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- Ostad, M, et al.
(författare)
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Expansion of immunoglobulin autoreactive T-helper cells in multiple myeloma
- 2008
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 111:5, s. 2725-2732
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activation and expansion of T helper (Th) cells followed by regulation of activation are essential to the generation of immune responses while limiting concomitant autoreactivity. In order to characterize T cells reactive towards myeloma-derived monoclonal immunoglobulin (mIg), an autologous coculture assay for single-cell analysis of mIg-responding cells was developed. When cultured with dendritic cells loaded with mIg, CD4+ Th cells from patients with progressing multiple myeloma (MM) showed a proliferative MHC class II–dependent response. CD8+ T-cell reactivity and Th1 activation were consistently low or absent, and Th2 and regulatory cytokines were expressed. The presence of such non-Th1 CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood was independent of treatment status, while the frequencies of responding cells varied between patients and reached the same order of magnitude as those measured for tetanus toxoid–specific Th memory cells. Furthermore, investigations of T-cell subpopulations indicated a possible regulatory role on the mIg responsiveness mediated by suppressive CD25highFOXP3+CD4+ T cells. It is proposed from the present results that a predominant in vivo activation of non-Th1 mIg-reactive CD4+ T cells constitute an Ig-dependent autoregulatory mechanism in human MM, with possible tumor growth supporting or permissive effects.
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- Brun Sundblad, Gunilla M, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and co-occurrence of self-rated pain and perceived health in school-children : Age and gender differences.
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pain. - : Wiley. - 1090-3801 .- 1532-2149. ; 11:2, s. 171-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this nationwide study, 1975 students from grades 3, 6, and 9 (ages 9, 12, and 15 at the onset of the year), were recruited from randomly selected schools, which represented different geographical areas throughout Sweden. The main aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of self-reported pain (headache, abdominal, and musculoskeletal pain) and perceived health (problems sleeping and/or if they often felt tired, lonely and sad). A second aim was to study the co-occurrence among different pain and health variables. The students, (n = 1908 distributed by grade 3: 255 girls and 305 boys, grade 6: 347 girls and 352 boys, grade 9: 329 girls and 320 boys) answered retrospectively (three months) a specially designed questionnaire. Fifty percent (50%) of the students reported that they had experienced pain, either as headache, abdominal pain or musculoskeletal pain, within the recall period. Gender differences were especially noticeable for headaches, where twice as many girls (17%, n = 159) than boys (8%, n = 80) reported that they suffered such pain at least once a week or more often. Co-occurrence among the variables was moderate (0.3-0.5). For the total of the seven variables, the perception of pain and health complaints decreased with age for boys from grades 3 to 9, while multiple complaints increased for girls.
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- Kallner Bastviken, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of vegetation and hydraulic load on seasonal nitrate removal in treatment wetlands
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ecological Engineering. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0925-8574 .- 1872-6992. ; 35:5, s. 946-952
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimising nitrate removal and identifying critical factors for nitrate removal in wetlands is an important environmental task in the effort to achieve better surface water quality. In this study, eighteen free water surface wetlands with similar shape and size (22 m2 each) received groundwater with a high nitrate-N concentration (about 11 mg l−1). The effects of two hydraulic loads, 0.13 m d−1 and 0.39 m d−1, and three vegetation types – emergent, submersed and freely developing vegetation – on the nitrate-N removal were investigated through mass inflow and outflow measurements.No significant difference in nitrate removal between the different hydraulic loads could be detected. Significantly higher area-specific nitrate removal and first-order area-based rate coefficients were found in the basins with emergent vegetation, with no difference between the basins with submersed and freely developing vegetation. The nitrate-N removal increased as the wetlands matured and the vegetation grew denser, emphasizing the role of dense emergent vegetation for nitrate removal at high nitrate concentrations.
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- Quintana, M, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of heart rate on myocardial velocity and atrio-ventricular displacement during exercise with and without beta-blockade : a tissue Doppler echocardiographic study
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Journal of Echocardiography. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1525-2167 .- 1532-2114. ; 6:2, s. 127-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Colour tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE) allows an objective assessment of regional myocardial function. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and A-V plane displacement (AVPD) obtained from colour TDE correlate well with changes in cardiac wall motion and can discriminate ischemic areas during stress echocardiography. During exercise, the relationship between PSV and AVPD depends on several factors besides ischemia and should be considered when performing exercise stress echocardiography.AIMS:To investigate the relation between PSV, AVPD and heart rate (HR) during semi-upright exercise with and without beta-blockade.SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Twelve healthy men underwent semi-upright exercise stress echocardiography with and without beta-blockade on two separate occasions. Standard echocardiographic projections were used for the stress echocardiography. Grey-scale echocardiographic pictures containing colour TDE information were obtained at rest and during a two-stage exercise test, and the images were analyzed off-line. The PSV and AVPD were measured at four points at the base of the left ventricle at the septum and lateral, inferior and anterior walls.RESULTS:PSV, AVPD and HR gradually increased during exercise. The increases in PSV and AVPD were linearly correlated with the increase in HR. The increases in PSV were significantly lower during exercise with beta-blockade than without beta-blockade (P<0.05). This was not observed in AVPD, as increments were not affected by beta-blockade.CONCLUSION:These data showing a relationship between HR and PSV, and a significantly lower PSV with beta-blockade at a given HR, suggest that PSV is influenced by HR and myocardial contractility, both of which are augmented by physical exercise-induced sympathetic stimulation.
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