| 1. |
- Castro Alves, Victor, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of non-target metabolomics and sensory analysis unravels vegetable plant metabolite signatures associated with sensory quality : A case study using dill (Anethum graveolens)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using dill (Anethum graveolens L.) as a model herb, we revealnovel associations between metabolite profile and sensory quality, by integrating non-target metabolomics with sensory data. Low night temperatures and exposure to UV-enriched light was used to modulate plant metabolism, thereby improving sensory quality. Plant age is a crucial factor associated with accumulation of dill ether and α-phellandrene, volatile compounds associated with dill flavour. However, sensory analysis showed that neither of these compounds has any strong association with dill taste. Rather, amino acids alanine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, valine, and leucine increased in samples exposed to eustress and were positively associated with dill and sour taste. Increases in amino acids and organic acids changed the taste from lemon/grass to a more bitter/pungent dill-related taste. Our approach reveals a novel approach to establish links between effects of eustressors on sensory quality, and may be applicable to a broad range of crops.
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| 2. |
- Palma, Carolina Falcato Fialho, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of UV radiation on transcript and metabolite accumulation are dependent on monochromatic light background in cucumber
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 173:3, s. 750-761
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During recent years we have advanced our understanding of plant molecular responses to ultraviolet radiation (UV, 280-400 nm); however, how plants respond to UV radiation under different spectral light qualities is poorly understood. In this study, cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus ‘Lausanna RZ F1’) were grown under monochromatic blue, green, red and broadband white light in combination with UV radiation. The effects of light quality and UV radiation on acclimatory responses were assessed by measuring transcript accumulation of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), CHALCONE SYNTHASE 2 (CHS2) and LIGHT HARVESTING COMPLEX II (LHCII), and the accumulation of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in the leaves. The growth light backgrounds differentially regulated gene expression and metabolite accumulation. While HY5 and CHS2 transcripts were induced by blue and white light, LHCII was induced by white and red light. Furthermore, UV radiation antagonized the effects of blue, red, green, and white light on transcript accumulation in a gene dependent manner. Plants grown under blue light with supplementary UV radiation increased phenylalanine, flavonol disaccharide I and caffeic acid contents compared to those exposed only to blue light. UV radiation also induced the accumulation of flavonol disaccharide I and II, ferulic acid hexose and coumaric acid hexose in plants grown under green light. Our findings provide further understanding of plant responses to UV radiation in combination with different light spectra and contribute to the design of light recipes for horticultural practices that aim to modify plant metabolism and ultimately improve crop quality.
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| 3. |
- Qian, Minjie, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Downsizing in plants—UV light induces pronounced morphological changes in the absence of stress
- 2021
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 187:1, s. 378-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultraviolet (UV) light induces a stocky phenotype in many plant species. In this study, we investigate this effect with regard to specific UV wavebands (UV-A or UV-B) and the cause for this dwarfing. UV-A- or UV-B-enrichment of growth light both resulted in a smaller cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) phenotype, exhibiting decreased stem and petiole lengths and leaf area (LA). Effects were larger in plants grown in UV-B- than in UV-A-enriched light. In plants grown in UV-A-enriched light, decreases in stem and petiole lengths were similar independent of tissue age. In the presence of UV-B radiation, stems and petioles were progressively shorter the younger the tissue. Also, plants grown under UV-A-enriched light significantly reallocated photosynthates from shoot to root and also had thicker leaves with decreased specific LA. Our data therefore imply different morphological plant regulatory mechanisms under UV-A and UV-B radiation. There was no evidence of stress in the UV-exposed plants, neither in photosynthetic parameters, total chlorophyll content, or in accumulation of damaged DNA (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers). The abscisic acid content of the plants also was consistent with non-stress conditions. Parameters such as total leaf antioxidant activity, leaf adaxial epidermal flavonol content and foliar total UV-absorbing pigment levels revealed successful UV acclimation of the plants. Thus, the UV-induced dwarfing, which displayed different phenotypes depending on UV wavelengths, occurred in healthy cucumber plants, implying a regulatory adjustment as part of the UV acclimation processes involving UV-A and/or UV-B photoreceptors.
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| 4. |
- Chow, Wah Soon, et al.
(författare)
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A tribute to Robert John Porra (august 7, 1931–may 16, 2019)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Photosynthesis Research. - : Springer Nature. - 0166-8595 .- 1573-5079. ; 147:2, s. 125-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Robert John Porra (7.8.1931–16.5.2019) is probably best known for his substantial practical contributions to plant physiology and photosynthesis by addressing the problems of both the accurate spectroscopic estimation and the extractability of chlorophylls in many organisms. Physiological data and global productivity estimates, in particular of marine primary productivity, are often quoted on a chlorophyll basis. He also made his impact by work on all stages of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis: he proved the C5 pathway to chlorophylls, detected an alternative route to protoporphyrin in anaerobes and the different origin of the oxygen atoms in anaerobes and aerobes. A brief review of his work is supplemented by personal memories of the authors.
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| 5. |
- Sáenz-de la, O. Diana, et al.
(författare)
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Ultraviolet-B exposure and exogenous hydrogen peroxide application lead to cross-tolerance toward drought in Nicotiana tabacum L.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 173:3, s. 666-679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acclimation of plants to water deficit involves biochemical and physiological adjustments. Here, we studied how UV‐B exposure and exogenously applied hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) potentiates drought tolerance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. xanthi nc). Separate and combined applications for 14 days of 1.75 kJ m−2 day−1 UV‐B radiation and 0.2 mM H2O2 were assessed. Both factors, individually and combined, resulted in inhibition of growth. Furthermore, the combined treatment led to the most compacted plants. UV‐B‐ and UV‐B+H2O2‐treated plants increased total antioxidant capacity and foliar epidermal flavonol index. H2O2‐ and UV‐B+H2O2‐pre‐treated plants showed cross‐tolerance to a subsequent 7‐day moderate drought treatment, which was assessed as the absence of negative impact on growth, leaf wilting, and leaf relative water content (RWC). Plant responses to the pre‐treatment were notably different: (1) H2O2 increased the activity of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5) and peroxidase activities (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), and (2) the combined treatment induced epidermal flavonols which were key to drought tolerance. We report synergistic effects of UV‐B and H2O2 on transcription accumulation of UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8, NAC DOMAIN PROTEIN 13 (NAC13), and BRI1‐EMS‐SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1). Our data demonstrate a pre‐treatment‐dependent response to drought for NAC13, BES1 and CHALCONE SYNTHASE transcript accumulation. This study highlights the potential of combining UV‐B and H2O2 to improve drought tolerance which could become a useful tool to reduce water use.
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