| 1. |
- Jung, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of very old patients admitted to intensive care unit after acute versus elective surgery or intervention
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of critical care. - : W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC. - 0883-9441 .- 1557-8615. ; 52, s. 141-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We aimed to evaluate differences in outcome between patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) after elective versus acute surgery in a multinational cohort of very old patients (80 years; VIP). Predictors of mortality, with special emphasis on frailty, were assessed.Methods: In total, 5063 VIPs were induded in this analysis, 922 were admitted after elective surgery or intervention, 4141 acutely, with 402 after acute surgery. Differences were calculated using Mann-Whitney-U test and Wilcoxon test. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess associations with mortality.Results: Compared patients admitted after acute surgery, patients admitted after elective surgery suffered less often from frailty as defined as CFS (28% vs 46%; p < 0.001), evidenced lower SOFA scores (4 +/- 5 vs 7 +/- 7; p < 0.001). Presence of frailty (CFS >4) was associated with significantly increased mortality both in elective surgery patients (7% vs 12%; p = 0.01), in acute surgery (7% vs 12%; p = 0.02).Conclusions: VIPs admitted to ICU after elective surgery evidenced favorable outcome over patients after acute surgery even after correction for relevant confounders. Frailty might be used to guide clinicians in risk stratification in both patients admitted after elective and acute surgery.
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| 2. |
- Oka, Kouki, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of PEDOT-Quinone conducting redox polymers in water-in-salt electrolytes for safe and high-energy Li-ion batteries
- 2019
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Ingår i: Electrochemistry communications. - : Elsevier. - 1388-2481 .- 1873-1902. ; 105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Li-ion batteries (LIBs) raise safety and environmental concerns, which mostly arise from their toxic and flammable electrolytes and the extraction of limited material resources by mining. Recently, water-in-salt electrolytes (WiSEs), in which a large amount of lithium salt is dissolved in water, have been proposed to allow for assembling safe and high-voltage (>3.0 V) aqueous LIBs. In addition, organic materials derived from abundant building blocks and their tunable properties could provide safe and sustainable replacements for inorganic cathode materials. In the current work, the electrochemical properties of a conducting redox polymer based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) with hydroquinone (HQ) pendant groups have been characterized in WiSEs. The quinone redox reaction occurs within the potential region where the polymer is conducting, and fast redox conversion that involves lithium cycling during pendant group redox conversion was observed. These properties make conducting redox polymers promising candidates as cathode-active materials for safe and high-energy aqueous LIBs. An organic-based aqueous LIB, with a HQ-PEDOT as a cathode, Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) as an anode, and ca. 15 m lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide water/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as electrolyte, yielded an output voltage of 1.35 V and high rate capabilities up to 500C.
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| 3. |
- Sjödin, Martin, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Conducting Redox Polymers as Electrical Energy Storage Materials
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conducting redox polymers (CRPs) is an attractive alternative as organic matter based electrical energy storage materials as they provide means of combining the favorable charge transport properties of conducting polymers with the high capacity and well defined redox chemistry of small redox active groups. In general CRPs are composed of a conducting polymer backbone where each or some of the monomers building up the polymer is bearing a redox active functional group. Although the working principle of CRPs is straightforward several key criteria need to be met in the CRP design in order to benefit from synergetic effects of the conducting polymer backbone and the pendent group in CRPs that will be outlined in this presentation: 1) As conducting polymers are only conducting in their charged state successful polymer-pendent group combinations rely on that the pendant group has a redox potential within the conducting region of the polymer backbone. This condition is referred to as redox matching and the requirement in the CRP design will be explicitly proven.[1] 2) The purpose of the polymer backbone is to provide efficient electron transport through the material. We have previously shown the polymer conductivity can be severely compromised by the pendant group.[2] This could be overcome by judicious choice of polymer backbone and results will be presented that show that non-activated (semi-metallic) electron transport can be achieved in CRPs.[3-4] 3) A final design principle that will be discussed is related to the polymerizability and how it is affected by the nature of the link between the polymer backbone and the pendent.[5] In addition a novel polymerization method for CRP monomers will be presented that allow bulk processing even for insoluble CRPmaterials.
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