| 1. |
- Casamitjana, Adrià, et al.
(författare)
-
Bayesian learning for time-varying linear prediction of speech
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 2015 23rd European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2015. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9780992862633 ; , s. 325-329
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We develop Bayesian learning algorithms for estimation of time-varying linear prediction (TVLP) coefficients of speech. Estimation of TVLP coefficients is a naturally underdeter-mined problem. We consider sparsity and subspace based approaches for dealing with the corresponding underde-termined system. Bayesian learning algorithms are developed to achieve better estimation performance. Expectation-maximization (EM) framework is employed to develop the Bayesian learning algorithms where we use a combined prior to model a driving noise (glottal signal) that has both sparse and dense statistical properties. The efficiency of the Bayesian learning algorithms is shown for synthetic signals using spectral distortion measure and formant tracking of real speech signals.
|
|
| 2. |
- Fredin, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
-
Excited State Dynamics of Bistridentate and Trisbidentate Ru II Complexes of Quinoline-Pyrazole Ligands
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 58:24, s. 16354-16363
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three homoleptic ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(Q3PzH)3]2+, [Ru(Q1Pz)3]2+, and [Ru(DQPz)2]2+, based on the quinoline-pyrazole ligands, Q3PzH (8-(3-pyrazole)-quinoline), Q1Pz (8-(1-pyrazole)-quinoline), and DQPz (bis(quinolinyl)-1,3-pyrazole), have been spectroscopically and theoretically investigated. Spectral component analysis, transient absorption spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and ligand exchange reactions with different chlorination agents reveal that the excited state dynamics for Ru(II) complexes with these biheteroaromatic ligands differ significantly from that of traditional polypyridyl complexes. Despite the high energy and low reorganization energy of the excited state, nonradiative decay dominates even at liquid nitrogen temperatures, where triplet metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer emission quantum yields range from 0.7 to 3.8%, and microsecond excited state lifetimes are observed. In contrast to traditional polypyridyl complexes where ligand exchange is facilitated by expansion of the metal-ligand bonds to stabilize a metal-centered state, photoinduced ligand exchange occurs in the bidentate complexes despite no substantial MC state population, while the tridentate complex is extremely photostable despite an activated decay route, highlighting the versatile photochemistry of nonpolypyridine ligands. © 2019 American Chemical Society.
|
|
| 3. |
- Gould, Rachael, 1982-
(författare)
-
The individual human side of supporting sustainable design beginners
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Starting to include sustainability considerations in a design project is a transition requiring a change in how things are done, that is, a change in behaviour. Furthermore, this transition takes place in the midst of the usual pressures of product design. Prior research on sustainable design has mostly explored the so-called technical side – identifying what tasks should be performed, such as specifics of including sustainability criteria when analysing product concepts. However, this has not been enough. These tasks are not being performed to the extent that they could, or that is needed. Recent studies have advocated the consideration of the human nature of the people who are to execute these ‘technical’ tasks. In other words, there is a need to work with the socio-psychological factors in order to help sustainable design beginners to adopt new mindsets and practice (their usual way of doing design).My aim was therefore to investigate how to support individual product design team members with the human aspects of transitioning to executing sustainable design. In particular, I focused on supporting good individual decision-making and individual behaviour change. This aim was addressed through multiple research projects with four partner companies working with the early phases of product design. Given a focus to change practice, I followed an action research approach with a particular emphasis on theory building. This action research approach comprised two phases: understanding the challenge and context, and then iteratively developing solutions through a theorise–design-act-observe-reflect cycle.Through the research projects, my colleagues and I found that there are challenges related to behaviour change and decision-making that are hindering execution of sustainable design. In order to help organisations to overcome or avoid these challenges, we found that it may be beneficial for those developing sustainable design tools and methods to (i) use techniques to mitigate for cognitive illusions, (ii) provide individuals with the opportunity to implement sustainable design while helping those individuals to increase their motivation and capability to execute sustainable design, and (iii) communicate with these individuals in such a way as to avoid triggering psychological barriers (self-defence mechanisms). I combined these points into two models.Together with the partner organisations, we applied the two models to design some actions that we then tested. The actions included integrating behaviour change and decision-making considerations into sustainable design tools as well as stand-alone interventions in the culture.Given the findings of these studies, I urge developers of sustainable design tools to see implementation of their tool as a learning journey. The beginning of the journey should comprise small steps supported by handrails, which then increase in size and decrease in support as the journey continues. Especially in the beginning, tool developers will also need to help travellers to avoid the decision-making errors that occur due to being in unfamiliar territory.