| 1. |
- Bachmann, L., et al.
(författare)
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The role of systematics for understanding ecosystem functions: Proceedings of the Zoologica Scripta Symposium, Oslo, Norway, 25 August 2022
- 2023
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Ingår i: Zoologica Scripta. - : Wiley. - 0300-3256 .- 1463-6409. ; 52:3, s. 187-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On 25 August 2022, the Zoologica Scripta - An International Journal of Systematic Zoology and the Norwegian Academy of Sciences and Letters arranged a symposium entitled 'The role of systematics for understanding ecosystem functions' in the Academy's premises in Oslo, Norway. The symposium aimed at offering a forum for exploring and discussing trends and future developments in the field of systematics. Eleven international experts contributed expertise on various issues related to global challenges, such as biodiversity assessments, databases, cutting-edge analysis tools, and the consequences of the taxonomic impediment. Here, we compiled a multi-author proceedings paper of the symposium contributions that are arranged in chapters and presents the content and the key conclusions of the majority of the presentations.
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| 2. |
- Polovodova Asteman, Irina, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Spreading of an alien benthic foraminifer in the North Sea: a reason to be worried?
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Congress FORAMS2023, Perugia, Italy, 25-30th June. - Perugia, Italy : Micropress Europe & The Grzybowski Foundation.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the Skagerrak-Kattegat (eastern North Sea), the alien benthic foraminifer Nonionella sp. T1 (previously referred to as “Nonionella stella”) was reported for the first time in 2011 and 2012 in the Swedish and southern Norwegian fjords, respectively. Based on dated sediment cores its first occurrence can be traced back to the 1980s in the Gullmar Fjord, to the 2000s in the Öresund and to 2010 in the Oslofjord. Since then, Nonionella sp T1 has spread all over the Kattegat and coastal Skagerrak, according to sampling campaigns performed between 2016 and 2022. The species is now highly abundant in the entire Kattegat, including the Öresund, as well as in fjord mouths of the seasonally hypoxic Gullmar Fjord, the oxic Hakefjord and the long-term polluted Idefjord as demonstrated by molecular and morphospecies data. At the same time, Nonionella sp T1 is rare to absent in the Baltic Sea, Skagerrak deep basin and in deep fjords of western and northern Norway. This study shows some preliminary results on the species’ present distribution in the study area and raises questions about the driving factors and potential effects on the local biodiversity.
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| 3. |
- Aronsson, Mora, et al.
(författare)
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Sveriges arter och naturtyper i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv : Resultat från rapportering 2019 till EU av bevarandestatus 2013-2018
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige har en variationsrik natur med storslagen fjällmiljö, myllrande våtmarker, vattendrag och sjöar, kust och hav, skogar och odlingslandskap, alla med ett rikt växt och djurliv. Den här fantastiska biologiska mångfalden tas ofta för given och ibland som en lyx, men oavsett vilket är det en förutsättning för vår överlevnad.2019 rapporterade Sverige statusen till EU för perioden 2013–2018 för de naturtyper och arter i Sverige som är listade i art- och habitatdirektivet. Den berättar att 20 procent av naturtyperna och 40 procent av arterna mår bra. Den biologiska mångfalden är hårt trängd i såväl Sverige som i andra EU-länder.Den här rapporten sammanfattar Sveriges rapportering och innehåller beskrivningar av status för naturtyper och arter, påverkan, hot och trender. Rapporten ger kunskap om tillståndet för den biologiska mångfalden i Sverige med hjälp av de arter och naturtyper som är listade i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv.Rapporten visar hur naturmiljöerna i Sverige förändas, och sammanfattar den senaste kunskapen om vilka faktorer som driver dessa förändringar. Även exempel på hur vi genom restaurerings- och skötselåtgärder kan hejda förlusten av biologisk mångfald tas upp.
