result. Involvement, consideration for the context and facilitation are needed to be able to conduct a cohesive implementation process.Originality/valueThis study findings outline that to succeed when implementing change in complex organizations, it is crucial that managers at different levels are involved in the entire process, and that there are prerequisites established for the facilitation and achievement of goals during the planning, implementation and follow-up.
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| 6. |
- Lundin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Observations and interviews describing first-line manager’s work at hospitals where the staff rates high access to empowering structures
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundIn times where hospitals are struggling with recruitment as well as keeping their current workers healthy and willing to stay on, it is important to identify factors that can help work organizations in their work of providing conditions for a good work environment and for a leadership that promotes health and development.ObjectiveThe aim was to study how first-line managers act at units where the staff has rated their access to empowering structures as high and to describe this together with the first-line managers' and their staff's descriptions regarding the staff's access to empowering structures by using Kanter's theory of structural empowerment as a framework. MethodA descriptive design with a qualitative approach collecting data using both observations and interviews. The study sample consisted of five first-line managers (FLM) and 13 staff members, at hospital units in different parts of Sweden, where the staff had rated their access to empowering structures as high using the Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire – II (CWEQ II) in a previous data collection.Both the first and last author conducted 80 hours of observations, following each FLM during two workdays, and 15 hours of interviewing both the FLMs and staff members. Fieldnotes of what the FLMs were doing were taken during the observations. On the third day at the unit, interviews were conducted with the FLM and two or three out of their staff. The interviews were semi-structured with questions related to the observations and questions inspired by Kanter’s theory. Data from both MP3 files and notebooks were transferred into a Word document and directed content analysis informed by Kanter’s theory was performed on the material as a whole.ResultsPreliminary results from the ongoing analysis indicate that findings in both the observations and interviews often confirm and support each other.
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| 7. |
- Lundin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Staff structural empowerment - observations of first-line managers and interviews with managers and staff
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Wiley. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 30:2, s. 403-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim was to study how first-line managers act to make structural empowerment accessible for nursing staff. Furthermore, to relate these observations to the manager's and their nursing staff's descriptions regarding the staff's access to empowering structures.BACKGROUND: Staff access to empowering structures has been linked to positive workplace outcomes. Managers play an important role in providing the conditions for structural empowerment.METHOD: Five first-line managers were observed for two workdays. Managers and staff (n=13) were thereafter interviewed. Field notes and interviews were analyzed using directed content analysis.RESULTS: The managers displayed intentional actions that could enable their staff access to empowering structures. Managers and staff described the importance of staff's access to empowering structures.CONCLUSION: Staff who perceive to have access to structural empowerment have managers who are present and available. Unanimity among managers and staff existed in regard to the importance of staff having access to structural empowerment. The managers work continually and intentionally, doing many things at the same time, to provide the staff access to empowering structures.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The study shows the importance of promoting managers' awareness of staff's access to structural empowerment and maximizing managers' presence and availability to their staff.
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| 8. |
- Mathiassen, Svend Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Cost and statistical efficiency of posture assessment by inclinometry and observation, exemplified by paper mill work
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 18:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postures at work are paramount in ergonomics. They can be determined using observation and inclinometry in a variety of measurement scenarios that may differ both in costs associated with collecting and processing data, and in efficiency, i.e. the precision of the eventual outcome. The trade-off between cost and efficiency has rarely been addressed in research despite the obvious interest of obtaining precise data at low costs. Median trunk and upper arm inclination were determined for full shifts in 28 paper mill workers using both observation and inclinometry. Costs were estimated using comprehensive cost equations; and efficiency, i.e. the inverted standard deviation of the group mean, was assessed on basis of exposure variance components. Cost and efficiency were estimated in simulations of six sampling scenarios: two for inclinometry (sampling from one or three shifts) and four for observation (one or three observers rating one or three shifts). Each of the six scenarios was evaluated for 1 through 50 workers. Cost-efficiency relationships between the scenarios were intricate. As an example, inclinometry was always more cost-efficient than observation for trunk inclination, except for observation strategies involving only few workers; while for arm inclination, observation by three observers of one shift per worker outperformed inclinometry on three shifts up to a budget of €20000, after which inclinometry prevailed. At a budget of €10000, the best sampling scenario for arm inclination was 2.5 times more efficient than the worst. Arm inclination could be determined with better cost-efficiency than trunk inclination. Our study illustrates that the cost-efficiency of different posture measurement strategies can be assessed and compared using easily accessible diagrams. While the numeric examples in our study are specific to the investigated occupation, exposure variables, and sampling logistics, we believe that inclinometry will, in general, outperform observation. In any specific case, we recommend a thorough analysis, using the comparison procedure proposed in the present study, of feasible strategies for obtaining data, in order to arrive at an informed decision support.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Strömberg, Annika
(författare)
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Forskning pågår 2021 : Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att lösa de samhällsutmaningar vi står inför är forskningen och skapandet av ny kunskap en viktig parameter. Inom akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv har forskningen fokus på hälsa och välfärd. Sedan 2018 har vi inför varje årsskifte samlat in projektbeskrivningar för de forskningsprojekt som pågår. Detta görs för att ge en överblick över forskningen men också som ett underlag för att kunna kommunicera forskningens inriktning och innehåll, såväl internt som externt.I rapporten är forskningsprojekten sorterade under temporära samlingsrubriker som vi idag ser som starka inriktningar för forskningen vid akademin. Forskning och kunskapande formas och omformas vilket ger att projekt och inriktningar ändras över tid. Titeln på rapporten ”Forskning pågår” signalerar just denna föränderlighet.Även i år innehåller rapporten över 100 projekt som svarar mot samhällsutmaningar inom hälsa och välfärd. Antalet doktorandprojekt ökar för varje år liksom andelen projekt med extern finansiering och de projekt som sker i samverkan med det omgivande samhället. Den kunskap som utvecklas genom vår forskning skapar goda förutsättningar för att vi ska kunna bidra till en positiv utveckling inom dessa områden. Vi kan göra skillnad! Annika StrömbergAkademichef Akademin för Hälsa och Arbetsliv
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