| 1. |
- Kanoni, Stavroula, et al.
(författare)
-
Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Genome biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 23:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N=1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3-5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism.Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
|
|
| 2. |
- Chen, Wen, 1988, et al.
(författare)
-
VLBI Astrometry of radio stars to link radio and optical celestial reference frames. I. HD 199178 & AR Lacertae
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 524:4, s. 5357-5367
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To accurately link the radio and optical Celestial Reference Frames (CRFs) at optical bright end, i.e. with GaiaG-band magnitude ≾13, increasing number and improving sky distribution of radio stars with accurate astrometric parameters from both Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) and Gaia measurements are mandatory. We selected two radio stars HD 199178 and AR Lacertae as the target for a pilot program for the frame link, using the Very Long Baseline Array at 15 GHz at six epochs spanning about 1 yr, to measure their astrometric parameters. The measured parallax of HD 199178 is 8.949 ± 0.059 mas and the proper motion is μαcos δ = 26.393 ± 0.093 and μδ = −0.950 ± 0.083 mas yr−1, while the parallax of AR Lac is 23.459 ± 0.094 mas and the proper motion is μαcos δ = −51.906 ± 0.138 and μδ = 46.732 ± 0.131 mas yr−1. Our VLBI measured astrometric parameters have accuracies about 4–5 times better than the corresponding historic VLBI measurements and comparable accuracies with those from Gaia, validating the feasibility of frame link using radio stars. With the updated astrometric parameters for these two stars, there is a ∼25 per cent reduction of the uncertainties on the Y-axis for both orientation and spin parameters.
|
|
| 3. |
- Cui, Luqing, et al.
(författare)
-
Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of Nickel-based Superalloy M951G at Elevated Temperatures
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Materials Characterization. - : Elsevier. - 1044-5803 .- 1873-4189. ; 163
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests of the newly developed nickel-based superalloy M951G have been conducted at 900 and 1000 °C under different total strain amplitudes. Results show that the fatigue properties, fracture mechanisms as well as coarsening of γ′ precipitates are dependent on testing temperatures and strain amplitudes. Fatigue life and cyclic stress response under the same total strain amplitude at 1000 °C are lower than that at 900 °C, which is due to the degradation of microstructures, shearing of γ′ precipitates by dislocations and serious oxidation. Fracture modes change from intergranular cracking to the mixed mode cracking as the strain amplitude increases. At low strain amplitudes, M951G alloy fails in the form of intergranular cracking owing to the oxidation of surface carbides and the relatively low deformation rate. At higher strain amplitudes, the strain localization in grain interior, the distribution of broken carbides and eutectics as well as the relatively higher strain rate are the main reasons for the formation of transgranular microcracks. Ultimately, the effects of fatigue conditions on coarsening of cubic γ′ precipitates are also analyzed from the aspect of γ′ volume fraction, fatigue life and flow stress difference between the γ/γ′ interfaces.
|
|
| 4. |
- Jiang, Qianer, et al.
(författare)
-
A review on the gastrointestinal protective effects of tropical fruit polyphenols
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1040-8398 .- 1549-7852. ; 63:24, s. 7197-7223
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tropical fruits are popular because of their unique, delicious flavors and good nutritional value. Polyphenols are considered to be the main bioactive ingredients in tropical fruits, and these exert a series of beneficial effects on the human gastrointestinal tract that can enhance intestinal health and prevent intestinal diseases. Moreover, they are distinct from the polyphenols in fruits grown in other geographical zones. Thus, the comprehensive effects of polyphenols in tropical fruits on gut health warrant in-depth review. This article reviews, first, the biological characteristics of several representative tropical fruits, including mango, avocado, noni, cashew apple, passion fruit and lychee; second, the types and content of the main polyphenols in these tropical fruits; third, the effects of each of these fruit polyphenols on gastrointestinal health; and, fourth, the protective mechanism of polyphenols. Polyphenols and their metabolites play a crucial role in the regulation of the gut microbiota, increasing intestinal barrier function, reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors and regulating immune function. Thus, review highlights the value of tropical fruits, highlighting their significance for future research on their applications as functional foods that are oriented to gastrointestinal protection.
|
|
| 5. |
- Qiu, Xianghai, et al.
(författare)
-
Mode-Merging Design Method for Nonlocally Reacting Liners with Porous Materials
- 2020
-
Ingår i: AIAA Journal. - : AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS. - 0001-1452 .- 1533-385X. ; 58:6, s. 2533-2545
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mode-merging design method (MMDM) for bulk liners with porous materials is proposed to maximize transmission losses in flow ducts. The eigenequation and its partial derivative equation governing the coupled acoustic fields in the duct and backchamber are derived, from which the merging double eigenvalue is obtained at a target frequency for a single incident circumferential mode. The crucial liner parameters (namely. the chamber depth and the flow resistivity of the porous material) can be optimized simultaneously. A finite element propagation model is employed to evaluate the MMDM-based design for a finite-length liner, demonstrating the effectiveness of the method for selected typical design cases. It is found that mode merging can be realized for a nonlocally reacting liner, with or without a perforated plate, mainly for protecting the porous material inside its chamber. The MMDM, under the assumption of an infinite-length liner, can give an almost globally optimal design for a finite-length liner when the length exceeds five times the duct diameter. It is expected that the proposed MMDM can be useful in the preliminary designs for actual bulk liners due to its rapidness and accuracy.
|
|
| 6. |
- Qiu, Xianghai, et al.
(författare)
-
Optimality analysis of bulk-reacting liners based on mode-merging design method
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sound and Vibration. - : Academic Press. - 0022-460X .- 1095-8568. ; 485
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demand for noise control within ducts advances the development of the liner design. Recently, the mode merging thought, originating from the Cremer concept for the optimal impedance of locally reacting liners, was extended to the bulk liner design by the authors and thus the Mode-merging Design Method (MMDM) was proposed. The current research is a continuation of the previous work to systematically investigate the acoustic optimality of bulk liners with porous material protected by a large-porosity faceplate based on the MMDM. The optimal transmission loss (TL) is focused on, along with the optimal chamber depth and flow resistivity of the porous material, in the parameter spaces spanning the Helmholtz number, the circumferential mode order and the Mach number. Besides, the effect of different faceplates on the optimality is investigated briefly. Some interesting conclusions are drawn and expected to be beneficial to the bulk liner design.
|
|