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| 4. |
- Bergkvist, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Provtagningsdesign för övervakning av främmande arter : Övervakning i marin miljö
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport beskriver metod och resultat för identifiering av optimala övervakningsstationer för tidigt upptäckt av marina invasiva främmande arter samt uppföljning av dess spridningsmönster. Metoden är baserad på beräkning av en samlad invasionsrisk för 34 målarter som analyseras individuellt och samlade i relevanta ekologiska grupperingar som till exempel sötvattenstoleranta arter, marina arter eller bentiska arter. I analysen ingår tre faktorer:• Geografisk fördelning av lämpliga habitat beräknat med hjälp av utbredningsmodeller för varje art.• Artspecifik riskbedömning.• Introduktionsrisk i samband med fartygstrafik och vattenströmmar. Resultatet pekar på två separata spridningsmönster för invasiva arter till marina miljöer i Sverige; spridning av marina arter längs nordeuropeiska kustvatten och spridning av sötvattenstoleranta arter via den europeiska kontinenten. Dessa två spridningsvägar analyserades separat och resultaten stöder en jämn fördelning av övervakningsstationer längs den svenska kusten mellan Strömstad och Gävle, med fokus på de områden som pekas ut av de marina modellerna på västkusten och de områden som pekas ut av sötvattensmodellerna på östkusten. De mest lämpliga övervakningsplatserna är hamnområden.
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| 5. |
- Brosved, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Physical Fitness, Physical Function, and Self-reported Outcomes in Patients ≥80 yr: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention. - 1932-751X. ; 42:5, s. 331-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The beneficial effects of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are well known, but patients ≥80 yr have been less studied. The aim was to evaluate the effects of CR on patients with ACS ≥80 yr on peak cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical function, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) compared with a control group.A total of 26 patients with ACS, median age 82 (81, 84) yr, were randomized to hospital-based CR combined with a home-based exercise program (CR group) or to a control group (C) for 4 mo. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 4 mo and included the peak CRF (primary outcome), 6-min walk test (6MWT), muscle endurance, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), one-leg stand test, and PROMs.There were no significant differences between the groups in peak CRF. The CR group improved significantly in terms of the 6MWT ( P = .04), isotonic muscle endurance ( P < .001), one-leg stand test ( P = .001), SPPB total score ( P =.03), Activities-specific Balance Confidence ( P =.01), and anxiety ( P =.03), as compared with C. There were no significant intergroup differences in the TUG, the self-reported health question or depression.Patients with ACS ≥80 yr improved in walking distance, muscle endurance, physical function, and PROMs, but not in peak CRF, by participating in a CR program. These results suggest an increased referral to CR for this growing group of patients to enable preserved mobility and independence in daily living, but this needs to be confirmed in larger studies.
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| 6. |
- Ekman, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Skala upp den befintliga digitala vården i Sverige
- 2020
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Ingår i: Dagens Medicin. - Stockholm : Bonnier. - 1104-7488.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ge Socialstyrelsen ett nationellt uppdrag att beställa och ersätta vårdgivare av digital vård, föreslår en grupp forskare med anledning av covid-19.
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| 7. |
- Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 lockdown reveals tourists as seabird guardians
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3207 .- 1873-2917. ; 254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The widespread lockdowns put in place to limit the spread of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) offers a rare opportunity in understanding how human presence influence ecosystems. Using data from long-term seabird monitoring, we reveal a previously concealed guarding effect by tourist groups on an iconic seabird colony in the Baltic Sea. The absence of tourists in 2020 lead to a sevenfold increase in presence of white-tailed eagles Haliaeetus albicilla, a sevenfold increase in their disturbance of breeding common murres Uria aalge and causing 26% lower murre productivity than the long-term average. Eagles did not prey on murres, but their frequent disturbances delayed egg laying and facilitated egg predation from herring gulls Larus argentatus and hooded crows Corvus cornix. Based on our findings, we suggest that human presence could be used as a strategic measure in guarding seabird colonies, and that a social-ecological systems perspective is vital for long-term success in protected area management.
