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| 2. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Intradural spinal tumors: current classification and MRI features
- 2008
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Ingår i: Neuroradiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1920 .- 0028-3940. ; 50:4, s. 301-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The differential diagnosis of intradural spinal tumors is primarily based on location, but the clinical presentation, age, and gender of the patient are also important factors in determining the diagnosis. This comprehensive review focuses on the current classification, clinical symptoms, and MRI features of the more common intradural extramedullary and intramedullary neoplastic lesions. This review does not include extradural lesions.
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| 3. |
- Foerster, Bradley R., et al.
(författare)
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Value of gadolinium in brain MRI examinations for developmental delay
- 2006
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Ingår i: Pediatric Neurology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0887-8994. ; 35:2, s. 126-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the added utility of gadolinium administration in the magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of developmental delay in children less than 2 years of age. A computerized retrospective study identified all brain magnetic resonance imaging examinations using gadolinium performed at our institution from 1995-2002 for children under the age of 2 years. Review of the clinical records and magnetic resonance imaging reports identified 170 brain magnetic resonance imaging examinations that were performed for developmental delay. Magnetic resonance imaging studies with enhancing lesions were reviewed by two staff neuroradiologists and two radiology residents. Contrast administration was rated as essential, helpful, or not helpful for each study. In the 107 patients in whom developmental delay was the primary concern, there were no cases in which the findings would have been missed without gadolinium administration. In the 63 patients in whom developmental delay was a secondary concern, there were several cases (11%) where contrast was helpful but not essential in reaching a radiologic diagnosis. In conclusion, intravenous gadolinium has an extremely low yield in children under the age of 2 where developmental delay is the primary concern. In young children for whom developmental delay is a secondary concern, we advocate the use of gadolinium particularly where tumor or infection is clinically suspected. (c) 2006 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Sundgren, Pia C., et al.
(författare)
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Spinal trauma
- 2007
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Ingår i: Neuroimaging Clinics of North America. - : Elsevier BV. - 1557-9867 .- 1052-5149. ; 17:1, s. 73-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approximately 30,000 spinal injuries occur in the United States every year. Injuries to the spine and its contents affect predominately young, healthy individuals and are a major cause of disability, with significant socioeconomic consequences. The main cause for spinal injuries is blunt trauma, most commonly caused by motor vehicle accidents, followed by falls and sport injuries. Already, in the initial evaluation of patients who have blunt. trauma, multislice CT with two-dimensional (and threedimensional) reformatting is the method of choice. The liberal use of MR imaging is recommended to assess for injuries to soft tissue, the spine and its contents, intervertebral discs, and ligaments.
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| 7. |
- Zakhary, Mina M., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and Etiology of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Term Children Under the Age of Two Years: A Retrospective Study of Computerized Tomographic Imaging and Clinical Outcome in 798 Children
- 2009
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Ingår i: Academic Radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-4046 .- 1076-6332. ; 16:5, s. 572-577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale and Objectives. The purposes of this study were to retrospectively identify various etiologies underlying intracranial hemorrhages (ICHs) in term infants aged <2 years and their respective prevalence in this population and to describe the long-term clinical outcomes in these patients. Materials and Methods. A retrospective review of the medical records and computed tomographic studies of the head in 798 term infants aged 0 to 24 months with suspected or known ICHs was conducted. Results. ICHs were present in 195 of the 798 infants (24%). More than one type of ICH was present in 32%. Subdural hemorrhage was the most frequent type of ICH, occurring in 63% of the infants. Good clinical outcomes were present in 49% of the infants but varied depending on the location, etiology, and timing of the ICH. Conclusion. The incidence of various etiologies of ICH depended on the ages of the infants. The overall clinical outcomes were good, with no long-term sequelae in half of the infants presenting with ICHs. In infants aged >4 weeks presenting with ICHs, special attention should be given to the possibility of nonaccidental trauma etiology, because this is common and has worse long-term outcomes.
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