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hjalmarsson-Jordanius, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Autonomous Transport : Transforming Logistics through Driverless Intelligent Transportation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Transportation Research Record. - : SAGE Publications. - 0361-1981 .- 2169-4052. ; 2672:7, s. 24-33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can autonomous technology be used beyond end-customer autonomous driving features? This position paper addresses this problem by exploring a novel autonomous transport solution applied in the automotive logistics domain. We propose that factory-complete cars can be transformed to become their own autonomous guided vehicles and thus transport themselves when being moved from the factory for shipment. Cars equipped with such a system are driverless and use an onboard autonomous transport solution combined with the advanced driver assistance systems pre-installed in the car for end-customer use. The solution uses factory-equipped sensors as well as the connectivity infrastructure installed in the car. This means that the solution does not require any extra components to enable the car to transport itself autonomously to complete a transport mission in the logistics chain. The solution also includes an intelligent off-board traffic control system that defines the transport mission and manages the interaction between vehicles during systems operation. A prototype of the system has been developed which was tested successfully in live trials at the Volvo Car Group plant in Gothenburg Sweden in 2017. In the paper, autonomous transport is positioned in between autonomous guided vehicles and autonomous driving technology. A review of the literature on autonomous vehicle technology offers contextual background to this positioning. The paper also presents the solution and displays lessons learned from the live trials. Finally, other use areas are introduced for driverless autonomous transport beyond the automotive logistics domain that is the focus of this paper.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hjalmarsson-Jordanius, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Disrupting Automotive Logistics : Through a Combined Intelligent and Autonomous Transport Solution
- 2017
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This technical paper addresses a novel and scalable autonomous transport system, applied in theautomotive logistics context. Production cars will be utilized as their own means of transportation in thelogistic chain, requiring no human driver. The cars will be guided by a novel intelligent transport solutioncombined with existing on-board Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) functionality. Thisincludes using implemented sensors in the production car, fusion of sensor data collected by the car,and connectivity with existing and future mobile networks communication technology. An intelligent offboardtraffic control system will manage each production car in the logistic flow and direct the car frompoint A to point B, as well as manage the interaction between cars in the flow. A prototype of the systemhas been developed, implemented in a production car and during 2017, being tested in live car-trials inSweden. In this technical paper, we describe this evolution in vehicle logistics with a focus on its onboardcore sub-system and the off-board traffic control system. We pinpoint design features in thesystem, as well as discuss the capacity for the system to disrupt contemporary models of automotivelogistics.
|
|
| 6. |
- Holmquist, Carin, et al.
(författare)
-
Entrepreneurial dynamics in the third age – a study of trajectories for start-ups by two cohorts of entrepreneurs/self-employed aged 55 and 60
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Handbook of research on entrepreneurship and aging. - : Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.. - 9781788116206 - 9781788116213 ; , s. 143-168
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dynamics of entrepreneurs starting, driving and leaving firms is interesting, with a large turnover of firms and of entrepreneurs. Such dynamics can also be linked to the life course dynamics of individual entrepreneurs. Surprisingly few have studied the dynamics within age groups 55+. This chapter addresses this gap as we explore entry, survival and exit patterns of two groups: All Swedish 55-year-olds and 60-year-olds who started firms in 2004. We follow these entrepreneurs over six years to analyze changes in their relation to the labor market. We find three general change patterns: Stay as firm owners, go to an employment or leave the labor market (retirement etc.). The findings show quite a dynamic pattern and challenge many beliefs about entrepreneurship and about the elderly on the labor market and as self-employed.