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| 8. |
- Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Seabird surveillance: combining CCTV and artificial intelligence for monitoring and research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation. - : Wiley. - 2056-3485. ; 9:4, s. 568-581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecological research and monitoring need to be able to rapidly convey information that can form the basis of scientifically sound management. Automated sensor systems, especially if combined with artificial intelligence, can contribute to such rapid high-resolution data retrieval. Here, we explore the prospects of automated methods to generate insights for seabirds, which are often monitored for their high conservation value and for being sentinels for marine ecosystem changes. We have developed a system of video surveillance combined with automated image processing, which we apply to common murres Uria aalge. The system uses a deep learning algorithm for object detection (YOLOv5) that has been trained on annotated images of adult birds, chicks and eggs, and outputs time, location, size and confidence level of all detections, frame-by-frame, in the supplied video material. A total of 144 million bird detections were generated from a breeding cliff over three complete breeding seasons (2019–2021). We demonstrate how object detection can be used to accurately monitor breeding phenology and chick growth. Our automated monitoring approach can also identify and quantify rare events that are easily missed in traditional monitoring, such as disturbances from predators. Further, combining automated video analysis with continuous measurements from a temperature logger allows us to study impacts of heat waves on nest attendance in high detail. Our automated system thus produces comparable, and in several cases significantly more detailed, data than those generated from observational field studies. By running in real time on the camera streams, it has the potential to supply researchers and managers with high-resolution up-to-date information on seabird population status. We describe how the system can be modified to fit various types of ecological research and monitoring goals and thereby provide up-to-date support for conservation and ecosystem management.
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| 9. |
- Leach, Matthew J, et al.
(författare)
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Skills, attitudes and uptake of evidence-based practice : A cross-sectional study of chiropractors in the Swedish Chiropractic Association
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chiropractic and Manual Therapies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-709X. ; 29:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is integral to the delivery of high-quality health care. Chiropractic has been a licensed health profession in Sweden since 1989, but little is known of the uptake of EBP in this professional group. This study explored the self-reported skills, attitudes and uptake of EBP, and the enablers and barriers of EBP uptake, among licensed chiropractors in Sweden.METHODS: Licensed chiropractors (n = 172) of the Swedish Chiropractic Association (Legitimerade Kiropraktorers Riksorganisation) were invited to participate in an anonymous online questionnaire, using the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude and Utilisation Survey (EBASE) in February 2019.RESULTS: Fifty-six (33%) chiropractors completed the survey. Participants were predominantly male, aged 30-49 years, held a Master's degree, and had received their highest qualification and practiced chiropractic for over a decade. Chiropractors rated their EBP skill-level mostly in the moderate to moderate-high range. The majority of chiropractors reported positive attitudes towards EBP, with most agreeing or strongly agreeing that EBP is necessary in the practice of chiropractic, and that EBP assists in making decisions about patient care. Chiropractors reported an average level of engagement in EBP activities. All participants indicated professional literature and research findings were useful in their day-to-day chiropractic practice. The main perceived enabler of EBP uptake was internet access in the workplace, whereas the main barrier to EBP uptake was lack of clinical evidence in chiropractic.CONCLUSIONS: Participating chiropractors of the Swedish Chiropractic Association were generally favourable of EBP, though only reported modest levels of EBP-related skills and engagement in EBP activities. Our findings suggest future studies investigating interventions focussed on improving chiropractors' skills and uptake of EBP are warranted.
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| 10. |
- Morin, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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Hidden aliens: Application of digital PCR to track an exotic foraminifer across the Skagerrak (North Sea) correlates well with traditional morphospecies analysis. : APPLYING DPCR TO TRACK AN EXOTIC FORAMINIFER
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental Microbiology. - 1462-2912 .- 1462-2920. ; 25:11, s. 2321-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of invasive species is a well-studied one, but knowledge of free-living unicellular eukaryotic invasive species is lacking. A potentially invasive foraminifer (Rhizaria), Nonionella sp. T1, was recently discovered in the Skagerrak and its fjords. Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) was applied to track the spread of this non-indigenous species using a new dPCR assay (T1-1). The use of dPCR appears highly complementary to traditional hand picking of foraminiferal shells from the sediment, and is far less time-consuming. This study indicates that Nonionella sp. T1 has bypassed the outer Skagerrak strait, instead becoming established in Swedish west coast fjords, constituting up to half of the living foraminiferal community in fjord mouth areas. The ecology of Nonionella sp. T1 and its potential invasive impacts are still largely unknown, but it appears to be an opportunist using several energy sources such as nitrate respiration and kleptoplasty along with a possibly more efficient reproductive strategy to gain an advantage over the native foraminiferal species. Future ecological studies of Nonionella sp. T1 could be aided by dPCR and the novel Nonionella sp. T1-specific T1-1 assay.
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