|
|
| 7. |
- Klinthäll, Martin, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Older as Entrepreneurs: A Diversified Group : Illustrated Through Entrepreneurship in Technical Consultancy and Artistic and Literary Work
- 2017. - 1
-
Ingår i: Ageing, Organizations and Management. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319588124 - 9783319588131 ; , s. 277-300
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this chapter, the variety of old age entrepreneurship is illustrated through entrepreneurs in two different sectors: technical consultants and those involved in art and literary work. The empirical overview of older entrepreneurs is based on register data on the whole population of Sweden, as well as interviews with entrepreneurs. Unexpectedly, although the two industries are very different regarding markets, work content and formal skills requirements, the patterns of entrepreneurship towards the end of working life are similar. Basic economic security provided by the Swedish welfare system seems to mitigate some of the expected differences.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kurilova-Palisaitiene, Jelena, 1985-
(författare)
-
Lean Remanufacturing : Reducing Process Lead Time
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Remanufacturing is a product recovery option in which used products are brought back into useful life. While the remanufacturing industry stretches from heavy machinery to automotive parts, furniture, and IT sectors, it faces challenges. A majority of these challenges originate from the remanufacturing characteristics of having little control over the core (the used product or its part), high product variation, low product volumes, and a high proportion of manual work, when compared to manufacturing. Some remanufacturing challenges appear to be process challenges that prolong process lead time, making remanufacturing process inefficient.Lean is an improvement strategy with roots in the manufacturing industry. Lean helps to increase customer satisfaction, reduce costs, and improve company’s performance in delivery, quality, inventory, morale, safety, and other areas. Lean encompasses principles, tools and practices to deal with e.g. inefficient processes and long process lead times. Therefore, in this thesis lean has been selected as an improvement strategy to deal with long remanufacturing process lead times.The objective of this thesis is to expand knowledge on how lean can reduce remanufacturing process lead time. This objective is approached through literature studies and a case study conducted at four remanufacturing companies. There are five challenges that contribute to long process lead time: unpredictable core quality, quantity, and timing; weak collaboration, information exchange, and miscommunication; high inventory levels; unknown number of required operations in process and process sequence; and insufficient employee skills for process and product upgrade. When analysing the case companies’ process lead times it was found that there is a need to reduce waiting times, which account for 95 to 99 per cent of process lead times at three of the four companies.To improve remanufacturing process efficiency and reduce remanufacturing process lead time six lean practices are suggested: product families; kanban; layout for continuous flow; cross functional teams; standard operating procedures; and supplier partnerships. The suggested lean practices have a key focus on reducing waiting time since it prolongs the process lead time. This thesis contributes to lean remanufacturing research with the case study findings on lean practices to reduce remanufacturing process lead time and increase process efficiency.
|
|
| 9. |
- Li, Kezhi, et al.
(författare)
-
Alternating strategies with internal ADMM for low-rank matrix reconstruction
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Signal Processing. - : Elsevier. - 0165-1684 .- 1872-7557. ; 121, s. 153-159
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the problem of reconstructing low-rank matrices from underdetermined measurements using alternating optimization strategies. We endeavour to combine an alternating least-squares based estimation strategy with ideas from the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to recover low-rank matrices with linear parameterized structures, such as Hankel matrices. The use of ADMM helps to improve the estimate in each iteration due to its capability of incorporating information about the direction of estimates achieved in previous iterations. We show that merging these two alternating strategies leads to a better performance and less consumed time than the existing alternating least squares (ALS) strategy. The improved performance is verified via numerical simulations with varying sampling rates and real applications.
|
|
| 10. |
- Schumacher, Martin C, et al.
(författare)
-
[11C]Acetate positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging of prostate cancer lymph-node metastases correlated with histopathological findings after extended lymphadenectomy
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 49:1, s. 35-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of combined [11C]acetate positron emission tomography and computed tomography ([11C]acetate-PET/CT) in regional lymph-node staging in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).Material and methods[11C]Acetate-PET/CT was performed in 19 PCa patients who subsequently underwent extended pelvic lymph-node dissection (ePLND). The [11C]acetate-PET/CT results were compared with the surgical and histopathological findings from 13 defined lymph-node regions.Results[11C]Acetate-PET/CT was true-positive for lymph-node metastases in nine patients, false-positive in three, false-negative in one patient and true-negative in six. The patient-by-patient-based sensitivity was 90% and the specificity 67%, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 75% and the negative predictive value (NPV) 86%. From a total of 114 nodal regions (mean 5.9 regions per patient), 484 lymph nodes (mean 25.5 nodes per patient) were removed and evaluated histopathologically. Forty-six lymph nodes from 24 out of 114 (21%) nodal regions were positive for PCa metastasis. The nodal-region-based sensitivity of [11C]acetate-PET/CT was 62%, specificity was 89%, PPV 62% and NPV 89%.Conclusion[11C]Acetate-PET/CT detects PCa lymph-node metastases with high patient-by-patient-based sensitivity but low specificity, and low nodal-region-based sensitivity but high specificity. Its limited ability to detect microscopic lymph-node involvement makes ePLND essential in all patients diagnosed with positive nodes on [11C]acetate-PET/CT.
|
|
